The importance of scale of patchiness for selectivity in grazing herbivores

Oecologia

Volumn 121, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 355-363

  WallisDeVries, Michiel F ^a,b   Laca, Emilio A ^a   Demment, Montague W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b DUTCH BUTTERFLY CONSERVATION   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cattle; Foraging behaviour; Grazing; Patch selection; Spatial heterogeneity

Indexed keywords

FORAGING BEHAVIOR; GRAZING; HABITAT USE; HERBIVORE; PATCHINESS; SPATIAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0032714438     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004420050939     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Bailey DW, Coughenour MB, Gross JE, Laca EA, Rittenhouse LR, Swift DM (1996) Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing distribution patterns. J Range Manage 49:386-400
2. Bell WJ (1992) Searching behaviour: the behavioural ecology of finding resources. Chapman & Hall, London
3. Charnov EL (1976) Optimal foraging: the marginal value theorem. Theor Popul Biol 9:129-136
4. Demment MW, Peyraud J-L, Laca EA (1995) Herbage intake at grazing: a modelling approach. In: Journet M, Grenet E, Farce M-H, Theriez M, Demarquilly C (eds) Recent developments in the nutrition of herbivores. Proceedings of the IVth international symposium on the nutrition of herbivores. INRA, Paris, pp 121-141
5. Distel RA, Laca EA, Griggs TC, Demment MW (1995) Patch selection by cattle: maximization of intake rate in horizontally heterogeneous pastures. Appl Anim Behav Sci 45:11-21
6. Focardi S, Marcellini P, Montanaro P (1996) Do ungulates exhibit a food density threshold? A field study of optimal foraging and movement patterns. J Anim Ecol 65:606-620
7. Fryxell JM (1991) Forage quality and aggregation by large herbivores. Am Nat 138:478-498
8. Ginnett TF, Demment MW (1997) Sex differences in giraffe foraging behavior at two spatial scales. Oecologia 110:291-300
9. Goering HK, Van Soest PJ (1970) Forage fiber analysis: apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications. Agricultural handbook 379. USDA, Washington, DC
10. Griggs TC, Laca EA, Demment MW (1991) Bite dimensions and intake of cattle within feeding stations as affected by horizontal sward heterogeneity and hunger level. In: Proceedings 2nd grazing livestock nutrition conference, Steamboat Springs, Colorado, p 173
11. Haccou P, Meelis E (1994) Statistical analysis of behavioural data: an approach based on time-structured models. Oxford University Press, Oxford
12. Hodgson J (1982) Influence of sward characteristics on diet selection and herbage intake by the grazing animal. In: Hacker JB (ed) Nutritional limits to animal production from pastures. CAB, Farnham Royal, UK, pp 153-166
13. Illius AW, Wood-Gush DGM, Eddison JC (1987) A study of foraging behaviour of cattle grazing patchy swards. Biol Behav 12:33-44
14. Jannan PJ (1974) The social organization of antelope in relation to their ecology. Behaviour 48:215-267
15. Jiang Z, Hudson RJ (1993) Optimal grazing of wapiti (Cervus elaphus) on grassland: patch and feeding station departure rules. Evol Ecol 7:488-498
16. Laca EA, Demment MW (1996) Foraging strategies of grazing animals. In: Hodgson J, Illius AW (eds) The ecology and management of grazing systems. CAB, Wallingford, UK, pp 137-158
17. Laca EA, Ortega IM (1995) Integrating foraging mechanisms across spatial and temporal scales. Proceedings fifth international rangeland congress, Salt Lake City, Utah, pp 129-132
18. Laca EA, Demment MW, Winckel J, Kie JG (1989) Comparison of weight estimate and rising-plate meter methods to measure herbage mass of a mountain meadow. J Range Manage 42:71-75
19. Laca EA, Distel RA, Griggs TC, Deo GP, Demment MW (1993) Field test of optimal foraging with cattle: the marginal value theorem successfully predicts patch selection and utilization. Proceedings XVIIth international grassland congress, New Zealand, pp 709-710
20. Laca EA, Distel RA, Griggs TC, Demment MW (1994a) Effects of canopy structure on patch depression by grazers. Ecology 75:706-716
21. Laca EA, Ungar ED, Demment MW (1994b) Mechanisms of handling time and intake rate of a large mammalian grazer. Appl Anim Behav Sci 39:3-19
22. Langvatn R, Hanley TA (1993) Feeding patch choice by red deer in relation to foraging efficiency: an experiment. Oecologia 95:164-170
23. McNaughton SJ (1984) Grazing lawns: animals in herds, plant form and co-evolution. Am Nat 124:863-886
24. Mertens DR (1987) Predicting intake and digestibility using mathematical models of ruminai function. J Anim Sci 64:1548-1558
25. Moen RA, Pastor J, Cohen Y (1997) A spatially explicit model of moose foraging and energetics. Ecology 78:505-521
26. Murray MG (1991) Maximising energy retention in grazing ruminants. J Anim Ecol 60:1029-1045
27. Nams VO (1996) The Vfractal: a new estimator for fractal dimension of animal movement paths. Landscape Ecol 11:289-297
28. Newman JA, Parsons AJ, Harvey A (1992) Not all sheep prefer clover: diet selection revisited. J Agric Sci Camb 119:275-283
29. Newman JA, Parsons AJ, Thornley JHM, Penning PD (1995) Optimal diet selection by a generalist grazing herbivore. Funct Ecol 9:255-268
30. Prins HHT (1996) Ecology and behaviour of the African buffalo: social inequality and decision making. Chapman & Hall, London
31. SAS (1995) JMP user's guide, version 3. SAS Institute, Cary, NC
32. Senft RL, Coughenour MB, Bailey DW, Rittenhouse LR, Sala OE, Swift DM (1987) Large herbivore foraging and ecological hierarchies. BioScience 37:789-799
33. Stephens DW, Krebs JR (1986) Foraging theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
34. Stuth JW (1991) Foraging behavior. In: Heidschmidt RK, Stuth JW (eds) Grazing management: an ecological perspective. Timber Press, Portland, Ore, pp 65-83
35. Thornley JHM, Parsons AJ, Newman JA, Penning PD (1994) A cost-benefit model of grazing intake and diet selection in a two-species temperate grassland sward. Funct Ecol 8:5-16
36. Tinbergen JM (1981) Foraging decisions in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Ardea 69:1-67
37. Turner MG, Dale VH, Gardner RH (1989) Predicting across scales: theory development and testing. Landscape Ecol 3:245-252
38. Underwood R (1983) The feeding behaviour of grazing African ungulates. Behaviour 84:195-243
39. WallisDeVries MF, Daleboudt C (1994) Foraging strategy of cattle in patchy grassland. Oecologia 100:98-106
40. WallisDeVries MF, Schippers P (1994) Foraging in a landscape mosaic: selection for energy and minerals in free-ranging cattle. Oecologia 100:107-117
41. WallisDeVries MF, Laca EA, Demment MW (1998) From feeding station to patch: scaling up food intake measurements in grazing cattle. Appl Anim Behav Sci 60:301-315
42. Ward D, Saltz D (1992) Foraging at different spatial scales: dorcas gazelles foraging for lilies in the Negev Desert. Ecology 75:48-58
43. Wilmshurst JF, Fryxell JM (1995) Patch selection by red deer in relation to energy and protein intake: a re-evaluation of Langvatn and Hanley's (1993) results. Oecologia 104:297-300
44. Wilmshurst JF, Fryxell JM, Hudson RJ (1995) Forage quality and patch choice by wapiti (Cervus elaphus). Behav Ecol 6:209-217
45. With KA (1994) Using fractal analysis to assess how species perceive landscape structure. Landscape Ecol 9:25-36