Contact dermatitis I. Pathophysiology of contact sensitivity

European Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 65-77

  Krasteva, Maya ^a   Kehren, Jeanne ^a   Ducluzeau, Marie Thérèse ^a   Sayag, Michèle ^b   Cacciapuoti, Marco ^c   Akiba, Hitoshi ^d   Descotes, Jacques ^a   Nicolas, Jean François ^d  

^a INSERM   (France)

^b BIODERMA   (France)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

^d NONE

Author keywords

CD4+; CD8+ T cells; Contact dermatitis; Contact sensitivity; Delayed type hypersensitivity; Dendritic cells; Haptens; Langerhans cells; T cells

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; CD8 ANTIGEN; CONTACT ALLERGEN; CYTOKINE; HAPTEN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2;

ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; CONTACT DERMATITIS; CONTACT SENSITIVITY; DENDRITIC CELL; HUMAN; LANGERHANS CELL; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; SKIN INFLAMMATION; T LYMPHOCYTE;

EID: 0032918158     PISSN: 11671122     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (75)

1. Dupuis G, Benezra C. Allergic contact dermatitis to simple chemicals. Marcel Deker Inc., 1982.
2. Lepoittevin JP, Leblond I. Hapten-peptide-T cell receptor Interactions: molecular basis for the recognition of haptens by T lymphocytes. Eur J Dermatol 1997; 7: 151-4.
3. Basketter D, Dooms Goossens A, Karlberg AT, Lepoittevin JP. The chemistry of contact allergy: why is a molecule allergenic? Contact Dermatitis 1995; 32: 65-73.
4. Salogo J, Knop J, Kolde G. Ultrastructural cytochemical visualisation of chromium in the skin of sensitized guinea pigs. Arch Dermatol Res 1988; 280: 214-9.
5. Anderson C. Hehr A, Robbins R, Hasan R, Athar M, Mukhtar H, Elmets CA. Metabolic requirements for induction of contact hypersensitivity to immunotoxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. J Immunol 1995; 155: 3530-7.
6. Weltzien HU, Moulon C, Martin S, Padovan E, Hartmann U, Kohler J. T cell immune responses to haptens. Structural models for allergic and autoimmune reactions. Toxicology 1996; 107: 141-51.
7. Toews GB, Bergstresser PR, Streilein JW, Sullivan S. Epidermal Langerhans cell density determines whether contact sensitivity or unresponsiveness follows skin painting with DNFB. J Immunol 1980; 124: 445-53.
8. Lynch DH, Gurish MF, Daynes RA. Relationship between epidermal Langerhans cell density ATPase activity and the induction of contact hypersensitivity. J Immunol 1981; 126: 1892-7.
9. Woods GM, Henderson KG, Qu M, Muller HK. Processing of complex antigens and simple hapten-like molecules by epidermal Langerhans cells. J Leukoc Biol 1995; 57: 891-6.
10. Girolomoni G, Lutz MB, Pastore S, Abmann CU, Cavani A Ricciardi-Castagnoli P. Establishment of a cell line with features of early dendritic cell precursors from fetal mouse skin. Eur J Immunol 1995; 25: 2163-9.
11. + epidermal cells. J Immunol 1986; 137: 2460-7.
12. Kurimoto I, Grammer SF, Shimizu T, Nakamural T, Streilein JW. Role of F4/80(+) cells during induction of hapten-specific contact hypersensitivity. Immunology 1995; 85: 621-9.
13. Grabbe S, Steinbrink K, SteinertM, Luger TA, Schwarz T. Removal of the majority of epidermal Langerhans cells by topical or systemic steroid application enhances the effector phase of murine contact hypersensitlvity. J Immunol 1995; 155: 4207-17.
14. Frey JR, Wenk P. Experimental studies on the pathogenesis of contact eczema in the guinea pig. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1957; 11: 81-100.
15. Macatonia SE, Knight SC, Edwards AJ, Griffiths S, Fryer P. Localization of antigen on lymph nodes dendritic cells after exposure to me contact sensitizer fluorescein isothiocyanate. Functional and morphological studies. J Exp Med 1987; 166: 1654-67.
16. Kripke ML, Munn CG, Jeevan A, Tang JM, Bucana C. Evidence that cutaneous antigen- presenting cells migrate to regional lymph nodes during contact sensitizafion. J Immunol 1990; 145: 2833-8.
17. Steinman R, Hoffman L, Pope M. Maturation and migration of cutaneous dendritic cells. J Invest Dermatol 1995; 105: S2-S7.
18. Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Kimber I. Langerhans cells require signals from both tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1- beta for migration. Immunology 1997; 92: 388-95.
19. Caux C. Routes of development of human dendritic cells. Eur J Dermatol 1998; 8: 375-84.
20. Wang B, Fujisawa H, Zhuang L, Kondo S, Shivji GM, Kim CS, Mak TW, Sauder DN. Depressed Langerhans cell migration and reduced contact hypersensitivity response in mice lacking TNF receptor p75. J Immunol 1997; 159:6748-55.
21. Schwarzenberger K, Udey MC. Contact allergens and epidermal pro-inflammatory cytokines modulate Langerhans cell E-cadherin expression in situ. J Invest Dermotol 1996; 106: 553-8.
22. Aiba S, Nakagawa S, Ozawa H, Miyake K, Yagita H, Tagami H. Up-regulation of a4 integrin on activated Langerhans cells: analysis of adhesion molecules on Langerhans cells relating to their migration from skin to draining lymph nodes. J Invest Dermatol 1993; 100: 143-7.
23. Weiss JM, Sleeman J, Renkl AC, Dittmar H, Termeer CC. Taxis S, Howells N, Hofmann M, Kohler G, Scnopf E, Ponta H, Herrlich P, Simon JC. An essential role for CD44 variant isoforms in epidermal Langerhans cell and blood dendritic cell function. J Cell Biol 1997; 137: 1137-47.
24. Proudfoot AEI. The chemokine family. Potential therapeutic targets from allergy to HIV infection. Eur J Dermatol 1998; 8: 147-57.
25. Aiba S, Terunuma A, Monome H, Tagami H. Dendritic cells respond differently to haptens and irritants by their production of cytokines and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Eur J Immunol 1997; 27: 3031-8.
26. Becker D, Kolde G, Reske K, Knop J. An in vitro test for endocytotic activation of murine epidermal Langerhans cells under the influence or contact allergens. J Immunol Methods 1994; 169: 195-204.
27. Degwert J, Steckel F, Hoppe U, Kligman LH. In vitro model for contact sensitization: I. Stimulatory capacity of human blood-derived dendritic cells and their phenofypical alterations in the presence of contact sensitizers. Toxicol in Vitro 1997; 11: 613-8.
28. Becker D, Mohamadzadeh M, Reske K, Knop J. Increased level of intracellular MHC class II molecules in murine Langerhans cells following in vivo and in vitro administration of contact allergens. J Invest Dermatol 1992; 99: 545-9.
29. Becker D, Neis U, Neis S, Reske K, Knop J. Contact allergens modulate the expression of MHC class II molecules on murine epidermal Langerhans cells by endocytotic mechanisms. J Invest Dermatol 1992; 98: 700-5.
30. Aiba S, Katz SI. Phenotypic and functional characteristics of in vivo-activated Langerhans cells. J Immunol 1990; 145: 2791-6.
31. Enk AH, Katz SI. Early molecular events in the induction phase of contact sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89: 1398-402.
32. Hanau D, Fabre M, Schmitt DA, Lepoittevin JP, Stampf JL, Grosshans E, Benezra C, Cazenave JP. ATPase and morphologic changes in Langerhans cells induced by epicutaneous application of a sensitizing dos,e of DNFB. J Invest Dermatol 1989; 92: 689-94.
33. Schuler G, Steinman RM. Murine epidermal Langerhans cells mature into potent immunostimulatory dendritic cells in vitro. J Exp Med 1985; 161: 526-46.
34. Streilein JW, Grammer SF. In vitro evidence that Langerhans cells can adopt two functionally distinct forms capable of antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. J Immunol 1989; 143: 3925-33.
35. Sallusto F Lanzavecchia A. Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells is maintained by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin-4 and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Exp Med 1994; 179: 1109-18.
36. + T cells. J Immunol 1995; 154: 1232-8.
37. Kalish RS, Wood JA, LaPorte A. Processing of urushiol (poison ivy) hapten by both endogenous and exogenous pathways for presentation to T cells in vitro. J Clin Invest 1994; 93: 2039-47.
38. Moulon C, Vollmer J, Weltzien HU. Characterization of processing requirements and metal cross-reactivities in T cell clones from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel. Eur J Immunol 1995; 25: 3308-15.
39. Radovan E, Mauri-Hellweg D, Pichler WJ, Weltzien HU. T cell recognition of penicillin G: structural features determining antigenic specificity. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26: 42-8.
40. Cher DJ, Mosmann TR. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. II. Delayed-type hypersensitivity is mediated by Th1 clones. J Immunol 1987; 138: 3688-94.
41. Miller JFAP, Vadas MA, Whitelaw AM, Gamble JR. Role of major histocompatibility complex gene products in delayed-type hypersensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1976; 73: 2486.
42. + T cells in murine contact sensitivity revealed by in vivo monoclonal antibody depletion. J Immunol 1990, 144: 4121.
43. Bour H, Peyron E, Gaucherand M, Garrigue JL, Desvignes C, Kaiserlian D. Revillard JP, Nicolas JF. Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CD8(+) T cells and class II-restricted CD4(+] T cells, respectively, mediate and regulate contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene. Eur J Immunol 1995, 25: 3006-10.
44. Xu H, Diiulio NA Fairchild RL. T cell populations primed by napten sensitization in contact sensitivity are distinguished by polarized patterns of cytokine production: Interferon gamma- producing (Tc1) effector CD8(+) T cells and interleukin- (II) 4/II-10-producing (Th2) negative regulatory CD4(+) T cells. J Exp Med 1996; 183: 1001-12.
45. - dendritic cells induce hapfen-specific immune responses in vitro and in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 1997; 109: 580-5.
46. Bouloc A, Cavani A, Katz SI. Contact hypersensitivity in MHC class II-deficient mice aepends on CD8 T lymphocytes primed by immunostimulating Langerhans cells. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 111: 44-9.
47. Hauser C. Cultured epidermal Langerhans cells activate effector T cells for contact sensitivity. J Invest Dermatol 1990; 95: 436-40.
48. Schwarz A, Grabbe S, Aragane Y, Sandkuhl K, Riemann H, Luger TA, Kubin M, Trinchieri G, Schwarz T. Interleukin-12 prevents ultraviolet B-induced local immunosuppression and overcomes UVB-induced tolerance. J Invest Dermatol 1998; 106: 1187-91.
49. Krasteva M, Kehren J, Horand F, Choquet G Akiba H, Kaiserlian D, Nicolas JF. Dual role or dendritic cells in the induction and down- regulation of antigen-specific cutaneous inflammation. J Immunol 1998; 160: 1181-90.
50. Carter LL, Dutton RW. Type 1 and Type 2: a fundamental dichotomy for all T cell subsets. Crr Opin Immunol 1996; 8: 336-42.
51. Picker LJ, Treer JR, Ferguson-Darnell B, Collins PA, Bergsfresser PR, Terstappen LW. Control of lymphocyte recirculation in man. II. Differential regulation of the cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, a tissue-selective homing receptor for skin-homing T cells. J Immunol 1993; 150: 1122-36.
52. Kansas GS. Selectins and their ligands: current concepts and controversies. Blood 1966; 88: 3259-87.
53. Kalish RS, Johnson KL. Enrichment and function of urushiol (poison ivy)-specific T lymphocytes in lesions or allergic contact dermatitis to urushiol. J Immunol 1990; 145: 3706-13.
54. +T- lymphocyte clones from nickel contact allergic and non-allergic individuals. J Invest Dermatol 1992; 98: 59-63.
55. Cavani A, Corinti S, Glani M, Mei D, Guerra D, Pirrotta L, Puddu P, Girolomonic G. The expression of allergic contact dermatitis to nickel correlated to the presence of nickel-specific CD8 T cells. European Sociery for Dermatological Research 1997: 14.
56. + keratinocytes. J Immunol 1991; 147: 4155-61.
57. Smith CH, Barker JNWN. Mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in skin and inflammatory dermatoses. Eur J Dermatol 1993; 3: 527-30.
58. Van Wilsem EJG, Breve J, Kleijmeer M, Kraal G. Antigen-bearing Langerhans cells in skin draining lymph nodes: phenotype and kinetics of migration. J Invest Dermatol 1994; 103: 217-20.
59. Stelnbrink K, Sorg C, Macher E. Low zone tolerance to contact allergens in mice: a functional role for CD8(+) T helper type 2 cells. J Exp Med 1996; 183: 759-68.
60. Van Hoogstraten IMW, Boos C, Boden D, Von Blomberg ME, Scheper RJ, Kraal G. Oral induction to nickel sensitization in mice. J Invest Dermotol 1993; 101: 26-31.
61. Desvignes C, Bour H, Nicolas JF, Kaiserlian D. Lack of oral tolerance but oral priming for contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene in major histocompatibility complex class II-deficient mice and in CD4(+) T cell-depleted mice. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26: 1756-61.
62. Schwarz AS, G, Riemann H, Aragane Y, Simon M, Manon S, Andrade S, Luger TA, Zlotnik A, Schwarz T. In vivo effects of interleukin-10 on contact hypersensitivity and delayed- type hypersensitivity reactions. J Invest Dermatol 1994; 103: 211-6.
63. Ferguson TA, Dube P, Griffith TS. Regulation of contact hypersensitivity by interleukin- 10. Exp Med 1994; 179: 1597-604.
64. Enk AH, Saloga J, Becker D, Mohamadzadeh M, Knop J. Induction of hapten-specific tolerance by interleukin-10 in vivo. J Exp Med 1994; 179: 1397-402.
65. Li L, Elliott JF, MosmannTR. IL-10 inhibits cytokine production, vascular leakage, and swelling during T helper 1 cell-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity. J Immunol 1994; 153: 3967-78.
66. Knop J, Enk AH. Cellular and molecular mechanisms in the induction phase of contact sensitivity, Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1995; 107: 231-2.
67. Berg DJ, Leach MW, Kuhn R, Rajewsky K, Muller W, Davidson NJ, Rennick D. Interleukin- 10 but not interleukin-4 is a natural suppressant of cutaneous inflammatory responses. J Exp Med 1995; 182: 99-108.
68. Fiorentino DF, Zlotnik A, Vieira P, Mosmann TR, Howard M, Moore KW, O'Garra A. IL-10 acts on the antigen-presenting cell to inhibit cytokine production by Th1 cells. J Immunol 1991; 146: 3444-51.
69. Steinbrink K, Wölfl M, Jonuleit H, Knop J, Enk A. Induction of tolerance by IL-10-treated dendritic cells. J Immunol 1997; 159: 4772-80.
70. Asada H, Linton J, Katz SI. Cytokine gene expression during the elicitation phase of contact sensitivity: regulation by endogenous IL- 4. J Invest Dermatol 1997; 108: 406-11.
71. Asherson GL, Dieli F, Sireci G, Salerno A. Role of IL-4 in delayed type hypersensitivity. Clin Exp Immunol 1996; 103: 1-4.
72. Gautam SC, Chikkala NF, Hamilton TA. Anti-inflammatory action of IL-4. Negative regulation of contact sensitivity to trinitrocnloro- benzene. J Immunol 1992; 148: 1411-5.
73. Swain SL. IL-4 dictates T cell differentiation. Res Immunol 1993; 144: 567.
74. Ohshima Y, Delespesse G. T cell-derived IL-4 and dendritic cell-derived IL-12 regulate the lymphokine-producing phenolype of alloantigen-primed naive human CD4 T cells. J Immunol 1997; 158: 629-36.
75. Nakamura T, Kamogawa Y, Bottomly K, Flavell RA. Polarization of IL-4- and IFN- gamma-producing CD4[+) T cells following activation of naive CD4(+) T cells. J Immunol 1997; 158: 1085-94.