메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 353-359

A community outbreak of Legionnaires' disease linked to hospital cooling towers: An epidemiological method to calculate dose of exposure

Author keywords

Aerosol exposure; Disease outbreaks; Dose response; Environmental exposure; Legionnaires' disease; Water microbiology

Indexed keywords

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY;

EID: 0032916907     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/28.2.353     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (84)

References (25)
  • 1
    • 0028773991 scopus 로고
    • Legionnaires' disease associated with cooling-towers
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Legionnaires' disease associated with cooling-towers. MMWR 1994;43:491-3,9.
    • (1994) MMWR , vol.43 , pp. 491-493
  • 2
    • 0024365972 scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired Legionnaires' disease associated with a cooling-tower: Evidence for longer distance transport of Legionella pneumophila
    • Addis DG, Davis JP, Martin L et al. Community-acquired Legionnaires' disease associated with a cooling-tower: evidence for longer distance transport of Legionella pneumophila. Am J Epidemiol 1989;130:557-68.
    • (1989) Am J Epidemiol , vol.130 , pp. 557-568
    • Addis, D.G.1    Davis, J.P.2    Martin, L.3
  • 3
    • 0024502554 scopus 로고
    • Two cases of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease: Evidence for association with a cooling-tower
    • Addis DG, Davis JP, Wand PJ et al. Two cases of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease: evidence for association with a cooling-tower. J Infect Dis 1989;159:572-75.
    • (1989) J Infect Dis , vol.159 , pp. 572-575
    • Addis, D.G.1    Davis, J.P.2    Wand, P.J.3
  • 4
    • 0021347805 scopus 로고
    • Legionnaires' disease: The epidemiology of two outbreaks in Burlington, Vermont. 1980
    • Klaucke DN, Vogt DL, LaRue D et al. Legionnaires' disease: the epidemiology of two outbreaks in Burlington, Vermont. 1980. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:382-91.
    • (1984) Am J Epidemiol , vol.119 , pp. 382-391
    • Klaucke, D.N.1    Vogt, D.L.2    LaRue, D.3
  • 5
    • 0018974348 scopus 로고
    • Legionnaires' disease outbreak at an Atlanta, Georgia, country club: Evidence for spread from an evaporative condenser
    • Cordes GC, Fraser DW, Skaliy P et al. Legionnaires' disease outbreak at an Atlanta, Georgia, country club: evidence for spread from an evaporative condenser. Am J Epidemiol 1980;111:425-31.
    • (1980) Am J Epidemiol , vol.111 , pp. 425-431
    • Cordes, G.C.1    Fraser, D.W.2    Skaliy, P.3
  • 6
    • 0025324385 scopus 로고
    • Role of air sampling in investigation of an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with exposure to aerosols from an evaporative condenser
    • Breiman RF, Cozen W, Fields BS et al. Role of air sampling in investigation of an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with exposure to aerosols from an evaporative condenser. J Infect Dis 1990; 161:1257-61.
    • (1990) J Infect Dis , vol.161 , pp. 1257-1261
    • Breiman, R.F.1    Cozen, W.2    Fields, B.S.3
  • 7
    • 13344281029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease among cruise ship passengers exposed to a contaminated whirlpool spa
    • Jernigan D, Hofmann J, Cetron MS et al. and the Cruise Ship Working Group. 'Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease among cruise ship passengers exposed to a contaminated whirlpool spa'. Lancet 1996;347: 494-98.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 494-498
    • Jernigan, D.1    Hofmann, J.2    Cetron, M.S.3
  • 8
    • 0027496546 scopus 로고
    • Outbreak of Legionnaires disease linked to a decorative fountain by molecular epidemiology
    • Hlady WG, Mullen RC, Mintz CS et al. Outbreak of Legionnaires disease linked to a decorative fountain by molecular epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:555-62.
    • (1993) Am J Epidemiol , vol.138 , pp. 555-562
    • Hlady, W.G.1    Mullen, R.C.2    Mintz, C.S.3
  • 9
    • 0026684584 scopus 로고
    • Communitywide outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a grocery store mist machine
    • Mahoney FJ, Hoge CW, Farley TA et al. Communitywide outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a grocery store mist machine. J Infect Dis 1992;165:736-39.
    • (1992) J Infect Dis , vol.165 , pp. 736-739
    • Mahoney, F.J.1    Hoge, C.W.2    Farley, T.A.3
  • 10
    • 0023156556 scopus 로고
    • A community outbreak of legionellosis: Transmission by potable hot water
    • Hanrahan JP, Dale LM, Scharf VB et at. A community outbreak of legionellosis: transmission by potable hot water. Am J Epidemiol 1987; 125:639-49.
    • (1987) Am J Epidemiol , vol.125 , pp. 639-649
    • Hanrahan, J.P.1    Dale, L.M.2    Scharf, V.B.3
  • 15
    • 0019394592 scopus 로고
    • Rapid radioimmunoassay diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease, detection and partial characterization of urinary antigen
    • Kohler RB, Zimmerman SE, Wilson SD. Rapid radioimmunoassay diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease, detection and partial characterization of urinary antigen. Ann Intern Med 1981;94:601-05.
    • (1981) Ann Intern Med , vol.94 , pp. 601-605
    • Kohler, R.B.1    Zimmerman, S.E.2    Wilson, S.D.3
  • 16
    • 0027987242 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic investigation by macrorestriction analysis and by using monoclonal antibodies of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup I
    • Luck PC, Helbig JH, Gunter U et al. Epidemiologic investigation by macrorestriction analysis and by using monoclonal antibodies of nosocomial pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup I. J Clin Microbiol 1994;32:2692-97.
    • (1994) J Clin Microbiol , vol.32 , pp. 2692-2697
    • Luck, P.C.1    Helbig, J.H.2    Gunter, U.3
  • 17
    • 0027317259 scopus 로고
    • Typing of Legionella pnuemophila strains by polymerase chain reaction mediated DNA fingerprinting
    • Belkum AV, Struelens M, Quint W. Typing of Legionella pnuemophila strains by polymerase chain reaction mediated DNA fingerprinting. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31:2198-200.
    • (1993) J Clin Microbiol , vol.31 , pp. 2198-2200
    • Belkum, A.V.1    Struelens, M.2    Quint, W.3
  • 18
    • 84944285518 scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease, epidemiologic demonstration of cooling-towers as a source
    • Garbe PL, Davis BJ, Weisfeld JS et al. Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease, epidemiologic demonstration of cooling-towers as a source. JAMA 1985;254:521-24.
    • (1985) JAMA , vol.254 , pp. 521-524
    • Garbe, P.L.1    Davis, B.J.2    Weisfeld, J.S.3
  • 19
    • 0026071751 scopus 로고
    • Proximity of the home to a cooling tower and risk of non-outbreak legionnaires' disease
    • Bhopal RS, Fallon RJ, Buist EC, Black RJ, Urquhart JD. Proximity of the home to a cooling tower and risk of non-outbreak legionnaires' disease. Br Med J 1991;302:378-83.
    • (1991) Br Med J , vol.302 , pp. 378-383
    • Bhopal, R.S.1    Fallon, R.J.2    Buist, E.C.3    Black, R.J.4    Urquhart, J.D.5
  • 20
    • 0029030708 scopus 로고
    • Reevaluation of the definition of Legionnaires' disease: Use of the urinary antigen assay. Community Based Pneumonia Incidence Study Group
    • Plouffe JF, File TM Jr, Breiman R et al. Reevaluation of the definition of Legionnaires' disease: use of the urinary antigen assay. Community Based Pneumonia Incidence Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20: 1286-91.
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.20 , pp. 1286-1291
    • Plouffe, J.F.1    File T.M., Jr.2    Breiman, R.3
  • 21
    • 0018898448 scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a contaminated air-conditioning cooling-tower
    • Dondero TJ, Rendtorff RC, Mallison GF et al. An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease associated with a contaminated air-conditioning cooling-tower. N Engl JMed 1980;302:365-70.
    • (1980) N Engl JMed , vol.302 , pp. 365-370
    • Dondero, T.J.1    Rendtorff, R.C.2    Mallison, G.F.3
  • 22
    • 0026847714 scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in a nursing home
    • Maesaki S, Kohno S, Koga H et al. An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease in a nursing home. Intern Med 1992;31:508-12.
    • (1992) Intern Med , vol.31 , pp. 508-512
    • Maesaki, S.1    Kohno, S.2    Koga, H.3
  • 23
    • 0030814756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: Population-based active surveillance in Ohio
    • Marston BJ, Plouffe JF, File TM et al. Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: population-based active surveillance in Ohio. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:1709-18.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1709-1718
    • Marston, B.J.1    Plouffe, J.F.2    File, T.M.3
  • 24
    • 0028172994 scopus 로고
    • Surveillance for Legionnaires' disease. Risk factors for morbidity and mortality
    • Marston BJ, Lipman HB, Breiman RF. Surveillance for Legionnaires' disease. Risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Arch Intern Med 1994;154:2417-22.
    • (1994) Arch Intern Med , vol.154 , pp. 2417-2422
    • Marston, B.J.1    Lipman, H.B.2    Breiman, R.F.3
  • 25
    • 0027482993 scopus 로고
    • A model for autumn outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease associated with cooling-towers, linked to system operation and size
    • Bentham RH, Broadbent CR. A model for autumn outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease associated with cooling-towers, linked to system operation and size. Epidemiol Infect 1993;111:287-95.
    • (1993) Epidemiol Infect , vol.111 , pp. 287-295
    • Bentham, R.H.1    Broadbent, C.R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.