Impacts from space: the implications for uniformitarian geology

Geological Society Special Publication

Volumn 150, Issue , 1999, Pages 89-117

  Marvin, Ursula B ^a  

^a HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CENTER FOR ASTROPHYSICS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HISTORY OF GEOLOGY; IMPACT;

EID: 0032785056     PISSN: 03058719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.150.01.06     Document Type: Article

References (124)

1. ALBRITTON, C. C., JR 1967. Uniformity, the ambiguous principle. In: ALBRITTON, C. C., JR (ed.) Uniformity and Simplicity: A Symposium on the principle of Uniformity of Nature. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 89, 1-2.
2. _ 1989. Catastrophic Episodes in Earth History. Chapman & Hall, New York.
3. ALLÈGRE, C. J., MANHÈS, G. & GÖPEL, C. 1995. The age of the Earth. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 1445-1456.
4. ALVAREZ, L. W., ALVAREZ, W., ASARO F. & MICHEL, H. V. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction: experiment results and theoretical interpretation. Science, 208, 1095-1108
5. ALVAREZ, W. 1997. T. rex and the Crater of Doom. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
6. _ & MULLER, R. A. 1984. Evidence from crater ages of periodic impacts on the Earth. Nature, 308, 718-720.
7. BALDWIN, R. B. 1942. The meteoritic origin of lunar craters. Popular Astronomy, 50, 365-359.
8. _ 1949. The Face of the Moon. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
9. _ 1963. The Measure of the Moon. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
10. BARRINGER, D. M. 1906. Coon Mt. and its crater. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 57, 861-886.
11. BEALS, C. S., INNES, M. J. S. & ROTTENBERG, J. A. 1963. Fossil meteorite craters. In: MIDDLEHURST, B. M. & KUIPER, G. P. (eds) The Moon, Meteorites, and Comets, 235-284. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
12. BERGGREN, W. A. & VAN COUVERING, J. A. (eds) 1984. Catastrophes and Earth History: The New Uniformitarianism. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
13. BHANDARI, N., SHUKLA, P. N. GHEVARIYA, Z. G. & SUNDARAM, S. M. 1996. K/T boundary layer in Deccan Intertrappeans at Anjar, Kutch. In: RYDER, G., FASTOVSKY, D. & GARTNER, S. (eds) The Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and Other Catastrophes in Earth History, Geological Society of America Special Paper, 307, 417-424.
14. BIOT, J. -B. 1803. Lettre à M. Picket. Bibliottèque Britannique, 23, 394-405.
15. BLUM, J. D. & CHAMBERLAIN, C. P. 1992. Oxygen isotope contraints on the origin of impact glasses from the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Science, 257, 1104-1107.
16. BOON, J. D. & ALBRITTON, C. C., JR 1936. Meteorite craters and their possible relationship to 'cryptovolcanic structures'. Field and Laboratory, 5, 1-9.
17. _ & _ 1937. Meteorite scars in ancient rocks. Field and Laboratory, 6, 53-64.
18. BRANCO, W. & FRAAS, E. 1905, Das kryptovulkanische Becken von Steinheim. Kaiserlich Preusse Akademie Wissenschaften Abhandlung, Berlin, 1-64.
19. BRAY, J. V. G. ET AL. 1966. Shatter cones at Sudbury. Journal of Geology, 74, 243-245.
20. BROCK, B. B. 1965. Discussion of a paper by W. I. Manton. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 123(2), 367-1257.
21. BUCHER, W. H. 1936. Cryptovolcanic structures in the United States. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Geological Congress, USA, 2, 1055-1084.
22. _ 1963. Cryptoexplosion structures caused from without or from within the earth? ('Astroblemes' or 'Geoblemes?'). American Journal of Science, 261, 597-649.
23. CAMERON, A. G. W. 1997. The origin of the Moon and the single impact hypothesis V. Icarus, 126, 126-137.
24. CANNON, W. F. 1961. The impact of uniformitarianism. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 105(3), 301-309.
25. CARUSI, A., GEHRELS, T., HELIN, E. F. ET AL. 1994. Near-Earth objects: present search programs. In: GEHRELS, T. (ed.) Hazards Due to Comets and Asteroids. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 127-128.
26. CHATTERJEE, S. & RUDRA, D. K. 1996. KT events in India: impact, rifting, volcanism and dinosaur extinction. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 39(3), 489-532.
27. CHLADNI, E. F. F. 1787. Entdeckungen über die Theorie des Klanges. Weldnanns Erben und Reich, Leipzig.
28. _ 1794. Über den Ursprung der von Pallas Gefundenen und anderer ihr ähnlicher Eisenmassen, und Über Einige Damit in Verbindung stehende Naturerscheinungen. Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, Riga.
29. CHYBA, C. F., OWEN, T. C. & IP, W.-H. 1994. In: GEHRELS, T. (ed.) Hazards due to comets and asteroids. University of Arizona Press,Tucson, 9-58.
30. DAVIS, M., HUT, P. & MULLER, R. A. 1984. Extinction of species by periodic comet showers. Nature, 308, 715-717.
31. DAVIS, W. M. 1926. Biographical memoir of Grove Karl Gilbert 1843-1918. National Academy of Science Biographical Memoirs, 21. US Govt Printing Office, Washington DC.
32. DE BOURNON, J. L. COMTE 1802. Mineralogical descriptions of the various stones said to have fallen upon the Earth; and description of various kinds of native iron. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 92, 180-186, 203-210.
33. DE BUFFON, G. L.-C. 1749. Histoire naturelle, général et particulière, avec la description du Cabinet du Roi. Tome Premiere. l'Imprimerie Royale, Paris.
34. DE LAUBENFELS, M. W. 1956. Dinosaur extinction: one more hypothesis. Journal of Paleontology, 30, 207-218.
35. DE MAUPERTUIS, PI. L. M. 1750. Essay de Cosmologie. IN: Les Oeuvres de M. de Maupertius. George Conrad Walther, Dresden (1752), 3-55.
36. DIETZ, R. S. 1946. Meteorite impact origin of the moon's surface features. Journal of Geology, 54, 359-374.
37. _ 1947. Meteorite impact suggested by the orientation of shatter-cones at the Kentland, Indiana, Disturbance. Science, 105, 76.
38. _ 1959. Shatter cones in cryptoexplosion structures (meteorite impact?). Journal of Geology, 67, 496-505.
39. _ 1959. Meteorite impact suggested by shatter cones in rock. Science, 131, 1781-1784.
40. _ 1962. Sudbury structure as an astrobleme. [Abstract], Preprinted from Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 43(4), 445-446.
41. _ & BUTLER, L. 1964. Shatter-cone orientation at Sudbury, Canada. Nature, 204, 4955.
42. _ 1995. Letter to Ursula Marvin, 5 April.
43. FISCHER, A. G. & ARTHUR, M. A. 1977. Secular variations in the pelagic realm. In: COOK, H. E. & ENOS, P. (eds) Deep-water carbonate environments. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Special Paper, 25, 9-25.
44. FRENCH, B. M. 1967. Sudbury Structure, Ontario: some petrographic evidence for origin by meteorite impact. Science, 156, 0094-1098.
45. _ & SHORT, N. M. (eds) 1968. Shock Metamorphism of Natural Materials. Mono Book Corporation, Baltimore.
46. GEIKIE, A. 1897. The Founders of Geology. Macmillan, London.
47. GIFFORD, A. C. 1930. The origin of the surface features of the Moon. Scientia, 48, 69-80.
48. GILBERT, G. K. 1893. The Moon's face: a study of the origin of its features. Bulletin of the Philosophical Society of Washington, 12, 241-292.
49. _ 1896. The origin of hypotheses, illustrated by the discussion of a topographic problem. Science, 3, 1-24.
50. GLEN, W. 1996. Observations on the mass-extinction debates. In: RYDER, G., FASTOVSKY, D. & GARTNER, S. (eds) The Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and Other Catastrophes in Earth History. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 307, 39-54.
51. GOULD, S. J. 1965. Is uniformitarianism necessary? American Journal of Science, 263, 223-228.
52. _ 1987. Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle: Myth and Metaphor in the Discovery of Geological Time. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, MA.
53. GRIEVE, R. A. F. 1997. Target Earth: evidence for large-scale impact events. In: REMO, J. L. (ed.) Near-Earth Objects: The United Nations International Conference. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 822, 319-352.
54. _, RUPERT, J., SMITH, J. & THERRIAULT, A. 1995. The record of terrestrial impact cratering. GSA Today, 5(10), 194-196.
55. HAGER, D. 1953. Crater Mound (Meteor Crater), Arizona, a geologic feature. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 37, 821-857.
56. HALLAM, A. 1984. The causes of mass extinctions. Nature, 308, 686-687.
57. HALLEY, E. 1694. Some farther thoughts upon the same subject [the universal deluge]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 33, (1724-1725), 123-125.
58. _ 1705. Astronomiae cometicae synopsis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 24, 1882-1889.
59. HALLIDAY, I., BLACKWELL, A. T. & GRIFFIN, A. A. 1984. The frequency of meteorite falls on the Earth. Science, 223, 1045-1047.
60. HAMILTON, W. 1795. An account of the late eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 85, 73-116.
61. HILDEBRAND, A. R. 1997. Personal communication.
62. _, PENFIELD, G. T., KRING, D. A., PILKINGTON, M., CAMARGO, A., JACOBSEN, S. B. & BOYNTON, W. V. 1991. Chicxulub Crater: a possible Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary impact crater on the Yucatán Peninsula. Geology, 19, 867-871.
63. HILLS, J. G. 1981. Comet showers and the steady-state infall of comets from the Oort cloud. Astronomical Journal, 86, 1730-1740.
64. HOLLAND, H. D. 1997. Personal communication.
65. HOOKE, R. 1665. Micrographia. John Martyn & James Allestry, London.
66. HOWARD, E. C. 1802. Experiments and observations on certain stony and metalline substances, which at different times are said to have fallen on the Earth; also on various kinds of native iron. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 92, 168-175, 179-180, 186-203, 210-212.
67. HUTTON, J. 1788. On the theory of the Earth; or an investigation of the laws observable in the composition, dissolution, and restoration of the globe. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1, 209-304.
68. _ 1795. Theory of the Earth with Proofs and Illustrations. 2 vols. Creech, Edinburgh.
69. KRING, D. A. 1993. The Chicxulub impact event and possible causes of K/T boundary extinctions. In: BOAZ, D. & FORNAN, M. (eds) Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium of Fossils of Arizona. Mesa Southwest Museum and the Southwest Paleontological Society, Mesa, Arizona, 63-79.
70. KRINOV, E. L. 1952. Giant Meteorites, Tunguska and Sikhote-Alin. Translated by J. S. Romankiewic. Pergamon Press, Oxford and New York.
71. LYELL, C. 1830-1833. Principles of Geology. Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface by References to Causes Now in Operation. 3 vols. James Murray, London.
72. LYELL, K. M. 1881. Life, Letters and Journals of Sir Charles Lyell. 3 vols. John Murray, London.
73. MCLAREN, D. J. 1970. Presidential address: Time, life, and the boundaries. Journal of Paleontology, 44, 801-815.
74. MARK, K. 1987. Meteorite Craters. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
75. MARSDEN, B. G. 1997. Personal communication.
76. MARVIN, U. B. 1986. Meteorites, the Moon, and the history of geology. Journal of Geological Education, 34, 140-165.
77. _ 1990. Impact and its revolutionary implications for geology. In: SHARPTON, V. L. & WARD, P. D. (eds) Global Catastrophes in Earth History; An Interdisciplinary Conference on Impacts, Volcanism, and Mass Mortality. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 247, 147-154.
78. _ 1992. The meteorite of Ensisheim:1492 to 1992. Meteoritics, 27, 28-72.
79. _ 1993. The Meteoritical Society: 1933 to 1993. Meteoritics, 28, 261-314.
80. _ 1996. Ernst Florens Friedrich Chladni 1756-1827 and the origins of modern meteorite research. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 31, 545-588.
81. MORGAN, J. ET AL. 1997. Size and morphology of the Chicxulub impact crater. Nature, 390, 472-476.
82. NAPIER, W. M. 1987, The origin and evolution of the Oort cloud. In: CEPLECHA, Z. & PECINA, P. (eds) Interplanetary Matter. Publications of the Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 67(2), 13-20.
83. _ & CLUBE, S. V. M. 1979. A theory of terrestrial catastrophism. Nature, 282, 455-459.
84. NEWTON, I. 1687. Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. Royal Society, London.
85. _ 1704. Opticks: Or a Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexsion and Colours of Light. 4 vols. S. Smith & B. Walford, London.
86. NININGER, H. H. 1942. Cataclysm and evolution. Contributions to the Society for Research on Meteorites, 1, 27-29.
87. ÖPIK, E. J. 1958. On the catastrophic effects of collisions with celestial bodies. Irish Astronomical Journal, 5, 34-36.
88. PETAEV, M. I. 1992. Meteorite Sterlitamak: a new crater-forming fall. [Abstract] Meteoritics, 27, 276.
89. PLAYFAIR, J. 1802. Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth. Creech, Edinburgh.
90. PROCTOR, R. A. 1873. The Moon; Her Motions, Aspects, Scenery and Physical Condition. Longmans, Green & Co., London.
91. RAMPINO, M. R. & CALDEIRA, K. 1993. Major episodes of geologic change: correlations, time structure and possible causes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 114, 215-227.
92. _ & STOTHERS, R. B. 1984. Terrestrial mass extinctions, cometary impacts and the Sun's motion perpendicular to the galactic plane. Nature, 308, 709-711.
93. RAUP, D. M. 1986. The Nemesis Affair. W. W. Norton, New York.
94. _ 1991. Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck? W. W. Norton, New York.
95. _ & SEPKOSKI, J. J., JR 1984. Periodicity of extinctions in the geologic past. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 81, 801-804.
96. RYDER, G, FASTOVSKY, & GARTNER, S. (EDS) 1996. New Developments in the Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and other Catastrophies in Earth History. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 307.
97. SCHINDEWOLF, O. H. 1962. Neokatastrophismus? Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft, 114, 430-435.
98. SCHWARTZ, R. D. & JAMES, P. B. 1984. Periodic mass extinctions and the Sun's oscillation about the galactic plane. Nature, 308, 712-713.
99. SHARPTON, V. L. & WARD, P. D. (EDS) 1990. Global Catastrophes in Earth History: An Interdisciplinary Conference on Impacts, Volcanism, and Mass Mortality. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 247.
100. _, MARÍN, L. E., CARNEY, J. L. ET AL. 1996. A model of the Chicxulub impact basin based on evaluation of geophysical data, well logs, and drill core samples. In: RYDER, G., FASTOVSKY, D. & GARTNER, S. (eds) New Developments in The Cretaceous-Tertiary Event and other Catastrophes in Earth History. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 307, 5574.
101. SHAW, H. 1994. Craters, Cosmos, and Chronicles: A New Theory of the Earth. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, CA.
102. SHEA, J. H. 1982. Twelve fallacies of uniformitarianism. Geology, 10, 455-460.
103. SHIGERU, I., CANUP, R. M., & STEWART, G. R. 1997. Lunar accretion from an impact-generated disk. Nature, 389, 353-357.
104. SHOEMAKER, E. M. 1960. Penetration mechanics of high velocity meteorites, illustrated by Meteor Crater, Arizona. In: 21st International Geological Congress, Det Berlingske Bogtrykken Copenhagen, 418-434.
105. SIGGURDSON, H., D'HONDT, S., ARTHUR, M. A., BRALOWER, T. J., ZACHOS, J. C., FOSSEN, M., & CHANNELL, J. E. T. 1991. Glass from the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in Haiti. Nature, 349, 482-487.
106. SILVER, L. T. & SCHULTZ, P. H. (EDS) 1982. Geological Implications of Impacts of Large Asteroids and Comets on the Earth. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 190.
107. SOLDANI, D. A. 1794. Sopra una Piogetta di Sassi Accaduta nella sera de' 16. Giugno del MDCCXCIV in Lucignan d'Asso nel Sanese. Dissertazione. Pier Francisco Rossi, Stampatore, con Approviazione, Siena.
108. SOUTHEY, R. 1797. Letters Written during a Short Residence in Spain and Portugal. Joseph Cottle, Bristol, 355-358.
109. SPENCER, L. J. 1933. Meteoric iron and silica glass from the meteorite craters of Henbury (central Australia) and Wabar (Arabia). Mineralogical Magazine, 23, 387-404.
110. 39Ar ages of 65.0 million years ago from Chicxulub crater melt rock and Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary tektites. Science, 257, 954-958.
111. TATA, D. 1794. Memoria Sulla Pioggia di Pietre avvenuta nella Campagna Sanese il Dì 16. di Giugno de questo corrente anno. Aniello Nobile, Naples.
112. TAYLOR, S. R. 1992. Solar System Evolution: A new perspective. Press Syndicate, University of Cambridge, UK.
113. THADDEUS, P. & CHANAN, G. A. 1985. Cometary impacts, molecular clouds, and the Sun's perpendicular motion perpendicular to the galactic plane. Nature, 314, 73-75.
114. THOMSON, G. W. 1794a. Seven letters. In: SOLDANI, D. A. Sopra una Piogetta di Sassi Accaduta nella sera de' 16. Giugno del MDCCXCIV in Lucignan d'Asso nel Sanese. Dissertazione. Pier Francisco Rossi, Stampatore, con Approviazione, Siena. 237-263, 275-282.
115. _ 1794b. Letter on mineral composition of Siena stone. In: TATA, D. Memoria sulla Pioggia di Pietre avventa nella Campagna Sanese il Di 16. di Giugno de questo Corrente anno. Aniello Nobile, Naples, 51-70.
116. TOPHAM, E. 1797. Letter to Mr. Urban. Gentlemen's Magazine, 67, 549-551.
117. UREY, H. C. 1973. Cometary collisions and geological periods. Nature, 242, 32-33.
118. WETHERILL, G. W. & SHOEMAKER, E. M. 1982. Collision of astronomically observable bodies with the Earth. In: SILVER, L. T. & SCHULTZ, P. H. (eds) Geological Implications of Impacts of Large Asteroids and Comets on the Earth. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 190, 1-14.
119. WHEWELL, W. 1832. Principles of Geology ... By Charles Lyell, Esq. F.R.S., Professor of Geology in King's College, London. Vol II. London. Quarterly Review, 47, 103-132.
120. WHISTON, W. 1696. A New Theory of the Earth, from Its Original to the Consummation of All Things. R. Roberts, London.
121. WHITMIRE, D. P. & JACKSON, A. A., IV 1984. Are periodic mass extinctions driven by a distant solar companion? Nature, 308, 713-715.
122. _ & MATESE, J. J. 1985. Periodic comet showers and Planet X. Nature, 313, 36.
123. WILHELMS, D. E. 1993. To a Rocky Moon: A Geologist's History of Lunar Exploration. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
124. WILLIAMS, J. L. 1802. Account of the explosion of a meteor, near Benares, in the East Indies and of the falling of some stones at the same time, about 14 miles from that city. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 92, 175-179.