Effect of protease therapy on cytokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HIV-infected subjects

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

Volumn 115, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 147-152

  Kelleher, A D ^a,c   Sewell, W A ^a   Cooper, D A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^c JOHN RADCLIFFE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cytokine; HIV; Immune response; Protease inhibitor

Indexed keywords

ANTIVIRUS AGENT; CD4 ANTIGEN; CD8 ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; PLACEBO; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR;

ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNE RESPONSE; LYMPHOCYTE DEPLETION; LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRUS INFECTION;

CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE II; CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE III; CYTOKINES; ENDOPEPTIDASES; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS; HUMANS; INTERFERON TYPE II; INTERLEUKIN-4; LEUKOCYTES, MONONUCLEAR; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; RITONAVIR; T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0032891146     PISSN: 00099104     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00761.x     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. + lymphocyte response to antiretroviral therapy of HIV infection. J Acquir Imm Def Syndr 1996; 13:320-6.
2. 2 Danner SA, Carr A, Leonard JM et al. A short-term study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of ritonavir, an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1528-33.
3. 3 Kelleher AD, Carr A, Zaunders J, Cooper DA. Alterations in the immune response of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects treated with an HIV-specific protease inhibitor, ritonavir. J Infect Dis 1996; 173:321-9.
4. 4 Autran B, Carcelain G, Li TS et al. Positive effects of combined antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV disease. Science 1997; 277:112-6.
5. 5 Bass HZ, Hardy WD, Mitsuyasu RT, Wang YX, Cumberland W, Fahey JL. Eleven lymphoid phenotypic markers in HIV infection: selective changes induced by zidovudine treatment. J Acquir Imm Def Syndr 1992; 5:890-7.
6. 6 Clerici M, Landay AL, Kessler HA et al. Reconstitution of long term T-helper cell function after zidovudine therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis 1992; 166:723-30.
7. 7 French MAH, Mallal SA, Dawkins RL. Zidovudine-induced restoration of cell-mediated immunity to mycobacteria in immunodeficient HIV-infected patients. AIDS 1992; 6:1293-5.
8. 8 Rinaldo C, Huang XL, Piazza P et al. Augmentation of cellular immune function during the early phase of zidovudine treatment of AIDS patients. J Infect Dis 1991; 164:638-45.
9. 9 Ranki A, Mattinen S, Yarchoan R, Broder S, Ghrayeb JLJ, Krohn K. T cell response toward HIV in infected individuals with and without zidovudine therapy, and in HIV-exposed sexual partners. AIDS 1989; 3:63-69.
10. 10 Rosenberg ES, Billingsley JM, Caliendo AM, Boswell SL, Sax PE, Kalams SA, Walker BD. Vigorous HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cell responses associated with control of viremia. Science 1997; 278:1447-50.
11. + cell numbers and clinical staging. J Clin Invest 1989; 84:1892-9.
12. 12 Cauda R, Tyring SK, Tamburrini E, Ventura G, Tambarello M, Ortona L. Diminished interferon-γ production may be the earliest indicator of infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Viral Immunol 1988; 1:247-58.
13. 13 Murray HW, Rubin BY, Masur H, Roberts RB. Impaired production of lymphokines and immune (gamma) interferon in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1984; 310:383-7.
14. 14 Clerici M, Hakim FT, Venzon DJ, Blatt S, Hendrix CW, Wynn TA, Shearer GM. Changes in IL-2 and IL-4 production in asymptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive individuals. J Clin Invest 1993; 91:759-65.
15. 15 Clerici M, Shearer GM. TH1→TH2 switch is a critical step in the etiology of HIV infection. Immunol Today 1993; 14:107-11.
16. 16 Graziosi C, Panteleo G, Gantt KR et al. Lack of evidence for the dichotomy of TH1 and TH2 predominance in HIV-infected individuals. Science 1994; 265:248-52.
17. 17 Maggi E, Mazzetti M, Ravina A et al. Ability of HIV to promote a TH1 to TH0 shift and to replicate preferentially in TH2 and TH0 cells. Science 1994; 265:244-8.
18. 18 Gillis S, Ferm MM, Ou W, Smith KA. T cell growth factor: parameters of production and quantitative microassay for activity. J Immunol 1978; 120:2027-32.
19. 2+ ionophore plus phorbol ester. Brit J Haematol 1989; 73:341-7.
20. 20 Burkes RL, Abo W, Levine AM et al. Characterization of immunological function in homosexual men with persistent, generalized lymphadenopathy and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Cancer 1987; 59:731-8.
21. 21 Krowka JF, Stites DP, Jain S et al. Lymphocyte proliferative responses to human immunodeficiency virus antigens in vitro. J Clin Invest 1989; 83:1198-203.
22. 22 Lane HC, Depper JM, Green WC, Whalen G, Waldmann TA, Fauci AS. Qualitative analysis of immune function in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1983; 313:79-84.
23. 23 Stahl RE, Friedman-Kien A, Dubin R, Mamor M, Zolla-Pazner S. Immunological abnormalities in homosexual men: relationship to Kaposi's sarcoma. Am J Med 1982; 73:171-8.
24. 24 Diaz-Mitoma F, Kumar A, Karumi S et al. Expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-4 and interferon-gamma in unstimulated and mitogen stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes from HIV-seropositive patients. Clin Exp Immunol 1995; 102:31-33.
25. 25 Smith KA. Interleukin 2: inception, impact and implications. Science 1988; 290:1169-76.
26. 26 Emilie D, Peuchmaur M, Maillot MC et al. Production of interleukins in human immunodeficiency virus-1-replicating lymph nodes. J Clin Invest 1990; 86:148-59.
27. + T cell can give rise to progeny expressing type 1 and/or type 2 cytokine genes and can retain its multipotentiality through many cell divisions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94:8070-5.
28. + T-cells. AIDS 1994; 8:431-41.