Neurobiology of the upper and lower airways

Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Supplement

Volumn 54, Issue 57, 1999, Pages 81-93

  Undem, Bradley J ^a   McAlexander, M ^a   Hunter, Dawn D ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; NEUROTROPHIN;

ANATOMY; AUTONOMIC NERVE; HUMAN; LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NEUROBIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFLEX ARC; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFLAMMATION; REVIEW; SENSORY NERVE; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT;

ANIMALS; ASTHMA; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; BRONCHI; HUMANS; NASAL MUCOSA; NEURONAL PLASTICITY; NEURONS, AFFERENT; NEUROPEPTIDES; REFLEX; RHINITIS;

EID: 0032742109     PISSN: 01081675     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (115)

1. 1. Pedersen KE, Myers AC, Umdem BJ. Neurobiology of the airways. In: Holgate ST, editor. Asthma: inflammatory mechanisms. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1998:571-597.
2. 2. Grunditz T, Uddman R, Sundler F. Origin and peptide content of nerve fibers in the nasal mucosa of rats. Anat Embryol 1994;189:327-337.
3. 3. Lee Y, Kawai Y, Shiosaka S, et al. Coexistence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P-like peptide in single cells of the trigeminal ganglion of the rat: immunohistochemical analysis. Brain Res 1985;330:194-196.
4. 4. Lundblad L, Lundberg JM, Brodin E, Änggard A, Origin and distribution of capsaicin-sensitive substance P-immunoreactive nerves in the nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1983;96:485-493.
5. 5. Lundblad L. Protective reflexes and vascular effects in the nasal mucosa elicited by activation of capsaicin-sensitive substance-P immunoreactive trigeminal neurons. Acta Physiol Scand 1984;529:1-42.
6. 4. J Neurocytol 1991;20:716-731.
7. 7. Reuss S, Riemann R, Vollrath L. Substance P-and calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion - with special reference to meningeal and pineal innervation. Acta Histochem 1992;92:104-109.
8. 8. Finger TE, St Jeor VL, Kinnamon JC, Silver WL. Ultrastructure of substance P-and CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the nasal epithelium of rodents. J Comp Neurol 1990;294:293-305.
9. 9. Coleridge HM, Coleridge JCG. Neurobiology of the bronchial airways. In: Barnes PJ, editor. Autonomic control of the respiratory system. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997:39-58.
10. 10. Riccio M, Kummer W, Myers AC, Undem BJ. Interganglionic segregation of airway vagal afferent fiber phenotypes. J Physiol 1996;496:521-530.
11. 11. Kummer W, Fischer A, Kurkowski R, Heym C. The sensory and sympathetic innervation of guinea-pig lung and trachea as studied by retrograde neuronal tracing and double-labelling immunohistochemistry. Neuroscience 1992;49:715-737.
12. 12. Kummer W. Ultrastructure of calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerve fibres in guinea-pig peribronchial ganglia. Regul Peptides 1992;37:135-142.
13. 13. Baluk P, Nadel JA, McDonald DM. Substance P-immunoreactive sensory axons in the rat respiratory tract: a quantitative study of their distribution and role in neurogeneic inflammation. J Comp Neurol 1992;319:586-598.
14. 14. Golding-Wood PH. Observations on petrosal and vidian neurectomy in chronic vasomotor rhinitis. J Laryngol Otol 1961;75:232-247.
15. 15. Nomura Y, Matsurra T. Distribution and clinical significance of the autonomic nervous system in human nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1972;77:493-4501.
16. 16. Katahashi T, Kanda T, Konno A. Distribution of choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) immunoreactive nerve fibers in the nasal mucosa; especially in the respiratory epithelium. Auris Nasus Larynx 1997;24:271-277.
17. 17. Baraniuk JN, Kaliner MA. Functional activity of upper-airway nerves. In: Busse WW, Holgate ST, editors. Asthma and rhinitis. Cambridge: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1995:651-666.
18. 18. Franke FE, Branlante PO. Spinal origin of nasal vasoconstrictor innervation in the dog. Proc Soc Exp Biol 1964;117:769.
19. 19. Wang H-W, Su W-Y, Wang J-Y. Retrograde axonal transport of true blue dye by the peripheral autonomic nerves in canine nasal mucosa. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1987;244:295-299.
20. 20. Potter EK. Neuropeptide Y as an autonomic neurotransmitter. Pharmacol Ther 1988;37:251-273.
21. 21. Lacroix JS, Änggard A, Hökfelt T, O'Hare MM, Fahrenkrug J, Lundberg JM. Neuropeptide Y presence in sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the nasal mucosa. Cell Tissue Res 1990;259:119-128.
22. 22. Revington M, Lacroix JS, Potter EK. Sympathetic and parasympathetic interaction in vascular and secretory control of the nasal mucosa in anaesthesized dogs. J Physiol 1997;505:823-831.
23. 23. Kalia M. Brain stem localization of vagal preganglionic neurons. J Autonom Nerv Syst 1981;3:451-481.
24. 24. Undem BJ, Myers AC. Neurobiology of the airways. In: Barnes PJ, editor. Autonomic control of the respiratory system. London: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997:87-117.
25. 25. Canning BJ, Undem BJ. In: Raebum D, Giembycz MA, editors. Airways smooth muscle; structure, innervation and neurotransmission. Basel: Birkhauser Verlag, 1994:43-78.
26. 26. Ellis JL, Undem BJ. Pharmacology of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves in airway smooth muscle. Pulmunol Pharmacol 1994;7:205-223.
27. 27. Canning BJ, Undem BJ. Evidence that the parasympathetic pathway mediating relaxation of guinea-pig trachealis is distinct from that mediating contraction. J Physiol 1993;471:25-40.
28. 28. Canning BJ, Undem BJ, Karakousis PC, Dey RD. Effects of organotypic cultures on cholinergic and noncholinergic parasympathetic nerves innervating airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 1996;271:L698-L706.
29. 29. Fischer A, Canning BC, Undem BJ, Kummer W. Evidence for an esophageal origin of VIP and NO synthase-ir nerves innervating the guinea pig trachealis: a retrograde neuronal tracing immunohistochemical analysis. J Compar Neurol 1998;394:326-334.
30. 30. Rogers DF, Barnes PJ. In: Barnes PJ, editor. Autonomic control of the respiratory system. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997:229-248.
31. 31. Rogers DF, In: Barnes PJ, editor. Autonomic control of the respiratory system. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997:201-227.
32. 32. Richardson J, Beland J. Nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in human airways. J Appl Physiol 1976;41:764-771.
33. 33. Partanen M, Laitinen A, Hervonen A, Tolvanen M, Laitinen LA. Catecholamine-and acetylcholinesterase-containing nerves in human lower respiratory tract. Histochemistry 1982;76:175-188.
34. 34. Sheppard D, Rizk NW, Roushley HA, Bethel RA, Mechanism of cough and bronchoconstriction induced by distilled water aerosol. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983;127:691-694.
35. 35. Paintal AS. The conduction velocities of respiratory and cardiovascular afferent fibres in the vagus nerve. J Physiol 1953;121:341-359.
36. 36. Erlanger J, Gasser HS. The compound nature of the action current of nerve as disclosed by the cathode ray oscillograph. Am J Physiol 1924;70:624-666.
37. 37. Knowlton GC, Larrabee MG. A unitary analysis of pulmonary volume receptors. Am J Physiol 1946; 147:100-114.
38. 38. Widdicombe JG. Respiratory reflexes excited by inflation of the king. J Physiol 1954;123;105-115.
39. 39. Angell-James JE, DeBurgh-Daly M. Reflex respiratory and cardiovascular effects of stimulation of receptors in the nose of the dog. J Physiol 1972;220:101-105.
40. 40. Proctor DF, Andersen I. The nose: upper airway physiology and the atmospheric environment. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press, 1982.
41. 41. Sckizawa S, Tsubone H, Kuwahara M, Sugano S. Nasal receptors responding to cold and menthol airflow in the guinea pig. Respir Physiol 1996;103:211-219.
42. 42. Philip G, Jankowski R, Baroody FM, Naclerio RM, Togias AG. Reflex activation of nasal secretion by unilateral inhalation of cold dry air. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993;148:1616-1622.
43. 43. Sant'Ambrogio G, Tsubone H, Sant'Ambrogio FB. Sensory information from the upper airway: role in the control of breathing. Respir Physiol 1995;102:1-16.
44. 44. Bruce AN. Vaso-dilator axon reflexes. Am J Exp Physiol 1913;6:339-354.
45. 45. Takeda N, Kalubi B, Takeda J, et al. Neurogenic inflammation in nasal allergy: histochemical and pharmacological studies in guinea pigs. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1993;501:21-24.
46. 5)-enkephalinamide. Eur J Pharmacol 1982;85:171-179.
47. 47. Widdicombe JG. Neuroregulation of the nose and bronchi. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26(Suppl. 3):S32-S35.
48. 48. Rogers DF. Reflexly runny noses: neurogenic inflammation in the nasal mucosa. Clin Exp Allergy 1996;26:365-367.
49. 49. Philip G, Baroody FM, Proud D, Naclerio RM, Togias AG. The human nasal response to capsaicin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1994;94:1035-1045.
50. 50. Sanico AM, Atsuta S, Proud D, Togias A. Dose-dependent effects of capsaicin: nasal in vivo evidence of human airway neurogenic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:632-641.
51. 51. Widdicombe JG, Nadel JA. Reflex effects of lung inflation on tracheal volume. J Appl Physiol 1963;18:681-686.
52. 52. Pedersen KE, Meeker SN, Riccio MM, Undem BJ. Selective stimulation of jugular ganglion afferent neurons in guinea pig airways by hypertonic saline. Am Rev Crit Care Med 1988;84:499-506.
53. 53. Komatsu T, Yamamoto M, Shimokata K, Nagura H. Distribution of substance P-immunoreactive and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerves in normal human lungs. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1991;95:23-28.
54. 54. Lundberg JM, Hökfelt T, Martling C-R, Sada A, Cuello C. Substance P-immunoreactive sensory nerves in the lower respiratory tract of various mammals including man. Cell Tissue Res 1984;235:251-261.
55. 55. Myers AC, Undem BJ, Kummer W. Anatomical and electrophysiological comparison of the sensory innervation of bronchial and tracheal parasympathetic ganglion neurons. J Auton Nerv Syst 1996;61:162-168.
56. 56. Myers AC, Undem BJ. Electrophysiological effects of tachykinins and capsaicin on guinea-pig bronchial parasympathetic ganglion neurones. J Physiol 1993;470:665-679.
57. 57. Canning BJ, Undem BJ. Evidence that antidromic stimulation of vagal afferents elicits excitation of inhibitory neurones innervating guinea-pig trachealis. J Physiol (Lond) 1994;480:613-625.
58. 58. Eccles R. The vasculature of the nose. In: Proctor DF, Andersen I, editors. The nose: upper airway physiology and the atmospheric environment. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press, 1982:191-214.
59. 59. Eccles R, Wilson H. The parasympathetic secretory nerves of the nose of the cat. J Physiol 1973;230:213-223.
60. 60. Eccles R, Wilson H. The autonomic innervation of the nasal blood vessels of the cat. J Physiol 1974;238:549-560.
61. 61. Raphael GD, Meredith SD, Baraniuk JN, Kaliner MA. Nasal reflexes. Am J Rhinol 1988;2:8-12.
62. 62. Baraniuk JN, Kaliner MA. In: Barnes PJ, editor. Autonomic comrol of the respiratory system. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1997:291-312.
63. 63. Lundberg JM, Änggard A, Fahrenkrug J, Hökfelt T, Mutt V. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in cholinergic neurons of exocrine glands: functional significance of coexisting transmitters for vasodilation and secretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980;77:1651-1655.
64. 64. Uddman R, Alumets I, Dersere O, Hakanson O, Sundler F. Occurrence and distribution of VIP nerves in the nasal mucosa and tracheobronchial wall. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1978;86:443-448.
65. 65. Cole P, Mintz S, Niinimaa V, Silverman F. Nasal acrodynamics. J Otolaryngol 1979;8:191-195.
66. 66. Haight JSJ, Cole P. The site and function of the nasal valve. Laryngoscope 1983;93:49-55.
67. 67. Jammes Y, Mei N. Assessment of the pulmonary origin of bronchoconstrictor vagal tone. J Physiol 1979;291:305-316.
68. 68. Mitchell RA, Herbert DA, Baker DG, Basbaum CB. In vivo activity of tracheal parasympathetic ganglion cells innervating tracheal smooth muscle. Brain Res 1987;437:157-160.
69. 69. Horisberger B, Rodbard S. Direct measurement of bronchial artery flow. Circ Res 1960;8:1149-1156.
70. 70. Jindal SK, Lakshiminarayan S, Kirk W, Butler J. Effect of cervical vagotomy on anastomotic bronchial blood flow after pulmonary artery obstruction in dogs. Indian J Med Res 1985;81:83-85.
71. 71. Lung MA, Wang JCC, Cheng KK. Bronchial circulation: an auto-perfusion method for assessing its vasomotor activity and the study of α-and β-adrenoceptors in the bronchial artery. Life Sci 1976;19:577-580.
72. 72. Murao H. Nervous regulation of the bronchial vascular system. Jpn Circ J 1965;65:829-834.
73. 73. Phipps RJ, Williams IP, Richardson PS, Pell J, Pack RH, Wright N. Sympathomimetic drugs stimulate the output of secretory glycoproteins from human bronchi in vitro. Clin Sci 1982;63:23-22.
74. 74. Peatfield AC, Richardson PS. The control mucin secretion into the lumen of the cat trachea by α-and β-adrenoceptors, and their relative involvement during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Eur J Pharmacol 1982;81:617-626.
75. 4 -macromolecule secretion from tracheal glands of ferrets. J Appl Physiol 1984;57:457-466.
76. 76. Baker B, Peatfield AC, Richardson PS. Nervous control of mucin secretion into human bronchi. J Physiol 1985;365:297-305.
77. 77. Widdicombe JG, Wells UM. In: Raebum D, Gymbiecz M, editors. Airways smooth muscle: structure innervation and neurotransmission. Basel: Birkhauser Verlag AG, 1994:279-307.
78. 78. Nolte D, Berger D. On vagal bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients by nasal irritation. Eur J Respir Dis 1983;64(Suppl. 128):110-114.
79. 79. Kaufman J, Wright GW. The effect of nasal and nasopharyngeal irritation on airway resistance in man. Am Rev Respir Dis 1969;100:626-630.
80. 80. Galeazza MT, Garry MG, Yost HJ, Strait KA, Hargreves KM, Seybold VS. Plasticity in the synthesis and storage of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide in primary afferent neurons during peripheral inflammation. Neuroscience 1995;66:443 458.
81. 81. Sharkey KA. Substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in gastrointestinal inflammation. Ann NY Acad Sci 1992;664:425-442.
82. 82. Woolf CJ, Walter 2ET. Common patterns of plasticity contributing to nociceptive sensitization in mammals and aplysia. TINS 1991;14:74-78.
83. 83. Kerånen U, Kiviluoto T, Järvinen H, Bäck N, Kivilaakso E, Soinila S. Changes in substance P-immunoreactive innervation of human colon associated with ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 1995;40:2250-2258.
84. 84. Fujishima H, Takeyama M, Takeuchi T, Saito I, Tsubota K. Elevated levels of substance P in tears of patients with allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Clin Exp Allergy 1997;27:372-378.
85. 85. Levi-Montalcini R, Skaper SD, DalToso R, Petrelli L, Leon A. Nerve growth factor: from neurotrophin to neurokine. Trends Neurosci 1996;19:514-520.
86. 86. Dmitrieva N, Shelton D, Rice ASC, McMahon JB. The role of nerve growth factor in a model of visceral inflammation. Neuroscience 1997;78:449-459.
87. 87. Dmitrieva N, McMahon SB. Sensitisation of visceral afferents by nerve growth factor in the adult rat. Pain 1996;66:87-97.
88. 88. Lewin GR, Barde Y-A. Physiology of the neurotrophins. Annu Rev Neurosci 1996;19:289-317.
89. 89. Bonini S, Ambiase A, Bonini S, Angelucci F, Magrini I, Manni L, Aloe L. Circulating nerve growth factor levels are increased in humans with allergic diseases and asthma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:10955-10960.
90. 90. Leon A, Buriani A, Toso RD, et al. Mast cells synthesizer store, and release nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:3739-3743.
91. 91. Hunter DD, Castranova V, Stanley C, Dey RD. Effects of silica exposure on substance P immunoreactivity and preprotachykinin MRNA expression in trigeminal sensory neurons in Fischer 344 rats. J Toxicol Environ Health 1998;53:593-605.
92. 92. Hunter DD. Identification, neuropeptide-content and irritant responses of trigeminal neurons innervating the nasal epithelium. Morgantown: PhD Thesis, West Virginia University, 1997:154.
93. 93. Fischer A, McGregor GP, Saria A, Philippin B, Kummer W. Induction of tachykinin gene and peptide expression in guinea pig nodose primary afferent neurons by allergic airway inflammation. J Clin Invent 1996;98:2284-2291.
94. 94. Jacoby DB, Tamaoki J, Borson B, Nadel JA. Influenza infection causes airway hyperresponsiveness by decreasing enkephalinase. J Appl Physiol 1988;64:2653-2658.
95. 95. Lilly CM, Kobzik L, Hall A, Drazen JM. Effects of chronic airway inflammation on the activity and enzymatic inactivation of neuropeptides in guinea pig lungs. J Clin Invest 1994;93:2667-2674.
96. 96. Rolla G, Colagrande P, Scappaticci E, et al. Damage of the pharyngeal mucosa and hyperresponsiveness of airway in sinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:52-47.
97. 97. Figueroa JM, Mansilla E, Suburo AM. Innervation of nasal turbinate blood vessels in rhinitic and nonrhinitic children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157:1959-1966.
98. 98. Tomaki M, Ichinose M, Nakajima N. Elevated substance P concentration in sputum after hypertonic saline inhalation in asthma and chronic bronchitis patients. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993;147:A474.
99. 99. Nieber K, Baumgarten CR, Rathsack R, Furkert J, Oehme P, Kunkel G. Substance P and P-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in lavage fluids of subjects with and without allergic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992;90:646-652.
100. 100. Ollerenshaw SL, Jarvis D, Sullivan CE, Woolcock AJ. Substance P immunoreactive nerves in airways from asthmatics and nonasthmatics. Eur Respir J 1991;4:673-682.
101. 101. Howarth PH, Djukanovic R, Wilson JW, Holgate ST, Springall DR, Polak JM. Mucosal nerves in endobronchial biopsies in asthma and non-asthma. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1991;94:330-333.
102. 102. Riccio MM, Myers AC, Undem BJ. Immunomodulation of afferent neurons in guinea-pig isolated airway. J Physiol 1996;491:499-509.
103. 103. Undem BJ, Weinreich D. Electrophysiological properties and chemosensitivity of guinea pig nodose ganglion neurons in vitro. J Auton Nerv Syst 1993;44:17-34.
104. 104. Undem BJ, Hubbard W, Weinreich D. Immunologically induced neuromodulation of guinea pig nodose ganglion neurons. J Auton Nerv Syst 1993;44:35-44.
105. 105. Myers AC, Undem BJ, Weinreich D. Influence of antigen on membrane properties of guinea pig bronchial ganglion neurons. J Appl Physiol 1991;71:970-976.
106. 106. Undem BJ, Riccio MM, Weinreich D, Ellis JL, Myers AC. Neurophysiology of mast cell-nerve interactions in the airways. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1995;107:199-201.
107. 107. Ellis JL, Undem BJ. Antigen-induced enhancement of noncholinergic contractile responses to vagus nerve and electrical field stimulation in guinea pig isolated trachea. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992;262:646-653.
108. 108. Fryer AD, Wills-Karp M. Dysfunction of M2-muscarinic receptors in pulmonary parasympathetic nerves after antigen challenge. J Appl Physiol 1991;71:2255-2261.
109. 109. Riccio MM, Proud D. Evidence that enhanced nasal reactivity to bradykinin in symptomatic allergic individuals is mediated by neural reflexes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;97:1252-1263.
110. 110. Greiff L, Svensson C, Andersson M, Persson CGA. Effects of topical capsaicin in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Thorax 1995;50:225-229.
111. 111. Shustei-man DJ, Murphy MA, Balmes JR. Subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis and nonrhinitic subjects react differentially to nasal provocation with chlorine gas. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;101:732-740.
112. 112. Sanico AM, Atsuta S, Proud D, Togias A. Plasma extravasation through neuronal stimulation in human nasal mucosa in the setting of allergic rhinitis. J Appl Physiol 1998;84:537-543.
113. 113. Stjäme P, Rinder J, Heden-Blomquist E, Cardell LO, Lundberg J. Capsaicin desensitization of the nasal mucosa reduces symptoms upon allergen challenge in patients with allergic rhinitis. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1998;118:235-239.
114. 114. Gibson PG, Saltos N. Cough in asthma. In: Barnes PJ, Grunstein MM, Leff AR, Woolcock AJ, editors. Asthma Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1997:1451-1462.
115. 115. Shimizu T, Mochizuki H, Morikawa A. Effect of influenza A virus infection on acid-induced cough response in children with asthma. Eur Respir J 1997;10:71-74.