Framing effects in choices between multioutcome life-expectancy lotteries

Medical Decision Making

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 324-338

  Bernstein, Lionel M ^a   Chapman, Gretchen B ^a   Elstein, Arthur S ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Framing effects; Life expectancy; Multioutcome lotteries; Preference reversal; Prospect theory; Segregated and integrated editing; Utility functions

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; DRUG PREFERENCE; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; LIFE EXPECTANCY; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING;

EID: 0032989406     PISSN: 0272989X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0272989X9901900311     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Weinstein MC, Fineberg HV. Clinical Decision Analysis. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders, 1980.
2. Kassirer JP, Moskowitz AG, Lau J, Pauker SG. Decision analysis: a progress report. Ann Intern Med. 1994;106:275-91.
3. Pauker SG, Kassirer JP. Decision analysis. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:250-8.
4. Pauker SG. Clinical decision making. In: Wyngaarden JB, Smith LH Jr (eds). Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W. B. Saunders, 1988:74-9.
5. Sox HC Jr, Blatt MA, Higgens MC, Marton KI. Medical Decision Making. Boston, MA: Butterworths, 1988.
6. Lopes L. Decision making in the short run. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1981;7:377-85.
7. Lopes L. Re-modeling risk aversion: a comparison of Bernoullian and rank dependent value approaches. In: von Furstenberg G (ed). Acting Under Uncertainty: Multidisciplinary Conceptions. Boston, MA: Kluwer, 1990.
8. Schoemaker P. Experiments on Decisions Under Risk: The Expected Utility Hypothesis, Boston, MA: Martinus Nijhoff, 1980.
9. Kahneman D, Tversky A. Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica. 1979;47:263-91.
10. Kahneman D, Tversky A. The psychology of preferences. Sci Am. 1982;248(4):161-9.
11. Tversky A, Kahneman D. The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science. 1981;211:453-8.
12. Tversky A, Kahneman D. Rational choice and the framing of decisions. J Bus. 1986;59:S258-78.
13. McNeil B, Pauker SG, Sox H Jr, Tversky A. On the elicitation of preferences for alternative therapies. N Engl J Med. 1982; 306:1259-62.
14. Tversky A, Kahneman D. Advances in prospect theory: cumulative representation of uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. 1992;5:297-323.
15. Hershey J, Schoemaker P. Prospect theory's reflection hypothesis: a critical examination. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proc. 1980;25:395-418.
16. Schneider S, Lopes L. Reflection in preferences under risk: who and when may suggest why. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1986;12:535-48.
17. Cohen M, Jaffray J, Said T. Experimental comparison of individual behavior under risk and under uncertainty for gains and losses. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proc. 1987;39:1-22.
18. Budesco D, Weiss W. Reflection of transitive and intransitive preferences: a test of prospect theory. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proc. 1987;39:184-202.
19. Meyerowitz BE, Chaiken S. The effect of message framing on breast self-examination attitudes, intentions, and behavior. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987;52:500-10.
20. O'Connor A, Boyd NF, Tritchler DL, Kriukov Y, Sutherland H, Till JE. Eliciting preferences for alternative cancer drug treatments: the influence of framing, medium and rater variables. Med Decis Making. 1985;5:453-63.
21. Einhorn H, Hogarth R. Decision making under ambiguity. J Bus. 1986;59:S225-50.
22. Lopes L. Between hope and fear: the psychology of risk. In: Berkowitz L (ed). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 20. New York: Academic Press, 1987.
23. Lopes L. SP/A theory: the role of security, potential and aspiration in risky choice. Presented at Conference on Decision Under Risk: Experimental Results and New Theoretical Approaches. Paris, France, 1987.
24. Quiggin J. A theory of anticipated utility. J Econ Behavior Organization. 1982;3:323-43.
25. Battalio RC, Kagel JH, Jiranyakul K. Testing between alternative models of choice under uncertainty: some initial results. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty. 1990;3:25-50.
26. Camerer C. Recent tests of generalization of expected utility theory. In: Edwards W (ed). Utility Theories: Measurements and Applications. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.
27. Bernstein LM, Christensen C, Elstein AS. Modeling of choices between multioutcome lotteries with expected utility, prospect and cumulative prospect theories [abstr]. Med Decis Making. 1991;11:324.
28. Bernstein LM, Christensen C, Potts D, Elstein AS. Individual reflectivity and the reflection effect in choices between multioutcome lotteries [abstr]. Med Decis Making. 1992;12:336.
29. Bernstein LM, Chapman G, Potts D, Elstein AS. Effect on modeling choice between multioutcome lotteries of shape of utility and probability weighting functions [abstr]. Med Decis Making. 1993:13:380.
30. Bernstein LM, Chapman BG, Christensen C, Elstein AS. Models of choice between multioutcome lotteries. J Behav Decis Making. 1997;10:93-115.
31. Mellars BA, Schwartz A, Weber EU. Do risk attitudes reflect in the eye of the beholder? In: Marley AAJ (ed). Choice, Decision, and Measurements: Essays in Honor of R. Duncun Luce. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997:57-71.
32. Bernstein LM, Chapman GB, Elstein AS. Effect of the number of outcomes on preferences for multioutcome life expectancy lotteries: data and modeling. Presentation at the annual meeting of the Society of Medical Decision Making, October 17, 1994.
33. Bernstein LM, Chapman GB, Elstein AS. Choices between multioutcome life expectancy lotteries based on single framings may be spurious and not representative of "true preferences" [abstr]. Med Decis Making. 1995;15:435.
34. Bernstein LM, Chapman GB, Elstein AS. Framing effects occur more frequently than inferred from overall preference rates for multioutcome life expectancy lotteries [abstr]. Med Decis Making. 1996;16:471.
35. Kuhberger A. The influence of framing on risky decisions: a meta-analysis. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proc. 1998;75:23-55.
36. Levin IP, Schneider SL, Gaeth GJ. All frames are not created equal: a topology and critical analysis of framing effects. Organ Behav Hum Decis Proc. 1998;76:149-88.
37. Verhoef LCG, De Haan AFJ, Van Daal WAJ. Risk attitude in gambles with years of life. Med Decis Making. 1994;14:194-200.
38. Redelmeier D, Rozin P, Kahneman D. Understanding patients' decisions: cognitive and emotional perspectives. JAMA. 1993;270:72-6.
39. Slovic P. The construction of preference. Am Psychol. 1995; 50:364-71.
40. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:445-53.
41. Bolla M, Gonazles D, Warde P, et al. Improved survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and goserelin. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:295-301.