Bird rejection of unhealthy fruits reinforces the mutualism between juniper and its avian dispersers

Oikos

Volumn 85, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 536-544

  García, Daniel ^a   Zamora, Regino ^a   Gómez, José M ^a   Hódar, José A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AVES; GALLIFORMES; HEXAPODA; INSECTA; JUNIPERUS; JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS;

EID: 0033000320     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3546703     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Allen, R. B. and Lee, W. G. 1992. Fruit selection by birds in relation to fruit abundance and appearance in the naturalised shrub Berberis darwinii. - N. Z. J. Bot. 30: 121-124.
2. Borowicz, V. A. 1988. Do vertebrates reject decaying fruits? An experimental test with Cornus amomum fruits. - Oikos 53: 74-78.
3. Bossema, I. 1979. Jays and oaks: an ecological study of a symbiosis. - Behaviour 70: 1-117.
4. Buchholz, R. and Levey, D. J. 1990. The evolutionary triad of microbes, fruits, and seed dispersers: an experiment in fruit choice by cedar waxwings, Bombycilla cedrorum. Oikos 59: 200-204.
5. Burger, A. E. 1987. Fruiting and frugivory of Cornus canadensis in boreal forest in Newfoundland. Oikos 49: 3-10.
6. Cipollini, M. L. and Stiles, E. W. 1993. Fruit rot, antifungal defense, and palatability of fleshy fruits for frugivorous birds. Ecology 74: 751-762.
7. Courtney, S. P. and Manzur, M. I. 1985. Fruiting and fitness in Crataegus monogyna: the effects of frugivores and seed predators. - Oikos 44: 398-406.
8. Christensen, K. M. and Whitham, T. G. 1991. Indirect herbivore mediation of avian seed dispersal in pinyon pine. Ecology 72: 534-542.
9. Dixon, M. D., Johnson, W. C. and Adkisson, C. S. 1997. Effects of weevil larvae on acorn use by blue jays. Oecologia 111: 201-208.
10. García, D. 1997. Efecto de las plagas en la interacción mutualista entre plantas y aves dispersantes: el caso del enebro Juniperus communis L. en Sierra Nevada. Ms. Dissertation. Univ. of Granada, Granada.
11. García, D. 1998. Interaction between juniper Juniperus communis L. and its fruit pest insects: pest abundance, fruit characteristics and seed viability. - Acta Oecol. 19: 517-525.
12. a Conf. Int. Sierra Nevada: Conservación y Desarrollo Sostenible, Univ. of Granada, Granada, vol II: 441-453.
13. Herrera, C. M. 1982. Defense of ripe fruit from pests: its significance in relation to plant-disperser interactions. Am. Nat. 120: 219-241.
14. Herrera, C. M. 1984. Avian interference of insect frugivory: an exploration into the plant-bird-fruit pest evolutionary triad. Oikos 42: 203-210.
15. Herrera, C. M. 1985. Habitat-consumer interaction in frugivorous birds. - In: Cody, M. L. (ed.), Habitat selection in birds Academic press, New York, pp. 341-365.
16. Herrera, C. M. 1989. Vertebrate frugivores and their interaction with invertebrate fruit predators: supporting evidence from a Costa Rican dry forest. Oikos 54: 185-188.
17. Herrera, C. M. 1995. Plant-vertebrate seed dispersal systems in the Mediterranean: ecological, evolutionary, and historical determinants. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 26: 705-727.
18. Howe, H. F. and Westley, L. C. 1988. Ecological relationships between plants and animals. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
19. Hubbard, J. A. and McPherson, G. R. 1997. Acorn selection by Mexican jays: a test of a tri-trophic symbiotic relationship hypothesis. - Oecologia 110: 143-146.
20. Janzen, D. H. 1971. Seed predation by animals. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2: 465-492.
21. Janzen, D. H. 1977. Why fruit rot, seeds mold, and meat spoils. Am. Nat. 111: 691-713.
22. Janzen, D. H. 1985. On ecological fitting. - Oikos 45: 308-310.
23. Jordano, P. 1987. Avian fruit removal: effects of fruit variation, crop size, and insect damage. Ecology 68: 1711-1723.
24. Jordano, P. 1992. Fruits and Frugivory. In: Fenner, M. (ed.), Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities, C.A.B. International, London, pp. 105-156.
25. Jordano, P. 1993. Geographical ecology and variation of plant seed disperser interactions: southern Spanish junipers and frugivorous thrushes. - In: Fleming, T. H. and Estrada, A. (eds), Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects. Vegetatio 107-108: 85-104.
26. Jordano, P. and Herrera, C. M. 1995. Shuffling the offspring: uncoupling and spatial discordance of multiple stages in vertebrate seed dispersal. Ecoscience 2: 230-237.
27. Kosztarab, M. and Kozar, K. 1989. Scale insects of central Europe. - Academiai Kiadó, Budapest.
28. Krischik, V., McCloud, E. S. and Davidson, J. A. 1989. Selective avoidance by vertebrate frugivores of green holly berries infested with a cecidomyiid fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). - Am. Midl. Nat. 121: 350-354.
29. Manzur, M. I. and Courtney, S. P. 1984. Influence of insect damage in fruits of hawthorn on bird foraging and seed dispersal. - Oikos 43: 265-270.
30. McPherson, J. M. 1987. A field study of winter fruit preferences of cedar waxwings. - Condor 89: 293-306.
31. McPherson, J. M. 1988. Preferences of cedar waxgings in the laboratory for fruit species, colour and size: a comparison with field observations. - Anim. Behav. 36: 961-969.
32. Molero, J., Pérez, F. and Valle, F. 1992. Parque Natural de Sierra Nevada. - Ed. Rueda, Madrid.
33. Nalepa, C. A. and Piper, W. H. 1994. Bird dispersal of the larval stage of a seed predator. - Oecologia 100: 200-202.
34. Polunin, O. and Walters, M. 1985. A guide to the vegetation of Britain and Europe. - Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford.
35. Redford, K. H., Bouchardet da Fonseca, G. A. and Lacher Jr., T. E. 1984. The relationship between frugivory and insectivory in primates. Primates 25: 433-440.
36. Rice, W. R. 1989. Analyzing tables of statistical test. -Evolution 43: 223-225.
37. Roques, A. 1983. Les insectes ravageurs des cônes et graines des conifères en France. - INRA, Versailles.
38. Roques, A. 1989. New results and some thinkings about significance and induction of prolonged diapause in cone insects with particular references to the larch cone fly (Lassioma melania) and to the Douglas-fir seed chalcid (Megastigmus spermotrophus). - In: Miller G. E. (ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd Cone and Seed Insects Working Party Conference (IUFRO S2.07-01), Victoria: 1988, Victoria. For. Can. Pacific For. Cent., pp. 64-81.
39. Roques, A., Raimbault, J. P. and Goussard, F. 1984. La colonisation des cônes et des galbules des genévriers méditerranéens par les insectes et acariens et son influence sur les possibilités de régénération naturelle de ces essences. -Ecol. Medit. 10: 147-169.
40. Sallabanks, R. 1993. Hierarchical mechanisms of fruit selection by an avian frugivore. - Ecology 74: 1326-1336.
41. Sallabanks, R. and Courtney, S. P. 1992. Frugivory, seed predation, and insect-vertebrate interactions. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 37: 377-400.
42. Scott, J. K. and Black, R. 1981. Selective predation by white-tailed black cockatoos on fruit of Banksia attenuata containing the seed-eating weevil Alphitopis nivea. - Aust. Wild. Res. 8: 421-430.
43. Sork, V. L. and Boucher, D. H. 1977. Dispersal of sweet pignut hickory in a year of low fruit production, and the influence of predation by a Curculionid beetle. - Oecologia 28: 289-299.
44. Stiles, E. W. 1980. Patterns of fruit presentation and seed-dispersal in bird-disseminated woody plants in the eastern deciduous forest. - Am. Nat. 116: 670-688.
45. Toy, R. J., Marshall, A. G. and Pong, T. Y. 1992. Fruiting phenology and the survival of insect fruit predators: a case study from the south-east Asian Dipterocarpaceae. -Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 335: 417-423.
46. Traveset, A. 1992. Effect of vertebrate frugivores on bruchid beetles that prey on Acacia farnesiana seeds. - Oikos 63: 200-206.
47. Traveset, A. 1993. Weak interactions between avian and insect frugivores: the case of Pistacia terebinthus L. (Anacardiaceae). - In: Fleming, T. H. and Estrada, A. (eds), Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects. Vegetatio 107-108: 191-203.
48. Traveset, A., Willson, M. F. and Gaither, J. C. 1995. Avoidance by birds of insect-infested fruits of Vaccinium ovalifolium. - Oikos 73: 381-386.
49. Valburg, L. K. 1992a. Feeding preferences of common bushtanagers for insect-infested fruits: avoidance or attraction? - Oikos 65: 29-33.
50. Valburg, L. K. 1992b. Eating infested fruits: interactions in a plant-disperser-pest triad. - Oikos 65: 25-28.
51. Vikberg, V. 1966. Observations on some Finnish species of Megastigmus Dalman (Hym., Torymidae), including the biology of Megastigmus bipunctatus (Swederus). - Ann. Entomol. Fenn. 32: 309-315.
52. Whelan, C. J. and Willson, M. F. 1994. Fruit choice in migrating North American birds: field and aviary experiments. - Oikos 71: 137-151.
53. Willson, M. F. 1994. Fruit choices by captive American robins. - Condor 96: 494-502.
54. Zamora, R. 1990a. The fruit diet of ring-ouzels (Turdus torquatus) wintering in Sierra Nevada (South-East Spain). - Alauda 58: 67-70.
55. Zamora, R. 1990b. Seasonal variations of a passerine community in a Mediterranean high-mountain. - Ardeola 37: 219-228.
56. Zar, J. H. 1996. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.