Examination of the immunomodulatory properties and the effect on disease resistance of dietary bovine lactoferrin and vitamin C fed to atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for a short-term period

Fish and Shellfish Immunology

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 95-107

  Lygren, Bjarte ^a   Sveier, Harald ^b   Hjeltness, Brit ^c   Waagbø, Rune ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF NUTRITION   (Norway)

^b NorAqua Innovation AS   (Norway)

^c INSTITUTE OF MARINE RESEARCH   (Norway)

Author keywords

Atlantic salmon; Bovine lactoferrin; Dietary vitamin C; Diseas resistance; Immunomodulation

Indexed keywords

AEROMONAS SALMONICIDA; BOVINAE; INFECTIOUS SALMON ANEMIA VIRUS; SALMO SALAR;

EID: 0033074694     PISSN: 10504648     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/fsim.1998.0179     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Abe, H. (1991). Heat stability of bovine lactoferrin at acidic pH. Journal of Dairy Sciences 74, 65-71.
2. Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology 105, 121-126.
3. Amberuso, D. R. & Johnston, R. B., Jr. (1981). Lactoferrin enhances hydroxyl radical production by human neutrophils, neutrophil particulate fractions and an enzymatic generating system. Journal of Clinical Investigation 67, 352-360.
4. Austreng, E, Storbakken, T & Åsgård, T. (1987). Growth rate estimates for cultured Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout. Aquaculture 60, 157-160.
5. Box, G. E. P., Hunter, W. G. & Hunter, J. S. (1978). Statistics for Experimenters. An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building, pp. 374-418. New York: Wiley.
6. Christie, K. E., Hjeltnes, B., Uglenes, I. & Winton, J. R. (1993). Determination of buoyant density and sensitivity to chloroform and freon for the etiological agent of infective salmon anemia. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 15, 225-228.
7. Ellis, A. E. (1990). Lysozyme assays. In Techniques in Fish Immunology (J. S. Stolen, T. C. Fletcher, D. P. Anderson, B. S. Robersen & W. B. Van Muiswinkel eds) pp. 101-104. Fair Haven, U.S.A.: SOS Publications,
8. Hardie, L. J., Fletcher, T. C. & Secombes, C. J. (1991). The effect of vitamin C on the immune response of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) Aquaculture 95, 201-214.
9. Ingram, G. A. (1990). Complement-fixation test. In Techniques in Fish Immunology (J. S. Stolen, T. C. Fletcher, D. P. Anderson, B. S. Robersen & W. B. Van Muiswinkel eds) pp 25-44. Fair Haven, U.S.A.: SOS Publications.
10. Julshamn, K., Haugsnes, J. & Utne, F. (1978). The contents of 14 major and minor elemants (minerals) in Norwegian fish species and fish species and fish biproducts, determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Fiskeridirektoratets Skrifter, Serie Ernæring 1, 117-135.
11. Kakuta, I. (1996a). Positive effects of orally administrated bovine lactoferrin against experimental infection of goldfish Carassius auratus with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Suisanzoshoku 44, 427-432.
12. Kakuta, I. (1996b). Effects of orally administrated bovine lactoferrin on growth and blood properties of goldfish. Suisanzoshoku 44, 419-426.
13. Kakuta, I., Kurokura, H., Nakamura, H. & Yamauchi, K. (1996) Enhancement of the nonspecific defence activity of the skin mucus of red sea bream by oral administration of bovine lactoferrin. Suisanzoshoku 44, 197-202.
14. Kakuta, I. (1997). Suppression of stress reactions of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, reared at high density by oral administration of bovine lactoferrin. Suisanzoshoku 45, 345-350.
15. Lall, S. P., Olivier, G., Weerakoon, D. E. M. & Hines, J. A. (1989). The effect of vitamin C deficiency and excess on immune response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Proceedings of The Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in Fish, pp. 427-441. Toba, Japan.
16. Langston, A., Bricknell, I. R. & Ellis, A. E. (1998). Iron binding capacity of the peripheral blood leucocyte lysate of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) L. In Methodology in Fish Diseases Research (A. C. Barnes, G. A. Davidson, M. P. Hiney & D. McIntosh eds) pp. 111-116. Fisheries Research Services, Aberdeen, Scotland.
17. Lima, M. F. & Kierszenbaum, F. (1985). Lactoferrin effects on phagocytic cell function. 1. Increased uptake and killing of an intracellular parasite by murine macrophages and human monocytes. Journal of Immunology 134, 4176-4183.
18. Lönnerdal, B. & Iyer, S. (1995). Lactoferrin: Molecular structure and biological function. Annual Reviews of Nutrition 15, 93-110.
19. Mancini, G., Carbonara A. O. & Heremans, J. F. (1965) Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry 2, 235-254.
20. Mathews, E. S., Warinner, J. E. & Weeks, B. A. (1990). Assays of immune functions in fish macrophages: Techniques used as indicators of environmental stress. In Techniques in Fish Immunology (J. S. Stolen, T. C. Fletcher, D. P. Anderson, B. S. Robersen & W. B. Van Muiswinkel eds) pp. 155-163. Fair Haven, U.S.A.: SOS Publications.
21. National Research Council (1993). Nutrient requirement of fish. In Nutrient Requirement of Domestic Animals Washington DC. National Academic Press.
22. Nordmo, A. (1997). Strengths and weaknesses of different challenge methods. Developments in Biochemical Standardization 90, 303-309.
23. Perraudin, J. (1991). Protéines à activés biologique: Lactoferrine et lactoperoxydasee. Connaissances Recemment Acquises Et Technologies D'obtention, Le Lait 71, 191-212.
24. Raa, J. (1996). The use of immunostimulatory substances in fish and shellfish farming. Reviews in Fisheries Science 4, 229-288.
25. Reiter, B. (1985). The biological significance of the non-immunoglobulin protective proteins in milk. In Developments in Dairy Chemistry, Vol. 3, pp. 281-336.
26. Ricker, W. E. (1979). Growth rates and models. In Fish Physiology, Vol 8 (W. S. Hoar, P. J. Brett eds) pp. 677-743. New York: Academic Press.
27. Roy, R. B., Conetta, A., & Salpeter, J. (1976). Automated fluorometric method for the determination of total vitamin C in food products. Journal of The Association of Official Analytical Chemistry 59, 1244-1250.
28. Sakai, M., Otubo, T., Atsuta, S. & Kobayashi, M. (1993). Enhancement of resistance to bacterial infection in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), by oral administration of bovine lactoferrin. Journal of Fish Diseases 16, 239-247.
29. Sakai, M., Kobayashi, M. & Yoshida, T. (1995). Activation of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, phagocytic cells by administration of bovine lactoferrin. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 110B, 755-759.
30. Sandnes, K. (1991). Vitamin C in fish nutrition - a review. Fiskeridirektoratets Skrifter, Serie ErnæRing 4, 3-32.
31. Sandnes, K., Lie, Q. & Waagbø, R. (1988). Normal ranges of some blood chemistry parameters in adult farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmon salar. Journal of Fish Biology 32, 129-136.
32. Sccombes, C. J. (1990). Isolation of salmonid macrophages and analysis of their killing activity. In Techniques in Fish Immunology (J. S. Stolen, T. C. Fletcher, D. P. Anderson, B. S. Robersen & W. B. Van Muiswinkel eds) pp. 137-154. Fair Haven, U.S.A.: SOS Publications.
33. Secombes, C. J. & Fletcher, T. C. (1992). The role of phagocytes in the protective mechanisms of fish. Annual Review of Fish Diseases 2, 53-71.
34. Totland, G. K., Hjeltnes, B. K. & Flood, P. R. (1996). Transmission of infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) through natural secretions and excretions from infected smolts of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during their presymptomatic phase. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 26, 25-31.
35. Verlhac, V. & Gabaudan, J. (1994). Influence of vitamin C on the immune system of salmonids. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25, 21-36.
36. Verlhac, V., Gabaudan, J., Obach, A., Schüep, W. & Hole, W. (1996). Influence of dietary glucan and vitamin C on non-specific and specific immune responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 143, 123-133.
37. Waagbø, R. (1994) The impact of nutritional factors on the immune system in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.: A review. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 25, 175-197.
38. Waagbø, R., Glette, J., Raa-Nilsen, E. & Sandnes, K. (1993). Dietary vitamin C, immunity and disease resistance in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 12, 61-73.
39. Wolf, K. (1963). Physiological salines for freshwater teleosts. Progressive Fish Culturist 25, 135-140.