Effect of interleukin-2 on the pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy

Nature Medicine

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 651-655

  Chun, Tae Wook ^a   Engel, Delphine ^a   Mizell, Stephanie B ^a   Hallahan, Claire W ^a   Fischette, Maria ^b   Park, Sohee ^c   Davey Jr , Richard T ^a   Dybul, Mark ^a   Kovacs, Joseph A ^a   Metcalf, Julia A ^a   Mican, JoAnn M ^a   Berrey, M Michelle ^d   Corey, Lawrence ^d   Lane, H Clifford ^a   Fauci, Anthony S ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; DELAVIRDINE; DIDANOSINE; INDINAVIR; INTERLEUKIN 2; LAMIVUDINE; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

ARTICLE; CELL CULTURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; HELPER CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LYMPH NODE BIOPSY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUBCUTANEOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; VIRUS ISOLATION; VIRUS REPLICATION;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS; HIV-1; HUMANS; INTERLEUKIN-2; LYMPH NODES; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; RNA, VIRAL; VIRUS REPLICATION;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; RNA VIRUSES;

EID: 0033031218     PISSN: 10788956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/9498     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Gulick, R.M. et al. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 337, 734-739 (1997).
2. Hammer, S.M. et al. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team. N. Engl. J. Med. 337, 725-733 (1997).
3. Palella, F.J. Jr. et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N. Engl. J. Med. 338, 853-860 (1998).
4. Chun, T.W. et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 13193-13197 (1997).
5. Finzi, D. et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science 278, 1295-1300 (1997).
6. Wong, J.K. et al. Recovery of replication-competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science 278, 1291-1295 (1997).
7. de Jong, M.D. et al. Overshoot of HIV-1 viraemia after early discontinuation of antiretroviral treatment. AIDS 11, F79-84 (1997).
8. Cohen, O.J. & Fauci, A.S. HIV/AIDS in 1998-gaining the upper hand? J. Am. Med. Assoc. 280, 87-88 (1998).
9. Cohen, J. Exploring how to get at - and eradicate - hidden HIV. Science 279, 1854-1855 (1998).
10. Ho, D.D. Toward HIV eradication or remission: the tasks ahead. Science 280, 1866-1867 (1998).
11. Chun, T.W., Engel, D., Mizell, S.B., Ehler, L.A. & Fauci, A.S. Induction of HIV-1 replication in latently infected CD4+ T cells using a combination of cytokines. J. Exp. Med. 188, 83-91 (1998).
12. Schrager, L.K. & D'Souza, M.P. Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-1 in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 280, 67-71 (1998).
13. Kovacs, J.A. et al. Increases in CD4 T lymphocytes with intermittent courses of interleukin- 2 in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. A preliminary study. N. Engl. J. Med. 332, 567-575 (1995).
14. Kovacs, J.A. et al. Controlled trial of interleukin-2 infusions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. N. Engl. J. Med. 335, 1350-1356 (1996).
15. Jacobson, E.L., Pilaro, F. & Smith, K.A. Rational interleukin 2 therapy for HIV positive individuals: daily low doses enhance immune function without toxicity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10405-10410 (1996).
16. Davey, R.T. Jr. et al. Subcutaneous administration of interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons. J. Infect. Dis. 175, 781-789 (1997).
17. Carr, A. et al. Outpatient continuous intravenous interleukin-2 or subcutaneous, polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. Australian IL-2 Study Group. J. Infect. Dis. 178, 992-999 (1998).
18. Kelleher, A.D. et al. Effects of IL-2 therapy in asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals on proliferative responses to mitogens, recall antigens and HIV-related antigens. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 113, 85-91 (1998).
19. Simonelli, C. et al. Interleukin-2 in combination with zidovudine and didanosine is able to maintain high levels of CD4 cells and undetectable HIV viraemia. AIDS 12, 112-113 (1998).
20. Witzke, O. et al. Comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 treatment in HIV disease. J. Intern. Med. 244, 235-240 (1998).
21. Pawelec, G. et al. Clinical trial of natural human lymphocyte-derived interleukin 2 in cancer patients: effects on cytokine production and suppressor cell status. Biotherapy 3, 309-318 (1991).
22. McIntyre, C.A. et al. Treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma with recombinant human interleukin-2: analysis of cytokine levels in sera and culture supernatants. Eur. J. Cancer. 28, 58-63 (1992).
23. Weidmann, E., Bergmann, L., Stock, J., Kirsten, R. & Mitrou, P.S. Rapid cytokine release in cancer patients treated with interleukin-2. J. Immunother. 12, 123-131 (1992).
24. Chun, T.W. et al. Early establishment of a pool of latently infected, resting CD4(+) T cells during primary HIV-1 infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 8869-8873 (1998).
25. Chun, T.W. et al. Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection. Nature 387, 183-188 (1997).
26. Zhang, L. et al. Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication and decay of the latent reservoir in patients on seemingly effective combination antiretroviral therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. (in the press).
27. Bich-Thuy, L.T. et al. Direct activation of human resting T cells by IL 2: the role of an IL 2 receptor distinct from the Tac protein. J. Immunol. 139, 1550-1556 (1987).
28. Unutmaz, D., Pileri, P. & Abrignani, S. Antigen-independent activation of naive and memory resting T cells by a cytokine combination. J. Exp Med. 180, 1159-1164 (1994).
29. Natarajan, V. et al. HIV-1 replication in patients with undetectable plasma virus receiving HAART. Lancet 353, 119-120 (1999).
30. Cavert, W. & Haase, A.T. A national tissue bank to track HIV eradication and immune reconstruction. Science 280, 1865-1866 (1998).
31. Myers, L.E., McQuay, L.J. & Hollinger, F.B. Dilution assay statistics. J. Clin. Microbiol. 32, 732-739 (1994).