Treatment of unstable angina: Role of antithrombotic therapy

Thrombosis Research

Volumn 95, Issue 3, 1999, Pages

  Gallo, Richard ^a   Chesebro, James H ^b   Badimon, Juan J ^b  

^a MONTREAL HEART INSTITUTE   (Canada)

^b Cardiovascular Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiplatelets; Antithrombotics; Unstable angina

Indexed keywords

ABCIXIMAB; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; CLOPIDOGREL; ENOXAPARIN; EPTIFIBATIDE; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HEPARIN; HIRUDIN; HIRULOG; LAMIFIBAN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; TICLOPIDINE; TIROFIBAN; WARFARIN;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; HUMAN; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS;

EID: 0032813827     PISSN: 00493848     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0049-3848(99)00067-5     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Fuster V., Badimon L., Badimon J., Chesebro J. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes, Parts 1 and 2. N Engl J Med. 326:1992;242-250. 310-18.
2. Cairns J., Theroux P., Armstrong P., Bogarty P., Kells C., Thompson C., Warnica W. Unstable angina - Report from a Canadian roundtable. Can J Cardiol. 12:1996;1279-1292.
3. The TIMI IIIB Investigators Effects of tissue plasminogen activator and a comparison of early invasive and conservative strategies in unstable angina and non-Q wave myocardial infarction. Results of the TIMI IIIB trial. Circulation. 89:1994;1545-1556.
4. The T.I.M.I. III, Investigators A. Early effects of tissue-type plasminogen activator added to conventional therapy on the culprit coronary lesion in patients presenting with ischemic cardiac pain at rest. Circulation. 87:1993;38-52.
5. Ohman E.M., Armstrong P.W., Christenson R.H., Granger C.B., Katus H.A., Hamm C.W., O'Hanesian M.A., Wagner G.S., Kleiman N.S., Harrell F.E. Jr., Califf R.M., Topol E.J. Cardiac troponin T levels for risk stratification in acute myocardial ischemia. GUSTO IIA Investigators. N Engl J Med. 335:1996;1333-1341.
6. Mark D, Braunwald E. Medical management of unstable angina. In: Fuster V, Ross R, Topol E, editors. Atherosclerosis and Coronary Artery Disease, Vol. 2. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996. p. 1315-26.
7. Patrono C. Aspirin as an antiplatelet drug. N Engl J Med. 330:1994;1287-1294.
8. Kamat S., Kleinman N. Platelets and platelet inhibitors in acute myocardial infarction. Cardiology Clinics. 13:1995;435-447.
9. The Dutch TIA Trial Study Group A comparison of two doses of aspirin (30 mg vs. 283 mg a day) in patients after a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke. N Engl J Med. 325:1993;1261-1266.
10. The ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction. ISIS-2 Lancet. 2:1988;349-360.
11. Theroux P., Ouimet H., McCans J., Latour J.G., Joly P., Levy G., Pelletier E., Juneau M., Stasiak J., deGuise P. Aspirin, heparin, or both to treat acute unstable angina. N Engl J Med. 319:1988;1105-1111.
12. Wallentin L. Aspirin (75 mg/day) after an episode of unstable coronary artery disease. Long-term effects on the risk for myocardial infarction, occurrence of severe angina and the need for revascularization. Research Group on Instability in Coronary Artery Disease in Southeast Sweden J Am Coll Cardiol. 18:1991;1587-1593.
13. Lewis H.D. Jr., Davis J.W., Archibald D.G., Steinke W.E., Smitherman T.C., Doherty J.E. III, Schnaper H.W., LeWinter M.M., Linares E., Pouget J.M., Sabharwal S.C., Chesler E., DeMots H. Protective effects of aspirin against acute myocardial infarction and death in men with unstable angina. Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med. 309:1983;396-403.
14. Cairns J., Gent M., Singer J., Finnie K.H., Froggatt G.M., Holder D.A., Jablonsky G., Kostuk W.J., Melendez L.J., Myers M.G. Aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or both in unstable angina. N Eng J Med. 313:1985;1369-1375.
15. Mctavish D., Faulds D., Goa K. Ticlopidine. An updated review of its pharmacology and therapeutic use in platelet-dependent disorders. Drugs. 40:1990;238-248.
16. Balsano F., Rizzon P., Violi F., Scrutinio D., Cimminiello C., Aguglia F., Pasotti C., Rudelli G. Antiplatelet treatment with ticlopidine in unstable angina. A controlled multicenter clinical trial. Circulation. 82:1990;17-26.
17. Herbert J.M., Frehel D., Rosso M.P., Seban E., Castet C., Pepin O., Maffrand J.P., Le Fur G. Biochemical and pharmacological activities of SR 26831, a potent and selective elastase inhibitor. Pharmacol Exp Ther. 260:1992;809-816.
18. The CAPRIE Steering Committee A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel vs. aspirin in patients at risk of ischemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet. 348:1996;1329-1339.
19. Lefkowits J., Plow E., Topol E. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors in cardiovascular medicine. N Engl J Med. 332:1995;1553-1558.
20. The EPIC Investigators Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty. N Engl J Med. 330:1994;956-961.
21. Topol E.J., Califf R.M., Weisman H.F., Ellis S.G., Tcheng J.E., Worley S., Ivanhoe R., George B.S., Fintel D., Weston M. Randomised trial of coronary intervention with antibody against platelet IIb/IIIa integrin for reduction of clinical restenosis. Results at six months Lancet. 343:1994;881-886.
22. Topol E.J., Ferguson J.J., Weisman H.F., Tcheng J.E., Ellis S.G., Kleiman N.S., Ivanhoe R.J., Wang A.L., Miller D.P., Anderson K.M., Califf R.M. Long-term protection from myocardial ischemic events in a randomized trial of brief integrin B3 blockade with percutaneous coronary intervention. JAMA. 278:1997;479-484.
23. Lincoff A.M., Tcheng J.E., Califf R.M., Bass T., Popma J.J., Teirstein P.S., Kleiman N.S., Hattel L.J., Anderson H.V., Ferguson J.J., Cabot C.F., Anderson K.M., Berdan L.G., Musco M.H., Weisman H.F., Topol E.J. Standard versus low dose weight-adjusted heparin in patients treated with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antibody fragment abciximab (c7E3) during percutaneous coronary revascularization. Am J Cardiol. 79:1997;286-291.
24. The EPILOG Investigators Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade and low-dose heparin during percutaneous coronary revascularization. N Engl J Med. 336:1997;1689-1696.
25. The CAPTURE Investigators Randomised placebo-controlled trial of abciximab before and during coronary intervention in refractory unstable angina. The CAPTURE study Lancet. 349:1997;1429-1435.
26. Brener S.J., Barr L.A., Burchenal J.E., Katz S., George B.S., Jones A.A., Cohen E.D., Gainey P.C., White H.J., Cheek H.B., Moses J.W., Moliterno D.J., Effron M.B., Topol E.J. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of abciximab with primary angioplasty for acute MI. The RAPPORT Trial. Circulation. 98:1998;734-741.
27. The Restore Investigators Effects of glycoprotein IIa/IIIb blockade with tirofiban on adverse cardiac events in patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary angioplasty. Circulation. 96:1997;1445-1453.
28. The IMPACT-II Investigators Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of eptifibatide on complications of percutaneous coronary intervention. IMPACT-II Lancet. 349:1997;1422-1428.
29. Harrington R.A., Kleiman N.S., Granger C.B., Ohman E.M., Berkowitz S.D. Relation between inhibition of platelet aggregation and clinical outcomes. Am Heart J. 136:1998;S43-S50.
30. The PRISM Investigators A comparison of aspirin plus tirofiban with aspirin plus heparin for unstable angina. N Engl J Med. 338:1998;1498-1505.
31. The PRISM-PLUS Investigators Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor with tirofiban in unstable angina and non-Q wave myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 338:1998;1488-1497.
32. The PURSUIT Investigators Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa with eptifibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The PURSUIT Trial Investigators. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in unstable angina. Receptor suppression using integrelin therapy N Engl J Med. 339:1998;436-443.
33. Vaughn D., Van Houtte E., Declerck P., Collen D. Streptokinase-induced platelet aggregation. Prevalence and mechanism Circulation. 84:1991;84-91.
34. Kleiman N.S., Ohman E.M., Califf R.M., George B.S., Kereiakes D., Aguirre F.V., Weisman H., Schaible T., Topol E.J. Profound inhibition of platelet aggregation with monoclonal antibody 7E3 Fab after thrombolytic therapy. Results of the Thrombolysis and Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (TAMI) 8 pilot study J Am Coll Cardiol. 22:1993;381-389.
35. Ohman E.M., Kleiman N.S., Gacioch G., Worley S.J., Navetta F.I., Talley J.D., Anderson H.V., Ellis S.G., Cohen M.D., Spriggs D., Miller M., Kereiakes D., Yakubov S., Kitt M.M., Sigmon K.N., Califf R.M., Krucoff M.W., Topol E.J. Combined accelerated tissue plasminogen activator and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin receptor blockade with integrelin in acute myocardial infarction. Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, dose ranging trial Circulation. 95:1997;846-854.
36. The PARADIGMA Investigators Combining thrombolysis with the platelet Gp IIb/IIIa inhibitor lamifiban. results of the Platelet Aggregation receptor Antagonist Dose Investigation and Reperfusion gain in Myocardial Infarction (PARADIGMA) trial J Am Coll Cardiol. 32:1998;2003-2010.
37. Gold H.K., Garabedian H.D., Dinsmore R.E., Guerrero L.J., Cigarroa J.E., Palacios I.F., Leinbach R.C. Restoration of coronary flow in myocardial infarction by intravenous chimeric 7E3 antibody without exogenous plasminogen activators. Observations in animals and humans Circulation. 95:1997;1755-1759.
38. Hirsch J. Heparin. N Engl J Med. 324:1991;1565-1574.
39. Hirsch J., Fuster V. Guide to anticoagulant therapy, Part 1 - Heparin, and Part 2 - Oral anticoagulants. Circulation. 89:1994;1449-1480.
40. Heras M., Chesebro J.H., Penny W.J., Bailey K.R., Badimon L., Fuster V. Effects of thrombin inhibition on the development of acute platelet thrombus deposition during angioplasty in pigs. Heparin vs. recombinant hirudin, a specific thrombin inhibitor Circulation. 79:1989;657-665.
41. Telford A., Wilson C. Trial of heparin vs. atenolol in prevention of myocardial infarction in intermediate coronary syndrome. Lancet. 1:1981;1225-1228.
42. Cohen M., Adams P.C., Parry G., Xiong J., Chamberlain D., Wieczorek I., Fox K.A., Chesebro J.H., Strain J., Keller C., Fuster V. Combination antithrombotic therapy in unstable rest angina and non-Q wave infarction in nonprior aspirin users. Primary end points analysis from the ATACS trial Circulation. 89:1994;81-88.
43. Hirsch J., Levine M. Low molecular weight heparin. Blood. 79:1992;1-17.
44. Fragmin during Instability in Coronary Artery Disease (FRISC) Study Group Low molecular weight heparin during instability in coronary artery disease. Lancet. 347:1996;561-568.
45. Gurfinkel E., Manos E., Mejail R. Low molecular weight heparin vs. regular heparin or aspirin in the treatment of unstable angina and silent ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 26:1995;313-318.
46. Cohen M., Demers C., Gurfinkel E.P., Turpie A.G., Fromell G.J., Goodman S., Langer A., Califf R.M., Fox K.A., Premmereur J., Bigonzi F. A comparison of low-molecular weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for unstable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 337:1997;447-452.
47. Klein W., Buchwald A., Hillis S.E., Monrad S., Sanz G., Turpie A.G., van der Meer J., Olaisson E., Undeland S., Ludwig K. Comparison of low-molecular weight heparin with unfractionated heparin acutely and with placebo for 6 weeks in the management of unstable coronary artery disease. Fragmin in Unstable Coronary Artery Disease Study (FRIC). Circulation. 96:1997;61-68.
48. Wood P. Acute and subacute coronary syndrome. Circulation. 24:1961;557-571.
49. Williams D.O., Kirby M.G., McPherson K., Phear D.N. Anticoagulant treatment in unstable angina. Br J Clin Pract. 40:1986;114-116.
50. Coumadin Aspirin Reinfarction Study (CARS) Investigators Randomised double-blind trial of fixed low-dose warfarin with aspirin after myocardial infarction. Lancet. 350:1997;389-396.
51. Anand S., Yusuf S., Pogue J., Weitz J., Flather M. Long-term oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with unstable angina or suspected non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. Organization to asses strategies for ischemic syndromes (OASIS) pilot study results Circulation. 98:1998;1064-1070.
52. The OASIS Investigators Comparison of the effects of two doses of recombinant hirudin compared with heparin in patients with acute myocardial ischemia without ST elevation. A pilot study. Circulation. 96:1997;769-777.
53. Bittl J.A., Strony J., Brinker J.A., Ahmed W.H., Meckel C.R., Chaitman B.R., Maraganore J., Deutsch E., Adelman B. Treatment with bivalirudin (hirulog) as compared with heparin during coronary angioplasty for unstable or postinfarction angina. N Engl J Med. 333:1995;764-769.
54. The Paragon Investigators International, Randomized, controlled trial of lamifiban (a platelet GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor), heparin, or both in unstable angina. Circulation. 97:1998;2386-2395.