Chinese commercial activity in the Toronto CMA: New development patterns and impacts

Canadian Geographer

Volumn 43, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 19-35

  Wang, Shuguang ^a  

^a RYERSON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chinese commercial activity; Ethnic economy; Toronto CMA

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY; ENTREPRENEUR; ETHNIC MINORITY; URBAN ECONOMY;

CANADA; ONTARIO; TORONTO;

EID: 0032842024     PISSN: 00083658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-0064.1999.tb01358.x     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. BARRETS, C.A., IGNES, T.P., and McEvOY, D. 1996 'Ethnic minority business: Theoretical discourse in Britain and North America' Urban Studies 33, 783-809
2. BATES, T. 1993 'An analysis of Korean-immigrant-owned small-business start-ups with comparison to African-American- and nonminorityowned firms' Urban Affairs Quarterly 30, 227-48
3. BONACICH, E., and MODELL, j. 1980 The Economic Basis of Ethnic Solidarity (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press)
4. BRETON, R. 1964 'Institutional completeness of ethnic communities and the personal relations of immigrants' American Journal of Sociology 70,193-205
5. CANADA 1985 Business Immigrants: Document WHS-085 (Ottawa: Employment and Immigration Canada)
6. CANADA. STATISTICS CANADA 1982 1981 Cenius of Canada: Population, Occupied Private Dwellings, Private Households, Selected Characteristics, Toronto
7. - 1996a Immigration Research Series: Profiles of Total Immigrant Population
8. - 1996b Immigration Research Series: Profiles of Hong Kong
9. - 1996c Immigration Research Series: Profiles of People's Republic of China
10. CHAN, I.B.L., and CHEUNC, Y.W. 1985 'Ethnic resources and business entreprise: A study of Chinese businesses in Toronto' Human Organization A4, 142-54 Chinese Consumer Directory of Toronto, 1994 (Toronto: World Journal)
11. COSTA. R., and RENAUD, v. 1995 The Chinese in Canada' in Canadian Social Trends (Winter) (Ottawa: Statistics Canada) 22-26
12. DOUCET, M., and JONES, K. 1997 Shopping Centre Dynamics in the Greater Toronto Area: Research Report 4 (Toronto: Centre for the Study of Commercial Activity, Ryerson Polytechnic University)
13. GEE, 1.1982 Chinese Canadian Community (Toronto: Chinese Interpreter and Information Services)
14. HEM5ON CONSULTING LTD. in association With COLE, SHERMAN & ASSOCIATES LTD. 1995 Town of Richmond Hill: Neighbourhood and Community Commercial Area Study, Interim Report (Toronto)
15. JAMES, F.J., and CLARK, T.A. 1987 'Minority business in urban economies' Urban Studies 24, 489-502
16. JONES, K., and SIMMONS, 1.1993 Location, Location, Location: Analysing the Retail Environment (Toronto: Nelson Canada)
17. KAPLAN, D. 1997 The creation of an ethnic economy: Indochinese business expansion in Saint Paul' Economic Geography 73, 214-33
18. KWON, s.c. 1990 'Korean small businesses in the Bronx, New York: An alternative perspective of an occupational adaptation of new immigrants' Urban Geography 17, 509-18
19. LEE, D.O. 1992 ' Commodification of ethnicity : The sociospatial reproduction of immigrant entrepreneurs' Urban Affairs Quarterly 28, 258-75
20. - 1995 'Koreantown and Korean small firms in Los Angeles: Locating in the ethnic neighbourhood' The Professional Geographer 47, 184-95
21. LI, P.S. 1992 'Ethnic enterprise in transition: Chinese business in Richmond, B.C., 1980-1990' Canadian Ethnic Studies 24, 120-38
22. - 1993 'Chinese investment and business in Canada: Ethnic entrepreneurship reconsidered' Pacific Affairs 66, 219-43
23. LIGHT, 1.1984 'Immigrant and ethnic enterprise in North America' Ethnic and Racial Studies 7, 196-216
24. M-üJCER, M.N., and HORFFMAN, c.A. 1992 'Ethnic enterprises in Ontario: Immigrant participation in the small business sector' International Migration Review 26, 969-81
25. Might's Metropolitan Toronto City Directory: Central Edition (Toronto: Dun and Bradstreet Canada Ltd)
26. Ming Pao Property Gold Pages (Toronto: Ming Pao)
27. NAGEL, j. 1987 The ethnic revolution: Emergence of ethnic nationalism' in Ethnic Canada: Identities and Inequalities, ed L. Driedger (Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman Ltd.) 28-43
28. QADEER, M. and LEUNG, A. 1994 The planning system and the development of Chinese shopping malls in suburban Scarborough, Ontario' research report
29. RAUN, E. 1988 'Entrepreneurship among foreign immigrants in the Los Angeles and San Francisco Metropolitan regions' Urdan Geography 9, 283-301
30. RAZIN, E., and LANCOLIS, A. 1996 'Metropolitan characteristics and entrepreneurship among immigrants and ethnic groups in Canada' International Migration Review 30, 703-27
31. SCARBOROUGH, CITY OF. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT 1 992 Scarborough Shopping Centres Scarborough Mirror, The 1984 'Is problem parking or racism?' (30 May) A1
32. SIMMONS, |. 1994 Commercial Activities in Canada (Toronto: Centre for the Study of Commercial Activity, Ryersin Polytechnic University)
33. SIMMONS, J, BIASIOTTO, M., MONTGOMERY, D, ROBINSON, M., and SIMMONS, S. 1996 Commercial Structure of the Greater Toronto Area 1996 (Toronto: Centre for the Study of Commercial Activity, Ryerson Polytechnic University)
34. THO.MAS, R.H. 1989 Toronto's Chinatown: The Changing Social Organization of an Ethnic Community (New York: AMS Press Inc.)
35. Toronto Star 1995 'Mall in Markham: Taste of Hong Kong' (1 June) A1
36. - 1995 'Mad about malls' (4 July) B1
37. - 1995 'Markham: Can good salesmanship turn into racism?' (27 August) F1
38. - 1995 'Mall plan in racism row clear hurdle' (14 September) A1
39. - 1997 'Mamma Mia! Chinese beats out Italian' (3 December) AI
40. - 1998 'Immigrants struggling to land good jobs' (22 January) B1 TSENG, Y.F. 1995 'Beyond "Little Taipei": The development of Taiwanese immigrant business in Los Angeles' International Migration Review 29, 33-58
41. URBAN LAND INSTITUTE 1985 Shopping Centre Development Handbook (Washington, DC)
42. WAIDINGER, R. 1986 Through the Eyes of the Needle: Immigrants and Enterprise in New York's Garment Trades (New York: New York University Press)
43. - 1989 'Structural opportunities or ethnic advantages? Immigrant business development in New York' International Migration Review 23, 49-72
44. JOHN WINTER ASSOCIATES LIMITED 1994 Condominium Retailing in Markham: A Consulting Report Prepared for the Planning Department, Town of Markham (Toronto)
45. WONG, J. 1987 'Patterns of change in Toronto's Chinese commercial structure' B.A.A. thesis, Ryerson Polytechnic University, Toronto