메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 73-80

Survival of HIV-1 in syringes

Author keywords

HIV 1 culture assays; HIV 1 viability; Injection drug use; Needle syringe exchange; Transmission

Indexed keywords

ILLICIT DRUG;

EID: 0032924543     PISSN: 10779450     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199901010-00011     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (100)

References (37)
  • 2
    • 0003397591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS surveillance report. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997.
    • (1997) HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report
  • 3
    • 0023600049 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for infection with human immunodeficiency virus among intravenous drug abusers in New York City
    • Marmor M, Des Jarlais DC, Cohen H, et al. Risk factors for infection with human immunodeficiency virus among intravenous drug abusers in New York City. AIDS 1987;1:39-44.
    • (1987) AIDS , vol.1 , pp. 39-44
    • Marmor, M.1    Des Jarlais, D.C.2    Cohen, H.3
  • 4
    • 0023100467 scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco
    • Chaisson R, Moss A, Onishi R, Osmond D, Carlson J. Human immunodeficiency virus infection in heterosexual intravenous drug users in San Francisco. Am J Public Health 1987;77:169-72.
    • (1987) Am J Public Health , vol.77 , pp. 169-172
    • Chaisson, R.1    Moss, A.2    Onishi, R.3    Osmond, D.4    Carlson, J.5
  • 5
    • 0024418326 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection in intravenous drug users
    • Schoenbaum EE, Hartel D, Selwyn PA, et al. Risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection in intravenous drug users. N Engl J Med 1989;321:874-9.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , pp. 874-879
    • Schoenbaum, E.E.1    Hartel, D.2    Selwyn, P.A.3
  • 6
    • 0002738951 scopus 로고
    • Into that whole ritual thing: Ritualistic drug use among urban American heroin addicts
    • Dutoit BM, ed. Rotterdam: Balkema
    • Agar MH. Into that whole ritual thing: ritualistic drug use among urban American heroin addicts. In Dutoit BM, ed. Drug rituals and altered states of consciousness. Rotterdam: Balkema, 1977:137-48.
    • (1977) Drug Rituals and Altered States of Consciousness , pp. 137-148
    • Agar, M.H.1
  • 7
    • 0025061894 scopus 로고
    • The limitations of the concept of needle sharing: The practice of front-loading
    • Grund J-P, Kaplan CD, Adriaans NFP, Blanken P, Huisman J. The limitations of the concept of needle sharing: the practice of front-loading. AIDS 1990;4:819-21.
    • (1990) AIDS , vol.4 , pp. 819-821
    • Grund, J.-P.1    Kaplan, C.D.2    Adriaans, N.F.P.3    Blanken, P.4    Huisman, J.5
  • 10
    • 0031023603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of HIV/ AIDS among injection drug users: A national survey on the regulation of syringes and needles
    • Gostin LO, Lazzarini Z, Jones TS, Flaherty K. Prevention of HIV/ AIDS among injection drug users: a national survey on the regulation of syringes and needles. JAMA 1997;277:53-62.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 53-62
    • Gostin, L.O.1    Lazzarini, Z.2    Jones, T.S.3    Flaherty, K.4
  • 11
    • 0027946750 scopus 로고
    • A method for evaluating needle exchange programmes
    • Kaplan EH. A method for evaluating needle exchange programmes. Stat Med 1994;13:2179-87.
    • (1994) Stat Med , vol.13 , pp. 2179-2187
    • Kaplan, E.H.1
  • 13
    • 84944284858 scopus 로고
    • Stability and inactivation of HTLV-III/LAV under clinical and experimental environments
    • Resnick L, Veren K, Salahuddin Z, Tondreau S, Markhman PD. Stability and inactivation of HTLV-III/LAV under clinical and experimental environments. JAMA 1986;255:1887-91.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.255 , pp. 1887-1891
    • Resnick, L.1    Veren, K.2    Salahuddin, Z.3    Tondreau, S.4    Markhman, P.D.5
  • 15
    • 0027509072 scopus 로고
    • Infectious decay of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in plasma
    • Moudgil T, Daar ES. Infectious decay of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in plasma. J Infect Dis 1993;167:210-12.
    • (1993) J Infect Dis , vol.167 , pp. 210-212
    • Moudgil, T.1    Daar, E.S.2
  • 16
    • 0025147124 scopus 로고
    • HIV transmission in simulated conditions of sharing of hypodermic equipment
    • Newmeyer J, Drew L, Miner R. HIV transmission in simulated conditions of sharing of hypodermic equipment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1990;3:1019-21.
    • (1990) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.3 , pp. 1019-1021
    • Newmeyer, J.1    Drew, L.2    Miner, R.3
  • 17
    • 0028284374 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary laboratory studies of inactivation of HIV-1 in needles and syringes containing infected blood using undiluted household bleach
    • Shapshak P, McCoy CB, Shah SM, et al. Preliminary laboratory studies of inactivation of HIV-1 in needles and syringes containing infected blood using undiluted household bleach. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1994;7:754-9.
    • (1994) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.7 , pp. 754-759
    • Shapshak, P.1    McCoy, C.B.2    Shah, S.M.3
  • 18
    • 0029115905 scopus 로고
    • Syringe cleaning techniques and transmission of HIV
    • Druce JD, Locarnini SA, Birch CJ. Syringe cleaning techniques and transmission of HIV. AIDS 1995;9:1105-7.
    • (1995) AIDS , vol.9 , pp. 1105-1107
    • Druce, J.D.1    Locarnini, S.A.2    Birch, C.J.3
  • 19
    • 0024724917 scopus 로고
    • Needlestick and needle-share - The difference
    • Hoffman PN, Larkin DP, Samuel D. Needlestick and needle-share - the difference. J Infect Dis 1989;160:545.
    • (1989) J Infect Dis , vol.160 , pp. 545
    • Hoffman, P.N.1    Larkin, D.P.2    Samuel, D.3
  • 20
    • 0025871572 scopus 로고
    • Bloody needles: The volume of blood transferred in simulations of needlestick injuries and shared use of syringes for injection of intravenous drugs
    • Gaughwin MD, Gowans E, Ali R, Burrell C. Bloody needles: the volume of blood transferred in simulations of needlestick injuries and shared use of syringes for injection of intravenous drugs. AIDS 1991;5:1025-7.
    • (1991) AIDS , vol.5 , pp. 1025-1027
    • Gaughwin, M.D.1    Gowans, E.2    Ali, R.3    Burrell, C.4
  • 26
    • 0026340902 scopus 로고
    • Residual blood in syringes: Size and type of syringe are important
    • Grund J-P, Stern LS. Residual blood in syringes: size and type of syringe are important. AIDS 1991;5:1532-3.
    • (1991) Aids , vol.5 , pp. 1532-1533
    • Grund, J.-P.1    Stern, L.S.2
  • 27
    • 0004291545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health
    • NIH Consensus Development Program. Interventions to prevent HIV risk behaviors. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, 1997.
    • (1997) Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors
  • 28
    • 0032125429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operation red box: A pilot project of needle and syringe drop boxes for injection drug users in East Baltimore
    • Riley E, Beilenson P, Vlahov D, et al. Operation red box: a pilot project of needle and syringe drop boxes for injection drug users in East Baltimore. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Human Retrovirol 1998;18(Suppl 1):S120-5.
    • (1998) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Human Retrovirol , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Riley, E.1    Beilenson, P.2    Vlahov, D.3
  • 29
    • 0028329904 scopus 로고
    • A circulation theory of needle exchange
    • Kaplan EH, Heimer R. A circulation theory of needle exchange. AIDS 1994;8:567-74.
    • (1994) AIDS , vol.8 , pp. 567-574
    • Kaplan, E.H.1    Heimer, R.2
  • 30
    • 0030345354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variability of HIV-1
    • Subbarao S, Schochetman G. Genetic variability of HIV-1. AIDS 1996;10(Suppl A):S13-23.
    • (1996) AIDS , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Subbarao, S.1    Schochetman, G.2
  • 31
    • 0030593031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an understanding of the correlates of protective immunity to HIV infection
    • Haynes BF, Pantaleo G, Fauci AS. Toward an understanding of the correlates of protective immunity to HIV infection. Science 1996; 271:324-8.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 324-328
    • Haynes, B.F.1    Pantaleo, G.2    Fauci, A.S.3
  • 32
    • 0031298109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV entry and tropism: The chemokine receptor connection
    • Berger EA. HIV entry and tropism: the chemokine receptor connection. AIDS 1997;11(Suppl A):S3-16.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Berger, E.A.1
  • 33
    • 17144458798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New observations on cellular immune response to HIV and T-cell epitopes
    • Gotch FM, Koup RA, Safrit JT. New observations on cellular immune response to HIV and T-cell epitopes. AIDS 1997;11(Suppl A):S99-107.
    • (1997) AIDS , vol.11 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Gotch, F.M.1    Koup, R.A.2    Safrit, J.T.3
  • 35
    • 0344385241 scopus 로고
    • How much blood is in a needlestick?
    • Napoli V, McGowan JEJ. How much blood is in a needlestick? J Infect Dis 1987;155:828.
    • (1987) J Infect Dis , vol.155 , pp. 828
    • Napoli, V.1    McGowan, J.E.J.2
  • 36
    • 0025764373 scopus 로고
    • Survival and disinfectant inactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus: A critical review
    • Sattar SA, Springthorpe VS. Survival and disinfectant inactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus: a critical review. Rev Infect Dis 1991;13:430-47.
    • (1991) Rev Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 430-447
    • Sattar, S.A.1    Springthorpe, V.S.2
  • 37
    • 0025792016 scopus 로고
    • Survival of HIV-1 activity after disinfection, temperature and pH changes, or drying
    • Tjøtta E, Hungnes O, Grinde B. Survival of HIV-1 activity after disinfection, temperature and pH changes, or drying. J Med Virol 1991;35:223-7.
    • (1991) J Med Virol , vol.35 , pp. 223-227
    • Tjøtta, E.1    Hungnes, O.2    Grinde, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.