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Volumn 5, Issue 7, 1999, Pages 2151-2162

Time-resolved dynamics of the vesicle membrane during individual exocytotic secretion events, as extracted from amperometric monitoring of adrenaline exocytosis from chromaffin cells

Author keywords

Amperometry; Exocytosis; Neurotransmitters; Secretory release; Vesicles

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN;

EID: 0033064181     PISSN: 09476539     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3765(19990702)5:7<2151::aid-chem2151>3.0.co;2-r     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (53)

References (51)
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    • 2+ stimulation see:
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    • note
    • mean = (2.2 ± 0.2) ms.
  • 22
    • 0001169748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For different applications of the method in exocytotic vesicular events see for example
    • a) For a review of the principle of artificial synapses see: C. Amatore, C.R. Acad. Sci. Ser. IIb 1996, 323, 757. For different applications of the method in exocytotic vesicular events see for example:
    • (1996) C.R. Acad. Sci. Ser. IIb , vol.323 , pp. 757
    • Amatore, C.1
  • 27
    • 0032525142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For application to other biological events see for example
    • f) E. H. Jaffe, A. Marty, A. Schulte, R. H. Chow, J. Neurosci. 1998, 18, 3548. For application to other biological events see for example:
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 3548
    • Jaffe, E.H.1    Marty, A.2    Schulte, A.3    Chow, R.H.4
  • 34
    • 0039025591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • However, if the pH were lower and/or the time scale of diffusion shorter, a one-electron process might have to be considered instead, because the oxidation may stop at the level of the first cation radical intermediate since this has no time to deprotonate to yield the easily oxidizable phenoxy radical whose oxidation gives rise to the second electron exchange.
  • 39
    • 6544224678 scopus 로고
    • Eds.: I. Prigogine, S. Rice, Wiley, New York
    • b) however, this swelling is known to depend on the charge of the countercation for a polyanionic backbone, the gel being more compact the larger the positive charge. See e.g.: J. L. Barrat, J. F. Joanny, in Advances in Chemical Physics, Vol. XCIV (Eds.: I. Prigogine, S. Rice), Wiley, New York, 1966, p. 1 ff.
    • (1966) Advances in Chemical Physics , vol.94
    • Barrat, J.L.1    Joanny, J.F.2
  • 42
    • 0026349104 scopus 로고
    • In the present case, adrenaline is a monocation and is presumably replaced by protons and other monovalent cations present in the extracellular medium. However, one must take into account that (although the exact structure of the polyelectrolyte complex is still unknown) the adrenaline cation is prone to form several strong hydrogen bonds to the carboxylate and other groups of the peptidic backbone, while the monovalent ions should only counterbalance the carboxylate charge and therefore give rise to dipole - dipole repulsion between the protonated or ion-paired carboxylate groups. Instead, exchange of the adrenaline cation by polycharged cations is expected to contract the matrix. This has indeed been reported for trivalent ions: for example, the lanthanum trication induces a measurable contraction of the matrix. See: M. J. Curran, M. S. Brodwick, J. Gen. Physiol. 1991, 98, 771.
    • (1991) J. Gen. Physiol. , vol.98 , pp. 771
    • Curran, M.J.1    Brodwick, M.S.2
  • 43
    • 0040209561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • -1 depending on the extracellular medium composition), and that ii) the released flux correlates with the granule swelling. Nevertheless, neither of these facts disagrees with diffusion-controlled swelling and diffusion-controlled release as we advocate. Moreover, if the diffusivity of serotonin can be determined in their experiments, it means that diffusion of serotonin is the rate-determining step.
  • 45
    • 0039025588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • exp, albeit of lesser magnitude than in Figure 5b. Inspection of the ca. 600 spikes that have been treated show that ca. two thirds of the amperometric traces that do not show an obvious foot component (viz., ≃ 70-80% of the events) present this characteristic feature of a foot release merged with the rising part of the spike release. Since this indicates that the foot release occurred for ≃0.5-1 ms for these events, this validates a posteriori our evaluation of an average of ca. 2 ms duration for a foot release under our conditions.
  • 46
    • 0040209560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2+ under our conditions) to the pore entrance, so that in the vesicle matrix, exchange of the adrenaline cation should occur mainly by monovalent ions [note that Eq. (1) indicates that two protons are produced in the artificial synaptic gap per adrenaline cation detected]. Since the alteration energy per exchanged site in the matrix is expected to be larger when the exchange involves monovalent ions rather than divalent ones (see refs. [12b, 13]), the fact that we observe shorter foot releases than in patch-clamp experiments is perfectly consistent with our considerations on the transition between foot and spike release.
  • 48
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    • Flammarion Médecine-Sciences, Paris
    • J. P. Dadoune, in Histologie, Flammarion Médecine-Sciences, Paris, 1990, pp. 174-176.
    • (1990) Histologie , pp. 174-176
    • Dadoune, J.P.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.