Real-time radar rainfall estimation. Part I: Algorithm formulation

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 189-197

  Anagnostou, Emmanouil N ^a,b   Krajewski, Witold F ^a  

^a IA United States   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; ESTIMATION METHOD; PRECIPITATION ASSESSMENT; RADAR; RAINFALL; REAL TIME;

EID: 0032739835     PISSN: 07390572     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0426(1999)016<0189:RTRREP>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Anagnostou, E. N., and W. F. Krajewski, 1998: Calibration of the WSR-88D Precipitation Processing Subsystem. Wea. Forecasting, 13, 396-406.
2. _, and _, 1999: Real-time radar rainfall estimation. Part II: Case study. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 16, 198-205.
3. _, and C. Kummerow, 1997: Stratiform-convective classification of rainfall using SSM/I 85-GHz brightness temperature observations. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 14, 570-575.
4. _, W. F. Krajewski, D.-J., Seo, and E. R., Johnson, 1998: Meanfield radar rainfall bias studies for WSR-88D. ASCE J. Hydrol. Eng., 3, 149-159.
5. Andrieu, H., and J.-D. Creutin, 1995: Identification of vertical profiles of radar reflectivities for hydrological applications using an inverse method. Part I: Formulation. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 225-239.
6. Atlas, D., and A. C. Chmela, 1957: Physical-synoptic variations of raindrop size parameters. Proc. Sixth Weather Radar Conf., Cambridge, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 21-29.
7. Austin, P. M., 1987: Relation between measured radar reflectivity and surface rainfall. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1053-1069.
8. Battan, L. J., 1973: Radar Observation of the Atmosphere. The University of Chicago Press, 324 pp.
9. Bellon, A., F. Fabry, and G. L. Austin, 1991: Errors due to space-time sampling strategies in high-resolution radar data in hydrology. Preprints, 25th Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Paris, France, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 2040-2048.
10. Borga, M., E. N. Anagnostou, and W. F. Krajewski, 1997: A simulation approach for validation of brightband correction method. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 1507-1518.
11. Ciach, G. J., W. F. Krajewski, E. N. Anagnostou, M. L. Baeck, J. A. Smith, J. R. McCollum, and A. Kruger, 1997: Radar rainfall estimation for ground validation studies of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 736-747.
12. Crane, R. K., 1990: Space-time structure of rain rate field. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 2011-2020.
13. Fabry, F., A. Bellon, M. R. Duncan, and G. L. Austin, 1994: High resolution rainfall measurements by radar for very small basins: The sampling problem reexamined. J. Hydrol., 161, 415-428.
14. Fulton, R. A., J. P. Breidenbach, D. J. Seo, D. A. Miller, and T. O'Bannon, 1998: The WSR-88D rainfall algorithm. Wea. Forecasting, 13, 377-395.
15. Gelb, A., 1974: Applied Optimal Estimation. The MIT Press.
16. Green, D. R., and R. A. Clark, 1972: Vertically integrated liquid - A new analysis tool. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 548-552.
17. Heiss. W. H., D. L. McGrew, and D. Sirmans, 1990: Next Generation Weather Radar (WSR-88D). Microwave J., 33, 79-98.
18. Houze, R. A., Jr., 1993: Cloud Dynamics. Academic Press, 573 pp.
19. Hudlow, M. D., 1988: Technological developments in real-time operational hydrologic forecasting in the United States. J. Hydrol., 102, 69-92.
20. _, J. A. Smith, M. L. Walton, and R. C. Shedd, 1991: NEXRAD: New era in hydrometeorology in the USA. Proceedings, Hydrological Applications of Weather Radar, I. D. Cluckie and C. G. Collier, Eds., Ellis Horwood, 602-613.
21. Joss, J., and A. Waldvogel, 1990: Precipitation measurement and hydrology. Radar in Meteorology, D. Atlas, Ed., Amer. Meteor. Soc., 577-606.
22. _, and R. Lee, 1995: The application of radar-gauge comparisons to operational precipitation profile corrections. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 2612-2630.
23. Kitchen, M., and P. M. Jackson, 1993: Weather radar performance at long range - Simulated and observed, J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 975-985.
24. Klazura, G. E., and D. A. Imy, 1993: A description of the initial set of analysis products available from the NEXRAD WSR-88D system. Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1293-1311.
25. Kucera, P. A., D. A. Short, and O. W. Thiele, 1996: An analysis of rainfall intensity and vertical structure from shipborne radars in TOGA COARE. Preprints, Seventh Conf. on Mesoscale Processes, Reading, United Kingdom, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 131-134.
26. Liu, C., and W. F. Krajewski, 1996: A comparison of methods for calculation of radar-rainfall hourly accumulations. Water Resour. Bull., 32, 305-315.
27. Ljung, L., and T. Soderstrom, 1981: Theory and Practice of Recursive Identification. The MIT Press.
28. Mehra, R. K., 1970: On the identification of variance and adaptive Kalman filtering. IEEE Trans. Automatic Control, AC-15, 175-184.
29. _, 1972: Approaches to adaptive filtering. IEEE Trans. Automatic Control, AC-17, 693-698.
30. Rajaram, H., and K. P. Georgakakos, 1987: Recursive parameter estimation of conceptual watershed response models. IIHR Report No. 319, Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, University of Iowa, 169 pp.
31. Rosenfeld, D., E. Amitai, and D. B. Wolff, 1995: Improved accuracy of radar WPMM estimated rainfall upon application of objective classification criteria. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 212-223.
32. Seed, A., and G. L. Austin, 1990: Variability of summer Florida rainfall and its significance for the estimation of rainfall by gauges, radar and satellites. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 2207-2215.
33. Seo, D.-J., R. A. Fulton, J. P. Breidenbach, D. E. Miller, and E. Friend, 1995: Final report for interagency memorandum of understanding among the NEXRAD program, WSR-88D Operational Support Facility and the National Weather Service Office of Hydrology. Hydrologie Research Laboratory, Office of Hydrology, National Weather Service.
34. _, _, _, M. Taylor, and D. A. Miller, 1996: Final report to interagency memorandum of understanding among the NEXRAD program, WSR-88D Operational Support Facility, and the National Weather Service Office of Hydrology. Hydrologic Research Laboratory, NOAA/NWS/OH/HRL.
35. Smith, J. A., and W. F. Krajewski, 1993: A modeling study of rainfall rate-reflectivity relationships. Water Resour. Res., 29, 2505-2514.
36. _, D.-J. Seo, M. L. Baeck, and M. D. Hudlow, 1996: An intercomparison study of NEXRAD precipitation estimates. Water Resour. Res., 32, 2035-2045.
37. Steiner, M., and R. A. Houze, Jr., 1997: Sensitivity of the estimated monthly convective rain fraction to the choice of Z-R relation. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 452-462.
38. _, _, and S. E. Yutter, 1995: Climatological characterization of three-dimensional storm structure from operational radar and rain gauge data. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 1978-2007.
39. Tokay, A., and D. A. Short, 1996: Evidence from tropical raindrop spectra of the origin of rain from stratiform versus convective clouds. J. Appl. Meteor., 35, 355-371.
40. Yuter, S. E., and R. A. Houze, Jr., 1997: Measurements of raindrop size distributions over the Pacific warm pool and implications for Z-R relations. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 847-867.
41. Zawadzki, I., 1984: Factors affecting the precision of radar measurements of rain. Preprints, 22d Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Zurich, Switzerland, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 251-256.