Comprehension of seeing as a referential act in young children, but not juvenile chimpanzees

British Journal of Developmental Psychology

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 37-60

  Povinelli, Daniel J ^a   Bierschwale, Donna T ^b   Čech, Claude G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA AT LAFAYETTE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033245850     PISSN: 0261510X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1348/026151099165140     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Anderson, J.R., Sallaberry, P. & Barbier, H. (1995). Use of experimenter-given cues during object-choice tasks by capuchin monkeys. Animal Behaviour, 49, 201-208.
2. Argyle, M. & Cook, M. (1976). Gaze and mutual gaze. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Astington, J. W., Harris, P.L. & Olson, D.R. (1988). Developing theories of mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Astington, J. W. & Gopnik, A. (1991). Theoretical explanations of children's understanding of the mind. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 7-31.
5. Avis, J. & Harris, P.L. (1991). Belief-desire reasoning among Baka children: Evidence for a universal conception of mind. Child Development, 62, 460-467.
6. Baldwin, D.A. (1991). Infants' contribution to the achievement of joint reference. Child Development, 63, 875-890.
7. Baldwin, D.A. & Moses, L.J. (1994). Early understanding of referential intent and attentional focus: Evidence from language and emotion. In C. Lewis & P. Mitchell (Eds), Children's early understanding of Mind, pp. 133-156. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8. Baron-Cohen, S. (1991). Precursors to a theory of mind: Understanding attention in others. In A. Whiten (Ed.), Natural theories of mind, pp. 233-251. Oxford: Blackwell.
9. Baron-Cohen, S. (1995). Mindblindness. An essay on autism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
10. Bartsch, K. & Wellman, H.M. (1995). Children talk about the mind. New York: Oxford University Press.
11. Bickerton, D. (1987). More than nature needs? A reply to Premack. Cognition, 23, 73-79.
12. Brothers, L. & Ring, B. (1992). A neuroethological framework for the representation of minds. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 4, 107-118.
13. Burke, K. (1966). Language as symbolic action. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
14. Butterworth, G. & Cochran, E. (1980). Towards a mechanism of joint visual attention in human infancy. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 3, 253-272.
15. Butterworth, G. & Jarrett, N. (1991). What minds have in common is space: Spatial mechanisms serving joint visual attention in infancy. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 55-72.
16. Chandler, M.J., Fritz, A.S. & Hala, S. (1989). Small-scale deceit: Deception as a marker of two-, three-, and four-year olds' early theories of mind. Child Development, 60, 1263-1277.
17. Cheney, D.L. & Seyfarth, R.M. (1990a). How monkeys see the world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
18. Cheney, D.L. & Seyfarth, R.M. (1990b). Attending to behaviour versus attending to knowledge: Examining monkeys' attribution of mental states. Animal Behaviour, 40, 742-753.
19. Corkum, V. & Moore, C. (1994). Development of joint visual attention in infants. In C. Moore & P. Dunham (Eds), Joint attention: Its origin and role in development, pp. 61-84. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
20. Dennett, D.C. (1983). Intentional systems in cognitive ethology: The 'Panglossian paradigm' defended. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 6, 343-390.
21. Eddy, T.J., Gallup, Jr. G.G. & Povinelli, D.J. (1993). Attribution of cognitive states to animals: Anthropomorphism in comparative perspective. Journal of Social Issues, 49, 87-101.
22. Flavell, J.H. (1988). From cognitive connections to mental representations. In J.W. Astington, P.L. Harris & D.R. Olson (Eds), Developing theories of mind, pp. 244-267. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
23. Flavell, J.H., Everett, B.A., Croft, K. & Flavell, E.R. (1981). Young children's knowledge about visual perception: Further evidence for the level 1-level 2 distinction. Developmental Psychology, 17, 99-103.
24. Flavell, J.H., Shipstead, S.G. & Croft, K. (1978). What young children think you see when their eyes are closed. Cognition, 8, 369-387.
25. Frye, D. & Moore, C. (Eds) (1991). Children's theories of mind: Mental states and social understanding. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
26. Gallup, Jr. G.G., Nash, R.F. & Ellison, Jr. A.L. (1971). Tonic immobility as a reaction to predation: Artificial eyes as a fear stimulus for chickens. Psychonomic Science, 23, 79-80.
27. Gopnik, A. & Graf, P. (1988). Knowing how you know: Young children's ability to identify and remember the sources of their beliefs. Child Development, 59, 1366-1371.
28. Gopnik, A., Meltzoff, A.N. & Esterly, J. (1995). Young children's understanding of visual perspective-taking. Poster presented at the First Annual Theory of Mind Conference, February, Eugene, Oregon.
29. Harré, R. & Secord, P. (1972). The explanation of social behavior. Oxford: Blackwell.
30. Harris, P.L. (1989). Children and emotion: The development of psychological understanding. Oxford: Blackwell.
31. Harris, P.L. (1991). The work of the imagination. In A. Whiten (Ed.), Natural theories of mind: Evolution, development and simulation of everyday mindreading, pp. 283-304. Cambridge: Blackwell.
32. Heider, F. & Simmel, M. (1944). An experimental study of apparent behavior. American Journal of Psychology, 57, 243-259.
33. Heyes, C.M. (1993). Anecdotes, training, trapping, and triangulating: Do animals attribute mental states? Animal Behaviour, 46, 177-188.
34. Humphrey, N.K. (1976). The social function of intellect. In P.P.G. Bateson and R.A. Hinde (Eds), Growing points in ethology, pp. 303-317. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
35. Jolly, A. (1966). Lemur social intelligence and primate intelligence. Science, 153, 501-506.
36. Kummer, H., Anzenberger, G. & Hemelrijk, C. (1996). Hiding and perspective-taking in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110, 97-102.
37. Langer, S.K. (1942). Philosophy in a new key. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
38. Leslie, A.M. (1987). Pretense and representation: The origins of 'theory of mind'. Psychological Review, 94, 412-426.
39. Lempers, J.D., Flavell, E.R. & Flavell, J.H. (1977). The development in very young children of tacit knowledge concerning visual perception. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 95, 3-53.
40. Lillard, A.S. (1993). Pretend play skills and the child's theory of mind. Child Development, 64, 348-371.
41. Lillard, A. (1998). Ethnopsychologies: Cultural variations in theory of mind. Psychological Bulletin, 123, 3-32.
42. Meltzoff, A.N. (1995). Understanding the intentions of others: Re-enactment of intended acts by 18-month-old children. Developmental Psychology, 31, 838-850.
43. Miller, P.H. & Aloise, P.A. (1989). Young children's understanding of the psychological causes of behavior. Child Development, 60, 257-285.
44. O'Neill, D.K. & Gopnik, A. (1991). Young children's ability to identify the sources of their beliefs. Developmental Psychology, 27, 390-397.
45. Perner, J. (1991). Understanding the representational mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
46. Perrett, D., Harries, M., Mistlin, A., Hietanen, J., Benson, P., Bevan, R., Thomas, S., Oram, M., Ortega, J. & Brierly, K. (1990). Social signals analyzed at the single cell level: Someone is looking at me, something touched me, something moved! International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 4, 25-55.
47. Pillow, B.H. (1989). Early understanding of perception as a source of knowledge. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 47, 116-129.
48. Povinelli, D.J. (1993). Reconstructing the evolution of mind. American Psychologist, 48, 493-509.
49. Povinelli, D.J. (1994). Comparative studies of mental state attribution: A reply to Heyes. Animal Behaviour, 48, 239-241.
50. Povinelli, D.J. (1996a). Chimpanzee theory of mind? The long road to strong inference. In P. Carruthers & P. Smith (Eds), Theories of theories of mind, pp. 293-329. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Povinelli, D.J. (1996b). Growing up ape. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, vol. 61, No. 3, Serial No. 247, pp. 174-189.
52. Povinelli, D.J. & deBlois, S. (1992). Young children's (Homo sapiens) understanding of knowledge formation in themselves and others. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 106, 228-238.
53. Povinelli, D.J. & Eddy, T.J. (1996a). What young chimpanzees know about seeing. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Vol. 61, No. 3, Serial No. 247.
54. Povinelli, D.J. & Eddy, T.J. (1996b). Chimpanzees: Joint visual attention. Psychological Science, 7, 129-135.
55. Povinelli, D.J. & Eddy, T.J. (1996c). Factors influencing young chimpanzees recognition of attention. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110, 336-345.
56. Povinelli, D.J. & Eddy, T.J. (1997). Specificity of gaze-following in young chimpanzees. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 15, 213-222.
57. Povinelli, D.J. & Godfrey, L.R. (1993). The chimpanzee's mind: How noble in reason? How absent of ethics? In M. Nitecki & D. Nitecki (Eds), Evolutionary ethics, pp. 277-324. Albany: SUNY Press.
58. Povinelli, D.J., Nelson, K.E. & Boysen, S.T. (1990). Inferences about guessing and knowing by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 104, 203-210.
59. Povinelli, D.J., Nelson, K.E. & Boysen, S.T. (1992). Comprehension of role reversal by chimpanzees: Evidence of empathy? Animal Behaviour, 43, 633-640.
60. Povinelli, D.J., Parks, K.A. & Novak, M.A. (1991). Do rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) attribute knowledge and ignorance to others? Journal of Comparative Psychology, 105, 318-325.
61. Povinelli, D.J., Parks, K.A. & Novak, M.A. (1992). Role reversal by rhesus monkeys, but no evidence of empathy. Animal Behaviour, 44, 269-281.
62. Povinelli, D.J. & Prince, C.G. (1998). When self met other. In M. Ferrari & R.J. Sternberg (Eds), Self-awareness: Its nature and development, pp. 37-107. New York: Guilford.
63. Povinelli, D.J., Reaux, J.E., Bierschwale, D.T., Allain, A.D. & Simon, B.B. (1997). Exploitation of pointing as a referential gesture in young children, but not adolescent chimpanzees. Cognitive Development, 12, 423-461.
64. Pratt, C. & Bryant, P. (1990). Young children understand that looking leads to knowing (so long as they are looking into a single barrel). Child Development, 61, 973-982.
65. Premack, D. (1988). 'Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind' revisited. In R. Byrne & A. Whiten (Eds), Machiavellian intelligence, pp. 160-179. New York: Oxford University Press.
66. Premack, D. (1990). The infant's theory of self-propelled objects. Cognition, 36, 1-16.
67. Premack, D. & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1, 515-526.
68. Reaux, J.E., Theall, L.A. & Povinelli, D.J. (in press). A longitudinal investigation of chimpanzees' understanding of visual perception. Child Development.
69. Ruffman, T.K. & Olson, D.R. (1989). Children's ascriptions of knowledge to others. Developmental Psychology, 25, 601-606.
70. Scaife, M. & Bruner, J. (1975). The capacity for joint visual attention in the infant. Nature, 253, 265-266.
71. Schwartz, R. (1980). How rich a theory of mind? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3, 616-618.
72. Tomasello, M. (1988). The role of joint attention in early language development. Language Sciences, 11, 69-88.
73. Tomasello, M. & Call, J. (1994). Social cognition of monkeys and apes. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 37, 273-305.
74. Tomasello, M., Call, J., Nagell, K., Olguin, R. & Carpenter, M. (1994). The learning and use of gestural signals by young chimpanzees: A trans-generational study. Primates, 35, 137-154.
75. Tomasello, M. & Farrar, J. (1986). Joint attention and early language. Child Development, 57, 1454-1463.
76. Tomasello, M., Kruger, A.C. & Ratner, H.H. (1993). Cultural learning. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 495-552.
77. Vinden, P.G. (1996). Junín Quechua children's understanding of the mind. Child Development, 67, 1707-1716.
78. de Waal, F.B.M. (1982). Chimpanzee politics: Power and sex among apes. New York: Harper and Row.
79. Wellman, H.M. (1990). The child's theory of mind. Cambridge, MA: Bradford.
80. Whiten, A. (1993). Evolving theories of mind: The nature of non-verbal mentalism in other primates. In S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg, D. Cohen & F. Volkmar (Eds), Understanding other minds, pp. 367-396. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
81. Whiten, A. & Byrne, R.W. (1988). Tactical deception in primates. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 11, 233-244.
82. Wimmer, H., Hogrefe, G.-J. & Perner, J. (1988). Children's understanding of informational access as a source of knowledge. Child Development, 59, 386-396.
83. Wimmer, H. & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition, 13, 103-128.
84. Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations. Oxford: Blackwell.