The dual nature of community variability

Oikos

Volumn 85, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 161-169

  Micheli, F ^a   Cottingham, K L ^a,b   Bascompte, J ^a   Bjornstad O N ^a,c   Eckert, G L ^d   Fischer, J M ^e   Keitt, T H ^a   Kendall, B E ^a   Klug, J L ^f   Rusak, J A ^g  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS   (United States)

^b Dartmouth College   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^g YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; THEORETICAL STUDY;

EID: 0032890594     PISSN: 00301299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3546802     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Barry, J. P., Baxter, C. H., Sagarin, R. D. and Gilman, S. E. 1995. Climate-related, long-term faunal changes in a California rocky intertidal community. - Science 267: 672-675.
2. Bascompte, J. and Solé. R. V. (eds) 1998. Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics in ecology. - Springer-Verlag. Berlin.
3. Cairns, J. 1992. Monitoring for global change. - In: Cairns, J., Jr., Niederlehner, B. R. and Orvos, D. R. (eds), Predicting ecosystem risk. Princeton Scientific, Princeton, NJ, pp. 63-75.
4. Chesson, P. L. 1990. Geometry, heterogeneity and competition in variable environments. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 330: 165-173.
5. Clements, F. E. 1916. Plant succession: analysis of the development of vegetation. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 242: 1-512.
6. Connell, J. H. and Sousa, W. P. 1983. On the evidence needed to judge ecological stability or persistence. - Am. Nat. 121: 789-824.
7. Cottingham, K. L. and Carpenter, S. R. 1998. Population, community, and ecosystem variates as ecological indicators: phytoplankton responses to whole-lake enrichment. Ecol. Appl. 8: 508-530.
8. Crowley, P. H. and Johnson, D. M. 1992. Variability and stability of a dragonfly assemblage. - Oecologia 90: 260-269.
9. Doak, D. F., Bigger, D., Harding, E. K., Marvier, M. A., O'Malley, R. E. and Thomson, D. 1998. The statistical inevitability of stability-diversity relationships in community ecology. Am. Nat. 151: 264-276.
10. Dodd, M., Silvertown, J., McConway, K., Potts, J. and Crawley, M. 1995. Community stability: a 60-year record of trends and outbreaks in the occurrence of species in the Park Grass Experiment. - J. Ecol. 83: 277-285.
11. Duarte, C. M. 1989. Temporal biomass variability and production biomass relationships of seagrass communities. -Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 51: 269-277.
12. Elton, C. S. 1958. The ecology of invasions by animals and plants. - Chapman and Hall, New York.
13. Fischer, J. M. 1997. Zooplankton community responses to acidification: the role of rapid evolution and compensatory dynamics. - Dissertation, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
14. Frost, T. M., DeAngelis, D. L., Bartell, S. M., Hall, D. J. and Hurlbert, S. H. 1988. Scale in the design and interpretation of aquatic community research. - In: Carpenter, S. R. (ed.), Complex interactions in lake communities. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 229-258.
15. Frost, T. M., Carpenter, S. R., Ives, A. R. and Kratz, T. K. 1995. Species compensation and complementarity in ecosystem function. - In: Jones, C. and Lawton, J. (eds), Linking species and ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 224-239.
16. Gaston, K. J. and McArdle, B. H. 1994. The temporal variability of animal abundances: measures, methods and patterns. - Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 345: 335-358.
17. Gause, G. F. 1934. The struggle for existence. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
18. Gleason, H. A. 1926. The individualistic concept of the plant association. - Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 53: 7-26.
19. Goodman, D. 1975. The theory of diversity-stability relationships in ecology. - Q. Rev. Biol. 50: 237-266.
20. Gower, J. C. and Legendre, P. 1986. Metric and euclidean properties of dissimilarity coefficients. J. Classification 3: 5-48.
21. Guo, Q, and Brown, J. H. 1997. Interactions between winter and summer annuals in the Chihuahuan desert. - Oecologia 111: 123-128.
22. Hanski, I. 1990. Density dependence, regulation and variability in animal populations. - Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 330: 141-150.
23. Howarth, R. W. 1991. Comparative responses of aquatic ecosystems to toxic chemical stress. In: Cole, J. J., Lovett, G. and Findlay, S. (eds), Comparative analyses of ecosystems: patterns, mechanisms, and theories. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 169-195.
24. Hutchinson, G. E. 1961. The paradox of the plankton. - Am. Nat. 95: 137-145.
25. Johnson, H. B. and Mayeux, H. S. 1992. Viewpoint: a view on species additions and deletions and the balance of nature. - J. Range Manage. 45: 322-333.
26. Korpimäki, E. 1994. Rapid or delayed tracking of multi-annual vole cycles by avian predators? - J. Anim. Ecol. 63: 619-628.
27. Lack, D. L. 1954. The natural regulation of animal numbers. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
28. Lawton, J. H. 1994. What do species do in ecosystems? -Oikos 71: 367-374.
29. Lawton, J. H. and Brown, V. K. 1993. Redundancy in ecosystems. - In: Schulze, E. D. and Mooney, H. A. (eds), Biodiversity and ecosystem function. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 255-270.
30. Legendre, L. and Legendre, P. 1983. Numerical Ecology. -Elsevier, Amsterdam.
31. Levin, S. A. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. - Ecology 73: 1943-1967.
32. Lindström, E. R., Andrén, H., Angelstam, P., Cederlund, G., Hörnfeldt, B., Jäderberg, L., Lemnell, P.-A., Martinsson, B., Sköld, K. and Swenson, J. E. 1994. Disease reveals the predator: sarcoptic mange, red fox predation, and prey populations. Ecology 75: 1042-1049.
33. May, R. M. 1974. Stability and complexity in model ecosystems. - Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
34. McGrady-Steed, J., Harris, P. M. and Morin, P. J. 1997. Biodiversity regulates ecosystem predictibility. - Nature 390: 162-165.
35. McNaughton, S. J. 1977. Diversity and stability of ecological communities: a comment on the role of empiricism in ecology. - Am. Nat. 111: 515-525.
36. Miles, J. 1981. Effect of birch on moorlands. Institute of Terrestrial Ecology. London.
37. Miles, J. 1987. Vegetation succession: past and present perceptions. - In: Gray, A. J., Crawley, M. J. and Edwards, P. J. (eds). Colonization, succession, and stability. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 1-29.
38. Odum, E. P. 1985. Trends expected in stressed ecosystems. -BioScience 35: 419-422.
39. Paine, R. T. 1994. Marine rocky shores and community ecology: an experimentalist's perspective. - Ecology Institute, Oldendorf, Luhe.
40. Peterson, G., Allen, C. R. and Holling, C. S. 1998. Ecological resilience, biodiversity, and scale. - Ecosystems 1: 6-18.
41. Pimm, S. L. 1984. The complexity and stability of ecosystems. Nature 307: 321-326.
42. Pimm. 1991. The balance of Nature. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
43. Pollock, M. M., Naiman, R. J., Erickson, H. E., Johnston, C. A., Pastor, J. and Pinay, G. 1995. Beavers as engineers: influences on biotic and abiotic characteristics of drainage basins. - In: Jones, C. G. and Lawton, J. H. (eds), Linking species and ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp. 117-126.
44. Pratt, J. R. and Cairns, J. 1996. Ecotoxicology and the redundancy problem: understanding effects on community structure and function. - In: Newman, M. C. and Jagoe, C. H. (eds), Ecotoxicology: a hierarchical approach. CRC Lewis, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 347-370.
45. Prins, H. H. T. and Douglas-Hamilton, I. 1990. Stability in a multi-species assemblage of large herbivores in East Africa. - Oecologia 83: 392-400.
46. Rahel, E. J. 1990. The hierarchical nature of community persistence: a problem of scale. - Am. Nat. 136: 328-344.
47. Sale, P. F. 1977. Maintenance of high diversity in coral reef fish communities. - Am. Nat. 111: 337-359.
48. Sale, P. F. 1978. Coexistence of coral reef fishes - a lottery for living space. - Environ. Biol. Fishes 3: 85-102.
49. Schindler, D. W. 1990. Experimental perturbations of whole lakes as tests of hypotheses concerning ecosystem structure and function. - Oikos 57: 25-41.
50. Silvertown, J., Dodd, M. E., McConway, K., Potts, J. and Crawley, M. 1994. Rainfall, biomass variation, and community composition in the Park Grass Experiment. -Ecology 75: 2430-2437.
51. Small, R. J., Marcström, V. and Willebrand, T. 1993. Synchronous and nonsynchronous population fluctuations of some predators and their prey in central Sweden. - Ecography 16: 360-364.
52. Strong, D. R., Lawton, J. H. and Southwood, R. 1984. Insects on plants. Community patterns and mechanisms. - Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
53. Tilman, D. 1996. Biodiversity: population versus ecosystem stability. Ecology 77: 350-363.
54. Tilman, D. and Downing, J. A. 1994. Biodiversity and stability in grasslands. - Nature 367: 363-365.
55. Tilman, D., Lehman, C. L. and Bristow, C. E. 1998. Diversity-stability relationships: statistical inevitability or ecological consequence? - Am. Nat. 151: 277-282.
56. Underwood, A. J. 1986. What is a community? - In: Raup, D. M. and Jablonski, D. (eds), Patterns and processes in the history of life. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 351-368.
57. Utida, S. 1957. Population fluctuation, an experimental and theoretical approach. - Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 22: 139-151.
58. Walker, B. H. 1992. Biodiversity and ecological redundancy. -Conserv. Biol. 6: 18-23.
59. Walker, B. H. 1995. Conserving biological diversity through ecosystem resilience. - Conserv. Biol. 9: 747-752.
60. Washington, H. G. 1984. Diversity, biotic and similarity indices: a review with special relevance to aquatic ecosystems. - Water Res 18: 653-694.
61. Watson, A. and Moss, R. 1972. A current model of population dynamics in red grouse. - In: Voous, K. H. (ed.), Proceedings of the XVth International Ornithological Congress, pp. 139-149.
62. Woodin, S. A. and Marinelli, R. 1991. Biogenic habitat modification in marine sediments: the importance of species composition and activity. In: Meadows, P. S. and Meadows, A. (eds), The environmental impact of burrowing animals and animal burrows. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, pp. 231-250.
63. Yan, N. D. and Pawson, T. W. 1997. Changes in the crustacean zooplankton community of Harp Lake, Canada, following the invasion by Bythotrephes cerderstoemi. -Freshw. Biol. 37: 409-425.