Selective lack of growth hormone (GH) response to the GH-releasing peptide hexarelin in patients with GH-releasing hormone receptor deficiency

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

Volumn 84, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 956-959

  Maheshwari, Hiralal G ^a   Rahim, Asad ^b   Shalet, Stephen M ^b   Baumann, Gerhard ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CHRISTIE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORTICOTROPIN; GROWTH HORMONE; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR; HEXARELIN; HORMONE RECEPTOR; HYDROCORTISONE; PROLACTIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CORTICOTROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG POTENTIATION; DWARFISM; GENE MUTATION; GROWTH HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY; GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE; HORMONAL THERAPY; HORMONE RECEPTOR INTERACTION; HORMONE RESISTANCE; HORMONE RESPONSE; HUMAN; HYDROCORTISONE BLOOD LEVEL; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MALE; MOLECULAR INTERACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROLACTIN BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 0033032864     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.84.3.956     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bowers CY. 1996 Xenobiotic growth hormone secretagogues: growth hormone releasing peptides. In: Bercu BB, Walker RF, eds. Growth hormone secretagogues. New York: Springer-Verlag; 9-28.
2. Camanni F, Ghigo E, Arvat E. 1998 Growth hormone-releasing peptides and their analogs. Front Neuroendocrinol. 19:47-72.
3. Smith RG, Van der Ploeg LHT, Howard AD, et al. 1997 Peptidomimetic regulation of growth hormone secretion. Endocr Rev. 18:621-645.
4. Howard AD, Feighner SD, Cully DF, et al. 1996 A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release. Science. 273:974-977.
5. Bowers CY. 1998 Synergistic release of growth hormone by GHRP and GHRH: scope and implication. In: Bercu BB, Walker RF, eds. Growth hormone secretagogues in clinical practice. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1-25.
6. Bowers CY, Reynolds GA, Durham D, Barrera CM, Pezzoli SS, Thorner MO. 1990 Growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide stimulates GH release in normal men and acts synergistically with GH-releasing hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 70:975-982.
7. Wu D, Chen C, Katoh K, Zhang J, Clarke IJ. 1994 The effect of GH-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2 or KP 102) on GH secretion from primary cultured ovine pituitary cells can be abolished by a specific GH-releasing factor (GRF) receptor antagonist. J Endocrinol. 140:R9-R13.
8. Popovic V, Damjanovic S, Micic D, Djurovic M, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF. 1995 Blocked growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP-6)-induced GH secretion and absence of synergic action of GHRP-6 plus GH-releasing hormone in patients with hypothalamopituitary disconnection: evidence that GHRP-6 main action is exerted at the hypothalamic level. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 80:942-947.
9. Baumann G, Maheshwari H. 1997 The Dwarfs of Sindh: severe growth hormone (GH) deficiency caused by a mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. Acta Paediatr. 423(Suppl):33-38.
10. Maheshwari HG, Silverman BL, Dupuis J, Baumann G. 1998 Phenotype and genetic analysis of a syndrome caused by an inactivating mutation in the growth hormone releasing hormone receptor: dwarfism of Sindh. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83:4065-4074.
11. Wajnrajch MP, Gertner JM, Harbison MD, Chua SC Jr, Leibel RL. 1996 Nonsense mutation in the human growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor causes growth failure analogous to the little (lit) mouse. Nat Genet. 12:88-90.
12. Netchine I, Talon P, Dastot F, Vitaux F, Goossens M, Amselem S. 1998 Extensive phenotypic analysis of a family with growth hormone (GH) deficiency caused by a mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83:432-436.
13. Ghigo E, Arvat E, Gianotti L, et al. 1994 Growth hormone-releasing activity of hexarelin, a new synthetic hexapeptide, after intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal, and oral administration in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 78:693-698.
14. Toogood AA, O'Neill PA, Shalet SM. 1996 Beyond the somatopause: growth hormone deficiency in adults over the age of 60 years. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 81:460-465.
15. Arvat E, Gianotti L, Grottoli S, et al. 1994 Arginine and growth hormone-releasing hormone restore the blunted growth hormone-releasing activity of hexarelin in elderly subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 79:1440-1443.
16. Arvat E, Gianotti L, Di Vito L, et al. 1995 Modulation of growth hormone-releasing activity of hexarelin in man. Neuroendocrinology. 61:51-56.
17. Ghigo E, Arvat E, Ramunni J. 1997 Adrenocorticotropin- and cortisol-releasing effect of hexarelin, a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide, in normal subjects and Cushing's syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 82:2439-2444.
18. Arvat E, Ramunni J, Bellone J, et al. 1997 The GH, prolactin, ACTH and cortisol responses to Hexarelin, a synthetic hexapeptide, undergo different age-related variations. Eur J Endocrinol. 137:635-642.
19. Arvat E, Di Vito L, Maccagno B, et al. 1997 Effects of GHRP-2 and hexarelin, two synthetic GH-releasing peptides, on GH, prolactin, ACTH, and cortisol levels in man. Comparison with the effects of GHRH, TRH and hCRH. Peptides. 18:885-891.
20. Massoud AF, Hindmarsh PC, Brook CG. 1996 Hexarelin-induced growth hormone, cortisol, and prolactin release: a dose-response study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 81:4338-4341.
21. Adams EF, Petersen B, Lei T, Buchfelder M, Fahlbusch R. 1995 The growth hormone secretagogue, L-692,429, induces phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and hormone secretion by human pituitary tumors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 208:555-561.
22. Hickey GJ, Drisko J, Faidley T, et al. 1996 Mediation by the central nervous system is critical to the in vivo activity of the GH secretagogue L-692,585. J Endocrinol. 148:371-380.
23. Thomas GB, Fairhall KM, Robinson ICAF. 1997 Activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis by the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue, GH-releasing peptide-6, in rats. Endocrinology. 138:1585-1591.
24. Conley LK, Teik JA, Deghenghi R, Imbimbo BP, Giustina A, Locatelli V, Wehrenberg WB. 1995 Mechanism of action of hexarelin and GHRP-6: analysis of the involvement of GHRH and somatostarin in the rat. Neuroendocrinology. 61:44-50.
25. 2 on GH release in conscious, freely moving male rats. Neuroendocrinology. 63:198-206.
26. Pandya N, DeMott-Friberg R, Bowers CY, Barkan AL, Jaffe CA. 1998 Growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide-6 requires endogenous hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone for maximal GH stimulation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83:1186-1189.
27. Godfrey P, Rahal JO, Beamer WG, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Mayo KE. 1993 GHRH receptor of little mice contains a missense mutation in the extracellular domain that disrupts receptor function. Nat Genet. 4:227-232.
28. Lin SC, Lin CR, Gukovsky I, Lusis AJ, Sawchenko PE, Rosenfeld MG. 1993 Molecular basis of the little mouse phenotype and implications for cell type-specific growth. Nature. 364:208-213.
29. Jansson J-O, Downs TR, Beamer WG, Frohman LA. The dwarf 'little' mouse is resistant to growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide (GH-RP-6) as well as to GH-releasing hormone (GRH). Proc of the 68th Annual Meet of The Endocrine Soc. 1986; 130.
30. Dickson SL, Doutrelant-Viltart O, Leng G. 1995 GH-deficient dw/dw rats and lit/lit mice show increased Fos expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus following systemic injection of GH-releasing peptide-6. J Endocrinol. 146:519-526.
31. Wilson DB, Wyatt DP, Gadler RM, Baker CA. 1988 Quantitative aspects of growth hormone cell maturation in the normal and little mutant mouse. Acta Anat. 131:150-155.
32. Cheng TC, Beamer WG, Phillips JA III, Bartke A, Mallone RL, Dowling C. 1983 Etiology of growth hormone deficiency in Little, Ames, and Snell dwarf mice. Endocrinology. 113:1669-1678.
33. Clark RG, Robinson ICAF. 1985 Effects of a fragment of human growth hormone-releasing factor in normal and "Little" mice. J Endocrinol. 106: 1-5.
34. Jansson J-O, Downs TR, Beamer WG, Frohman LA. 1986 Receptor-associated resistance to growth hormone-releasing factor in dwarf "little" mice. Science. 232:511-512.