Diaphyseal cross-sectional geometry of Near Eastern Middle Palaeolithic humans: The femur

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 409-424

  Trinkaus, Erik ^a,b   Ruff, Christopher B ^c  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITÉ BORDEAUX 1   (France)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Femur; Human palaeontology; Modern humans; Neandertals

Indexed keywords

PALEOLITHIC;

EID: 0033117498     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jasc.1998.0343     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Abbott, S., Trinkaus, E. & Burr, D. B. (1996). Dynamic bone remodeling in later Pleistocene fossil hominids. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 99, 585-601.
2. Anderson, J. Y. & Trinkaus, E. (1998). Patterns of sexual, bilateral and inter-populational variation in human femoral neck-shaft angles. Journal of Anatomy (London) 192, 279-285.
3. Baba, H. & Endo, B. (1982). Postcranial skeleton of the Minatogawa man. In (H. Suzuki & K. Hanihara, Eds) The Minatogawa Man. The Upper Pleistocene Man from the Island of Okinawa. Bulletin of the University Museum, University of Tokyo 19, 61-195
4. Bar Yosef, O. (1993). The role of western Asia in modern human origins. In (M. J. Aitken, C. B. Stringer & P. A. Mellars, Eds) The Origin of Modern Humans and the Impact of Chronometric Dating. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 132-147.
5. Bar-Yosef, O. & Pilbeam, D. (1993). Dating hominid remains. Nature 366, 415.
6. Binford, L. R. (1982). The archaeology of place. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 1, 5-31.
7. Cowin, S. C. (1989). The mechanical properties of cortical bone tissue. In (S. C. Cowin, Ed.) Bone Mechanics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 97-127.
8. Endo, B. & Kimura, T. (1970). Postcranial skeleton of the Amud man. In (H. Suzuki & F. Takai, Eds) The Amud Man and his Cave Site. Tokyo: Academic Press, pp. 231-406.
9. Eschman, P. N. (1992). SLCOMM Version 1·6. Albuquerque, NM: Eschman Archeological Services.
10. Hilton, C. E. & Greaves, R. D. (1995). Mobility patterns in modern human foragers (abstract). American Journal of Physical Anthropology 20 Suppl, 111.
11. Holliday, T. W. (1995). Body Size and Proportions in the Late Pleistocene Western Old World and the Origins of Modern Humans. Ph.D. Thesis, University of New Mexico.
12. Holliday, T. W. (1991a). Body proportions in Late Pleistocene Europe and modern human origins. Journal of Human Evolution 32, 423-447.
13. Holliday, T. W. (1997b). Postcranial evidence of cold adaptation in European Neandertals. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 104, 245-258.
14. Huiskes, R. (1982). On the modelling of long bones in structural analyses. Journal of Biomechanics 15, 65-69.
15. Kelly, R. (1983). Hunter-gatherer mobility strategies. Journal of Anthropological Research 39, 277-306.
16. Kimura, T. & Takahashi, H. (1992). Cross sectional geometry of the Minatogawa limb bones. In (T. Akazawa, K. Aoki & T. Kimura, Eds) The Evolution and Dispersal of Modern Humans in Asia. Tokyo: Hokusen-sha. pp. 305-320.
17. Klein, R. G. (1996). Neanderthals and modern humans in west Asia: A conference summary. Evolutionary Anthropology 4, 187-193.
18. Kuhn, S. L. (1995). Mousterian Lithic Technology: An Ecological Perspective. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
19. Lanyon, L. E. (1982). Mechanical function and bone remodeling. In (G. Sumner-Smith, Ed.) Bone in Clinical Orthopaedics. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders, pp. 273-304.
20. Levenston, M. E., Beaupré, G. S. & Van Der Meulen, M. C. H. (1994). Improved method for analysis of whole bone torsion tests. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 9, 1459-1465.
21. Lieberman, D. E. (1993). The rise and fall of seasonal mobility among hunter-gatherers. The case of the southern Levant. Current Anthropology 34, 599-631.
22. Lieberman, D. E. (1996). How and why humans grow thin skulls: Experimental evidence for systemic cortical robusticity. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 101, 217-236.
23. Lieberman, D. E. (1998). Neandertal and early modern human mobility patterns. Comparing archaeological and anatomical evidence. In (T. Akazawa, K. Aoki & O. Bar Yosef, Eds) Neanderthals and Modern Humans in West Asia. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 263-275.
24. Lieberman, D. E. & Shea, J. J. (1994). Behavioral differences between archaic and modern humans in the Levantine Mousterian. American Anthropologist 96, 300-332.
25. Matiegka, J. (1938). Homo Předmostensis. Folsilni Člověk z Předmostí na Moravě II. Prague: Česká Akademic Věd a Uměni.
26. McCown, T. D. & Keith, A. (1939). The Stone Age of Mount Carmel II. The Fossil Human Remains from the Levalloiso-Mousterian. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
27. Nagurka, M. L. & Hayes, W. C. (1980). An interactive graphics package for calculating cross-sectional properties of complex shapes. Journal of Biomechanics 13, 59-64.
28. Niewoehner, W. A., Ward, C. V. & Trinkaus, E. (1997). Pliocene and Pleistocene hominid hamulus size and robusticity (abstract). American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 24 (suppl.), 178-179.
29. Rak, Y. (1991). The pelvis. In (O. Bar Yosef & B. Vandermeersch, Eds) Le Squelette Moustérien de Kébara 2. Paris: Editions du C.N.R.S., pp. 147-156.
30. Rak, Y. (1998). Does any Mousterian cave present evidence of two hominid species? In (T. Akazawa, K. Aoki & O. Bar-Yosef, Eds) Neanderthals and Modern Humans in West Asia. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 353-366.
31. Rohlmann, A., Mössner, U., Bergmann, G. & Kölbel, R. (1982). Finite-element-analysis and experimental investigation of stresses in a femur. Journal of Biomedical Engineering 4, 241-246 .
32. Ruff, C. B. (1987). Sexual dimorphism in human lower limb bone structure: Relationship to subsistence strategy and sexual division of labor. Journal of Human Evolution 16, 396-416.
33. Ruff, C. B. (1991). Climate, body size and body shape in hominid evolution. Journal of Human Evolution 21, 81-105 .
34. Ruff, C. B. (1994). Morphological adaptation to climate in modern and fossil hominids. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology 37, 65-107.
35. Ruff, C. B. (1995). Biomechanics of the hip and birth in early Homo. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 98, 527-574.
36. Ruff, C. B. (1998). Skeletal structure and behavioral patterns of prehistoric Great Basin populations. In (B. E. Hemphill & C. S. Larsen, Eds) Understanding Prehistoric Lifeways in the Great Basin Wetlands: Bioarchaeological Reconstruction and Interpretation. Salt Lake City, UT: University Utah Press. (in press).
37. Ruff, C. B. & Hayes, W. C. (1983a). Cross-sectional geometry of Pecos Pueblo femora and tibiac - A biomechanical investigation: I. Method and general patterns of variation. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 60, 359-381.
38. Ruff, C. B. & Hayes, W. C. (1983b). Cross-sectional geometry of Pecos Pueblo femora and tibiac - A biomechanical investigation: II. Sex, age, and side differences. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 60, 383-400.
39. Ruff, C. B., Trinkaus, E. & Holliday, T. W. (1997). Body mass and encephalization in Pleistocene Homo. Nature 387, 173-176.
40. Ruff, C. B., Trinkaus, E., Walker, A. & Larsen, C. S. (1993). Postcranial robusticity in Homo I: Temporal trends and mechanical interpretations. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 91, 21-53.
41. Ruff, C. B., Walker, A. & Trinkaus, E. (1994). Postcranial robusticity in Homo, III: Ontogeny. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 93, 35-54.
42. Rybicki, E. F., Simonen, F. A. & Weis, E. B. Jr. (1972). On the mathematical analysis of stress in the human femur. Journal of Biomechanics 5, 203-215.
43. Schwarcz, H. P., Simpson, J. J. & Stringer, C. B. (1998) Neanderthal skeleton from Tabun: U-series data by gamma ray spectrometry. Journal of Human Evolution 36, 635-645.
44. Smith, R. J. (1996) Biology and body size in human evolution. Current Anthropology 37, 451-481.
45. Stefan, V. H. & Trinkaus, E. (1998). Discrete trait and dental morphometric affinities of the Tabun 2 mandible. Journal of Human Evolution 34, 443-468.
46. Stefan, V. H. & Trinkaus, E. (n.d.) La Quina 9 and Neandertal mandibular variability. Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'Anthropologie de Paris (in press).
47. Trinkaus, E. (1976). The evolution of the hominid femoral diaphysis during the Upper Pleistocene in Europe and the Near East. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie 67, 291-319.
48. Trinkaus, E. (1981). Neanderthal limb proportions and cold adaptation. In (C. B. Stringer, Ed.) Aspects of Human Evolution. London: Taylor & Francis, pp. 187-224.
49. Trinkaus, E. (1983). The Shanidar Neandertals. New York: Academic Press.
50. Trinkaus, E. (1984a). Western Asia. In (F. H. Smith & F. Spencer, Eds), The Origins of Modern Humans. New York: Alan R. Liss Inc., pp. 251-293.
51. Trinkaus, E. (1984b). Does KNM-ER 1481A establish Homo erectus at 2·0 myr BP? American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 64, 137-139.
52. Trinkaus, E. (1984c). Neandertal pubic morphology and gestation length. Current Anthropology 25, 509-514.
53. Trinkaus, E. (1986). The Neandertals and modern human origins. Annual Review of Anthropology 15, 193-218.
54. Trinkaus, E. (1992a). Morphological contrasts between the Near Eastern Qafzeh-Skhul and late archaic human samples: Grounds for a behavioral difference? In (T. Akazawa, K. Aoki & T. Kimura, Eds) The Evolution and Dispersal of Modern Humans in Asia. Tokyo: Hokusen-Sha Publishers pp. 277-294.
55. Trinkaus, E. (1992b). Paleontological perspectives on Neandertal behavior. In (M. Toussaint, Ed.) 5 Millions d'Années: L'Aventure Humaine. Études et Recherches Archéologiques de I'Université de Liège 56, 151-176.
56. Trinkaus, E. (1993a). Femoral neck-shaft angles of the Qafzeh-Skhul early modern humans, and activity levels among immature Near Eastern Middle Paleolithic hominids. Journal of Human Evolution 25, 393-416.
57. Trinkaus, E. (1993b). Comment on: D. E. Lieberman, "The rise and fall of seasonal mobility among hunter-gatherers: The case of the southern Levant". Current Anthropology 34, 620-622.
58. Trinkaus, E. (1997). Appendicular robusticity and the paleobiology of modern human emergence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 94, 13367-13373.
59. Trinkaus, E. (n.d.). Late Pleistocene and Holocene human remains from Paviland Cave. In (S. H. R. Aldhouse-Green, Ed.) Paviland Cave and the "Red Lady": A Definitive Report. Newport: University of Wales College, Newport & National Museums and Galleries of Wales (in press).
60. Trinkaus, E., Churchill, S. E. & Ruff, C. B. (1994). Postcranial robusticity in Homo, II: Humeral bilateral asymmetry and bone plasticity. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 93, 1-34.
61. Trinkaus, E. & Hilton, C. E. (1996). Neandertal pedal proximal phalanges: Diaphyseal loading patterns. Journal of Human Evolution 30, 399-425.
62. Trinkaus, E., Ruff, C. B. & Churchill, S. E. (1998a). Upper limb versus lower limb loading patterns among Near Eastern Middle Paleolithic hominids. In (T. Akazawa, K. Aoki & O. Bar Yosef, Eds) Neanderthals and Modern Humans in West Asia. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 391-404.
63. Trinkaus, E., Ruff, C. B., Churchill, S. E. & Vandermeersch, B. (1998b). Locomotion and body proportions of the Saint-Césaire 1 Châtelperronian Neandertal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 95, 5836-5840.
64. Vandermeersch, B. (1981). Les Hommes Fossiles de Qafzeh (Israël). Paris: Editions du C.N.R.S.