Palladium(II)-induced alkali metal ion incorporation of 2,6-disubstituted pyridines with Bis(alkoxyethyl) malonate subunits

Chemistry Letters

Volumn , Issue 11, 1999, Pages 1231-1232

  Mutou, Tomoko ^a   Amimoto, Kiichi ^a   Kanatomi, Hajime ^a   Koyama, Hiroyuki ^a   Kawato, Toshio ^a  

^a KYUSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033235095     PISSN: 03667022     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1246/cl.1999.1231     Document Type: Article

References (30)

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2. For example, F. Vögtle, "Supramolecular Chemistry. An Introduction," Wiley, New York (1991); J.-M. Lehn, "Supramolecular Chemistry. Concepts and Perspectives," VCH, Weinheim (1995); "Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry," ed by J. L. Atwood, J. E. D. Davies, D. D. MacNicol, and F. Vögtle, Pergamon, Oxford (1996), Vol. 1.
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4. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
5. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
6. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
7. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
8. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
9. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
10. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
11. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
12. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
13. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
14. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
15. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
16. J. Rebek, Jr., Acc. Chem. Res., 17, 258 (1984); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, and N. Furukawa, Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 6211 (1987); A. Schepartz and J. P. McDevitt, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 5976 (1989); H.-J. Schneider and D. Ruf, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 29, 1159 (1990); Y. Kobuke and Y. Satoh, J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 114, 789 (1992); T. Nabeshima, T. Inaba, N. Furukawa, T. Hosoya, and Y. Yano, Inorg. Chem., 32, 1407 (1993); M. Inoue, T. Konishi, and K. Isagawa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115, 8091 (1993); S. Sakai and T. Sasaki, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 116, 1587 (1994); I. P.-Halter, T. J. Smith, and J. Weiss, Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 1201 (1996); F. C. J. M. van Veggel, W. Verboom, and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Rev., 94, 279 (1994); M. Fujita and K. Ogura, Coord. Chem. Rev., 148, 249 (1996); B. Linton and A. D. Hamilton, Chem. Rev., 97. 1669 (1997); P. D. Beer, Acc. Chem. Res., 31, 71 (1998); M. M. G. Antonisse and D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Commun., 1998, 443; M. Fujita, S.-Y. Yu, T. Kusukawa, H. Funaki, K. Ogura, and K. Yamaguchi. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 37, 2082 (1998); T. Nabeshima, A. Hashiguchi, S. Yazawa, T. Haruyama, and Y. Yano, J. Org. Chem., 63, 2788 (1998); A. W. Schwabacher, A. D. Stefanescu, and A. ur Rehman, J. Org. Chem., 64, 1784 (1999); R. Vilar, D. M. P. Mingos, A. J. P. White, and D. J. Williams, Chem. Commun., 1999, 229.
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