Constrained evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease during sequential therapy with two distinct protease inhibitors

Journal of Virology

Volumn 73, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 850-854

  Dulioust, Anne ^a   Paulous, Sylvie ^b,c   Guillemot, Laurent ^c   Delavalle, Anne Marie ^a   Boué, François ^a   Clavel, François ^b,c  

^a HÔpital Cochin   (France)

^b BICHAT HOSPITAL   (France)

^c INSTITUT PASTEUR   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INDINAVIR; SAQUINAVIR;

ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CROSS RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; GENE SEQUENCE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEINASE INHIBITION; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS RESISTANCE;

EID: 0032889457     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.1.850-854.1999     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Ashorn, P., T. J. McQuade, S. Thaisrivongs, A. G. Tomasselli, W. G. Tarpley, and B. Moss. 1990. An inhibitor of the protease blocks maturation of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses and spread of infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:7472-7476.
2. Autran, B., G. Carcelain, T. S. Li, C. Blanc, D. Mathez, R. Tubiana, C. Katlama, P. Debre, and J. Leibowitch. 1997. Positive effects of combined antiretroviral therapy on CD4+ T cell homeostasis and function in advanced HIV disease. Science 277:112-116.
3. Borman, A., S. Paulous, and F. Clarel. 1996. Resistance of HIV-1 to protease inhibitors: selection of resistance mutations in the presence and in the absence of the drug. J. Gen. Virol. 77:419-426.
4. Chou, T. C., and P. Talalay. 1984. Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors. Adv. Enzyme Regul. 22:27-55.
5. Condra, J. H, D. J. Holder, W. A. Schleif, O. M. Blahy, R. M. Danovich, L. J. Gabryelski, D. J. Graham, D. Laird, J. C. Quintero, A. Rhodes, H. L. Robbins, E. Roth, M. Shivaprakash, T. Yang, J. A. Chodakewitz, P. J. Deutsch, R. Y. Leavitt, F. E. Massari, J. W. Mellors, K. E. Squires, R. T. Steigbigel, H. Teppler, and E. A. Emini. 1996. Genetic correlates of in vivo viral resistance to indinavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 70:8270-8276.
6. Condra, J. H., W. A. Schleif, O. M. Blahy, L. J. Gabrjelski, D. J. Graham, J. C. Quintero, A. Rhodes, H. L. Hobbins, E. Roth, M. Shivaprakash, D. L. Titus, T. Yang, H. Teppler, K. E. Squires, P. J. Deutsch, and E. A. Emini. 1995. In vivo emergence of HIV-1 variants resistant to multiple protease inhibitors. Nature 374:569-571.
7. Debouck, C. 1992. The HIV-1 protease as a therapeutic target for AIDS. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 8:153-164.
8. Deeks, S. G., M. Smith, M. Holodniy, and J. O. Kahn. 1997. HIV-1 protease inhibitors: a review for clinicians. JAMA 277:145-153.
9. Eastman, P., A. Moffat, E. O'Sullivan, I. Duncan, and E. Race. 1998. Evolution and stability of HIV-1 protease inhibitor resistance mutations during saquinavir monotherapy, abstr. 397. Fifth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Chicago, Ill.
10. Eastman, P. S., J. Mittler, R. Kelso, C. Gee, E. Boyer, J. Kolberg, M. Urdea, J. M. Leonard, D. W. Norbeck, H. Mo, and M. Markowitz. 1998. Genotypic changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 associated with loss of suppression of plasma viral RNA levels in subjects treated with ritonavir (Norvir) monotherapy. J. Virol. 72:5154-5164.
11. Erickson, J., and D. Kempf. 1994. Structure-based design of symmetric inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. Arch. Virol. 9(Suppl.):19-29.
12. Gulick, R. M., J. W. Mellors, D. Havlir, J. J. Eron, C. Gonzalez, D. McMahon, D. D. Richman, F. T. Valentine, L. Jonas, A. Meibohm, E. A. Emini, and J. A. Chodakewitz. 1997. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy. N. Engl. J. Med. 337:734-739.
13. Hertogs, K., S. Kemp, S. Bloor, V. Miller, S. Staszewski, J. Mellors, C. Ven den Eynde, F. Peeters, B. Larder, and R. Pauwels. 1998. Patterns of cross-resistance among protease inhibitors in over 1500 clinical HIV-1 isolates: comparison of genotypic and phenotypic resistance profiles, abstr. 70. Second International Workshop on HIV Drug Resistance and Treatment Strategies, Lake Maggiore, Italy.
14. 2-symmetric protease inhibitor. J. Virol. 68:2016-2020.
15. Jacobsen, H., M. Hanggi, M. Ott, I. B. Duncan, S. Owen, M. Andreoni, S. Vella, and J. Mous. 1996. In vivo resistance to a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteinase inhibitor: mutations, kinetics, and frequencies. J. Infect. Dis. 173:1379-1387.
16. 2 symmetry-based HIV protease inhibitors as single agents or in combinations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36:926-933.
17. Kaplan, A., S. Michael, R. Wehbie, M. Knigge, D. Paul, L. Everitt, D. Kempf, D. Norbeck, J. Erickson, and R. Swanstrom. 1994. Selection of multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants that encode viral proteases with decreased sensitivity to an inhibitor of the viral protease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:5597-5601.
18. Kempf, D. J., R. A. Rode, Y. Xu, E. Sun, M. E. Heath-Chiozzi, J. Valdes, A. J. Japour, S. Danner, C. Boucher, A. Molla, and J. M. Leonard. 1998. The duration of viral suppression during protease inhibitor therapy for HIV-1 infection is predicted by plasma HIV-1 RNA at the nadir. AIDS 12:F9-F14.
19. Markowitz, M., Y. Cao, A. Hurley, et al. 1996. Triple therapy with AZT, 3TC and ritonavir in 12 subjects newly infected with HIV-1, abstr. Th. B. 933. In Abstracts of the XIth International Conference on AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.