메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 99, Issue 395, 1999, Pages 41-50

Cognition and neuropathology in schizophrenia

Author keywords

Cognition; Neuropathology; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

CELL DENSITY; CELL SIZE; COGNITION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CYTOARCHITECTURE; FRONTAL LOBE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; LIMBIC CORTEX; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE DEGENERATION; NERVE INJURY; NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; NEUROPATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TEMPORAL LOBE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BRAIN; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEGENERATIVE DISEASE; DISEASE COURSE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; HUMAN; LIMBIC SYSTEM; NERVE TRACT; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PATHOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGY; REVIEW;

EID: 0032609343     PISSN: 00651591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb05982.x     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (24)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 0002894148 scopus 로고
    • The pathological anatomy of the schizophrenias
    • RICHTER D, ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press
    • DAVID GB. The pathological anatomy of the schizophrenias. In: RICHTER D, ed. Schizophrenia: somatic aspects. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1957:93-130.
    • (1957) Schizophrenia: Somatic Aspects , pp. 93-130
    • David, G.B.1
  • 3
    • 0026070134 scopus 로고
    • Dopamine in schizophrenia: A review and reconceptualization
    • DAVIS KL, KAHN RS, KO G, DAVIDSON M. Dopamine in schizophrenia: a review and reconceptualization. Am J Psychiatry 1992;148:1474-1486.
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.148 , pp. 1474-1486
    • Davis, K.L.1    Kahn, R.S.2    Ko, G.3    Davidson, M.4
  • 4
    • 0027283411 scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the neuropathology of schizophrenia
    • BOGERTS B. Recent advances in the neuropathology of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:431-445.
    • (1993) Schizophr Bull , vol.19 , pp. 431-445
    • Bogerts, B.1
  • 5
    • 0027234989 scopus 로고
    • The role of serotonin in schizophrenia: An overview of the nomenclature, distribution and alterations of serotonin receptors in the central nervous system
    • OHUOHA DC, HYDE TM, KLEINMAN JE. The role of serotonin in schizophrenia: an overview of the nomenclature, distribution and alterations of serotonin receptors in the central nervous system. Psychopharmacology 1993;112 (Suppl. 1.):S5-15.
    • (1993) Psychopharmacology , vol.112 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Ohuoha, D.C.1    Hyde, T.M.2    Kleinman, J.E.3
  • 6
    • 0027362439 scopus 로고
    • Regional neuropathology in schizophrenia. Where are we? Where are we going?
    • SHAPIRO RM. Regional neuropathology in schizophrenia. Where are we? Where are we going? Schizophr Res 1993;10:187-239.
    • (1993) Schizophr Res , vol.10 , pp. 187-239
    • Shapiro, R.M.1
  • 7
    • 0029757375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia
    • ARNOLD SE, TROJANOWSKI JQ. Recent advances in defining the neuropathology of schizophrenia. Acta Neuropathol 1996;92:217-231.
    • (1996) Acta Neuropathol , vol.92 , pp. 217-231
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2
  • 8
    • 0020723730 scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia-like psychoses associated with organic cerebral disorders: A review
    • DAVIDSON K. Schizophrenia-like psychoses associated with organic cerebral disorders: a review. Psychiatr Dev 1983;1:1-34.
    • (1983) Psychiatr Dev , vol.1 , pp. 1-34
    • Davidson, K.1
  • 10
    • 0023952080 scopus 로고
    • Impairments on neuropsychological tests of temporohippocampal and frontohippocampal functions and word fluency in remitting schizophrenic and affective disorders
    • GRUZELIER J, SEYMOUR K, WILSON J. Impairments on neuropsychological tests of temporohippocampal and frontohippocampal functions and word fluency in remitting schizophrenic and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45:623-629.
    • (1988) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.45 , pp. 623-629
    • Gruzelier, J.1    Seymour, K.2    Wilson, J.3
  • 11
    • 0025879236 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological function in schizophrenia: Selective impairment in memory and learning
    • SAYKIN AJ, GUR RC, GUR RE et al. Neuropsychological function in schizophrenia: selective impairment in memory and learning. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:618-624.
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 618-624
    • Saykin, A.J.1    Gur, R.C.2    Gur, R.E.3
  • 12
    • 0027450001 scopus 로고
    • Olfactory deficits in neuroleptic naive patients with schizophrenia
    • KOPALA LC, CLARK C, HURWITZ T. Olfactory deficits in neuroleptic naive patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1992;8:245-250.
    • (1992) Schizophr Res , vol.8 , pp. 245-250
    • Kopala, L.C.1    Clark, C.2    Hurwitz, T.3
  • 13
    • 0027533693 scopus 로고
    • Olfactory memory in unmedicated schizophrenics
    • WU J, BUCHSBAUM MS, MOY K et al. Olfactory memory in unmedicated schizophrenics. Schizophr Res 1993;9:41-47.
    • (1993) Schizophr Res , vol.9 , pp. 41-47
    • Wu, J.1    Buchsbaum, M.S.2    Moy, K.3
  • 14
    • 0030907028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory identification deficits in schizophrenia: Correlation with duration of illness
    • MOBERG PJ, DOTY RL, TURETSKY BI et al. Olfactory identification deficits in schizophrenia: correlation with duration of illness. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:1016-1018.
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 1016-1018
    • Moberg, P.J.1    Doty, R.L.2    Turetsky, B.I.3
  • 15
    • 0028261613 scopus 로고
    • Impaired attention, genetics, and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia
    • CORNBLATT BA, KEILP JG. Impaired attention, genetics, and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1994;20:31-46.
    • (1994) Schizophr Bull , vol.20 , pp. 31-46
    • Cornblatt, B.A.1    Keilp, J.G.2
  • 16
    • 0029996809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow activation and functional lesions in schizophrenia
    • TAYLOR SF. Cerebral blood flow activation and functional lesions in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 1996;19:129-140.
    • (1996) Schizophr Res , vol.19 , pp. 129-140
    • Taylor, S.F.1
  • 17
    • 0029899546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What have we learned from functional imaging studies in schizophrenia? The role of frontal, striatal and temporal areas
    • VELAKOULIS D, PANTELIS C. What have we learned from functional imaging studies in schizophrenia? The role of frontal, striatal and temporal areas. Austr NZ J Psychiatry 1996;30:195-209.
    • (1996) Austr NZ J Psychiatry , vol.30 , pp. 195-209
    • Velakoulis, D.1    Pantelis, C.2
  • 20
    • 0028847356 scopus 로고
    • A functional neuroanatomy of hallucinations in schizophrenia
    • SILBERSWEIG DA, STERN E, FRITH C et al. A functional neuroanatomy of hallucinations in schizophrenia. Nature 1995;378:176-179.
    • (1995) Nature , vol.378 , pp. 176-179
    • Silbersweig, D.A.1    Stern, E.2    Frith, C.3
  • 21
    • 0001882013 scopus 로고
    • Memory activation in schizophrenia - Preliminary observations using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI)
    • SAYKIN AJ, RIORDAN HJ, WEAVER JB et al. Memory activation in schizophrenia - preliminary observations using functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). Schizophr Res 1995;15:97.
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.15 , pp. 97
    • Saykin, A.J.1    Riordan, H.J.2    Weaver, J.B.3
  • 22
    • 0029950089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory hallucinations inhibit exogenous activation of auditory association cortex
    • DAVID AS, WOODRUFF PW, HOWARD R et al. Auditory hallucinations inhibit exogenous activation of auditory association cortex. Neuroreport 1996;7:932-936.
    • (1996) Neuroreport , vol.7 , pp. 932-936
    • David, A.S.1    Woodruff, P.W.2    Howard, R.3
  • 24
  • 25
    • 0023726688 scopus 로고
    • Limbic pathology in schizophrenia: The entorhinal region - A morphometric study
    • FALKAI P, BOGERTS B, ROZUMEK M. Limbic pathology in schizophrenia: the entorhinal region - a morphometric study. Biol Psychiatry 1988;24:515-521.
    • (1988) Biol Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 515-521
    • Falkai, P.1    Bogerts, B.2    Rozumek, M.3
  • 26
    • 0024439480 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal pathologic findings in schizophrenia: A morphometric study
    • JESTE DV, LPHR JB. Hippocampal pathologic findings in schizophrenia: a morphometric study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:1019-1024.
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1019-1024
    • Jeste, D.V.1    Lphr, J.B.2
  • 27
    • 0000559220 scopus 로고
    • Decreased neuroneal density in the supragranular layer of area Tpt of the superior temporal gyrus of schizophrenics
    • HOLINGER DP, ROSEN GD, GALABURDA AM. Decreased neuroneal density in the supragranular layer of area Tpt of the superior temporal gyrus of schizophrenics. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1995;21:238.
    • (1995) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.21 , pp. 238
    • Holinger, D.P.1    Rosen, G.D.2    Galaburda, A.M.3
  • 28
    • 0021746255 scopus 로고
    • A neurohistological correlate of schizophrenia
    • KOVELMAN JA, SCHEIBEL AB. A neurohistological correlate of schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1984;19:1601-1621.
    • (1984) Biol Psychiatry , vol.19 , pp. 1601-1621
    • Kovelman, J.A.1    Scheibel, A.B.2
  • 29
    • 0026336930 scopus 로고
    • Reduced neuronal size in posterior hippocampus of schizophrenic patients
    • BENES FM, SORENSEN I, BIRD ED. Reduced neuronal size in posterior hippocampus of schizophrenic patients. Schizophr Bull 1991;17:597-608.
    • (1991) Schizophr Bull , vol.17 , pp. 597-608
    • Benes, F.M.1    Sorensen, I.2    Bird, E.D.3
  • 30
    • 0028952255 scopus 로고
    • Smaller neuron size in schizophrenia in hippocampal subfields that mediate cortical-hippocampal interactions
    • ARNOLD SE, FRANZ BR, GUR RC et al. Smaller neuron size in schizophrenia in hippocampal subfields that mediate cortical-hippocampal interactions. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:738-748.
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 738-748
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Franz, B.R.2    Gur, R.C.3
  • 31
    • 0025885689 scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal neuron number in schizophrenia. A stereological study
    • HECKERS S, HEINSEN H, GEIGER B, BECKMANN H. Hippocampal neuron number in schizophrenia. A stereological study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:1002-1008.
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 1002-1008
    • Heckers, S.1    Heinsen, H.2    Geiger, B.3    Beckmann, H.4
  • 32
    • 0022616146 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative cytoarchitectural studies of the cerebral cortex of schizophrenics
    • BENES FM, DAVIDSON J, BIRD ED. Quantitative cytoarchitectural studies of the cerebral cortex of schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:31-35.
    • (1986) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.43 , pp. 31-35
    • Benes, F.M.1    Davidson, J.2    Bird, E.D.3
  • 33
    • 0025786847 scopus 로고
    • Deficits in small interneurones in prefrontal and cingulate cortices of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients
    • BENES FM, McSPARREN J, BIRD ED, SANGIOVANNI JP, VINCENT SL. Deficits in small interneurones in prefrontal and cingulate cortices of schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:996-1001.
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 996-1001
    • Benes, F.M.1    McSparren, J.2    Bird, E.D.3    Sangiovanni, J.P.4    Vincent, S.L.5
  • 34
    • 0028948389 scopus 로고
    • Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurones in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics
    • AKBARIAN S, KIM JJ, POTKIN SG et al. Gene expression for glutamic acid decarboxylase is reduced without loss of neurones in prefrontal cortex of schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:258-266.
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 258-266
    • Akbarian, S.1    Kim, J.J.2    Potkin, S.G.3
  • 35
    • 0028825345 scopus 로고
    • Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex: A morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17
    • SELEMON LD, RAJKOWSKA G, GOLDMAN-RAKIC PS. Abnormally high neuronal density in the schizophrenic cortex: a morphometric analysis of prefrontal area 9 and occipital area 17. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:805-818.
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 805-818
    • Selemon, L.D.1    Rajkowska, G.2    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.3
  • 36
    • 0000768558 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in neuronal sizes in prefronlal cortex of schizophrenics and Huntington patients
    • RAJKOWSKA G, SELEMON LD, GOLDMAN-RAKIC PS. Reduction in neuronal sizes in prefronlal cortex of schizophrenics and Huntington patients. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1994;20:620.
    • (1994) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.20 , pp. 620
    • Rajkowska, G.1    Selemon, L.D.2    Goldman-Rakic, P.S.3
  • 37
    • 0023948638 scopus 로고
    • Locus ceruleus morphometry in aging and schizophrenia
    • LOHR JB, JESTE DV. Locus ceruleus morphometry in aging and schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1988;77:689-697.
    • (1988) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.77 , pp. 689-697
    • Lohr, J.B.1    Jeste, D.V.2
  • 38
    • 0025131197 scopus 로고
    • Pronounced reduction of total neuron number in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens in schizophrenia
    • PAKKENBERG B. Pronounced reduction of total neuron number in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and nucleus accumbens in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990;47:1023-1028.
    • (1990) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 1023-1028
    • Pakkenberg, B.1
  • 40
    • 0027739750 scopus 로고
    • Associative semantic network dysfunction in thought-disordered patients: Direct evidence from indirect semantic priming
    • SPITZER M, BRAUN U, HERMLE L, MAIER S. Associative semantic network dysfunction in thought-disordered patients: direct evidence from indirect semantic priming. Biol Psychiatry 1994;34:864-877.
    • (1994) Biol Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 864-877
    • Spitzer, M.1    Braun, U.2    Hermle, L.3    Maier, S.4
  • 42
    • 0029198619 scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia: A disconnection syndrome?
    • FRISTON KJ, FRITH CD. Schizophrenia: a disconnection syndrome? Clin Neurosci 1995;3:89-97.
    • (1995) Clin Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 89-97
    • Friston, K.J.1    Frith, C.D.2
  • 43
    • 0027208670 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological investigations in cingulate cortex of schizophrenic brain
    • BENES FM. Neurobiological investigations in cingulate cortex of schizophrenic brain. Schizophr Bull 1993;19:537-549.
    • (1993) Schizophr Bull , vol.19 , pp. 537-549
    • Benes, F.M.1
  • 44
    • 0000339287 scopus 로고
    • A shift in tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive varicosities (ITH-IRv) for pyramidal (PN) to nonpyramidal (NP) neurones occurs in layer II of the anterior cingulate cortex of schizoprenics
    • BENES FM, TODTENKOPF MS, TAYLOR JB. A shift in tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive varicosities (ITH-IRv) for pyramidal (PN) to nonpyramidal (NP) neurones occurs in layer II of the anterior cingulate cortex of schizoprenics. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1995;21:259.
    • (1995) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.21 , pp. 259
    • Benes, F.M.1    Todtenkopf, M.S.2    Taylor, J.B.3
  • 45
    • 0013628759 scopus 로고
    • Cortical synaptic membrane immunoreactivity in schizophrenia contrasts with Alzheimer's disease
    • POWCHIK P, GABRIEL SM, HAROUTUNIAN V et al. Cortical synaptic membrane immunoreactivity in schizophrenia contrasts with Alzheimer's disease. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1994;20:623.
    • (1994) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.20 , pp. 623
    • Powchik, P.1    Gabriel, S.M.2    Haroutunian, V.3
  • 46
    • 0013602081 scopus 로고
    • Altered GAP-43 and synaptophysin levels in visual association cortices from schizophrenic brains
    • SOWER AC, BELUE R, BIRD ED, PERRONE-BIZZOZERO NI. Altered GAP-43 and synaptophysin levels in visual association cortices from schizophrenic brains. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1994;20:621.
    • (1994) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.20 , pp. 621
    • Sower, A.C.1    Belue, R.2    Bird, E.D.3    Perrone-Bizzozero, N.I.4
  • 48
    • 0013605823 scopus 로고
    • Synaptophysin and not RAB3A is specifically reduced in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic subjects
    • GLANTZ LA, LEWIS DA. Synaptophysin and not RAB3A is specifically reduced in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic subjects. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1994;20:622.
    • (1994) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.20 , pp. 622
    • Glantz, L.A.1    Lewis, D.A.2
  • 50
    • 0027440223 scopus 로고
    • Significant reductions in synapsin- but not synaptophysin-specific activity in the brains of some schizophrenics
    • BROWNING MD, DUDEX EM, RAPIER JL, LEONARD S, FREEDMAN R. Significant reductions in synapsin- but not synaptophysin-specific activity in the brains of some schizophrenics. Biol Psychiatry 1993;34:529-535.
    • (1993) Biol Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 529-535
    • Browning, M.D.1    Dudex, E.M.2    Rapier, J.L.3    Leonard, S.4    Freedman, R.5
  • 51
    • 0028965594 scopus 로고
    • Altered synaptophysin expression as a marker of synaptic pathology in schizophrenia
    • EASTWOOD SL, BURNET PWJ, HARRISON PJ. Altered synaptophysin expression as a marker of synaptic pathology in schizophrenia. Neurosci 1995;66:309-319.
    • (1995) Neurosci , vol.66 , pp. 309-319
    • Eastwood, S.L.1    Burnet, P.W.J.2    Harrison, P.J.3
  • 52
    • 0029119055 scopus 로고
    • From neuropathology to neurodevelopment
    • WEINBERGER DR. From neuropathology to neurodevelopment. Lancet 1995;346:552-557.
    • (1995) Lancet , vol.346 , pp. 552-557
    • Weinberger, D.R.1
  • 53
    • 0028275174 scopus 로고
    • The strength of the genetic effect: Is there room for an environmental influence in the aetiology of schizophrenia?
    • McGUFFIN P, ANDERSON P, OWEN M et al. The strength of the genetic effect: is there room for an environmental influence in the aetiology of schizophrenia? Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:593-599.
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 593-599
    • McGuffin, P.1    Anderson, P.2    Owen, M.3
  • 55
  • 56
    • 0030050426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhesus incompatibility as a risk factor for schizophrenia in male adults
    • HOLLISTER JM, LAING P, MEDNICK SA. Rhesus incompatibility as a risk factor for schizophrenia in male adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:19-24.
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 19-24
    • Hollister, J.M.1    Laing, P.2    Mednick, S.A.3
  • 58
    • 0026082783 scopus 로고
    • Familial, obstetric and other clinical correlates of minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia
    • O'CALLAGHAN E, LARKIN C, KINSELLA A, WADDINGTON JL. Familial, obstetric and other clinical correlates of minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:479-483.
    • (1991) Am J Psychiatry , vol.148 , pp. 479-483
    • O'Callaghan, E.1    Larkin, C.2    Kinsella, A.3    Waddington, J.L.4
  • 60
    • 0027964238 scopus 로고
    • Developmentally moderated expressions of the neuropathology underlying schizophrenia
    • WALKER E. Developmentally moderated expressions of the neuropathology underlying schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1994;20:453-480.
    • (1994) Schizophr Bull , vol.20 , pp. 453-480
    • Walker, E.1
  • 61
    • 0028171814 scopus 로고
    • Child development risk factors for adult onset schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort
    • JONES P, RODGERS B, MURRAY R, MARMOT M. Child development risk factors for adult onset schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort. Lancet 1994;344:1398-1402.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 1398-1402
    • Jones, P.1    Rodgers, B.2    Murray, R.3    Marmot, M.4
  • 63
    • 0022904075 scopus 로고
    • Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics
    • JAKOB H, BECKMANN H. Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics. J Neural Transm 1986;65:303-326.
    • (1986) J Neural Transm , vol.65 , pp. 303-326
    • Jakob, H.1    Beckmann, H.2
  • 64
    • 0025915446 scopus 로고
    • Some cytoarchitectural abnormalities of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia
    • ARNOLD SE, HYMAN BT, HOESEN GWV, DAMASIO AR. Some cytoarchitectural abnormalities of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991;48:625-632.
    • (1991) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 625-632
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Hyman, B.T.2    Hoesen, G.W.V.3    Damasio, A.R.4
  • 65
    • 0000507516 scopus 로고
    • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the entorhinal cortex cytoarchitectural organization in schizophrenia
    • KRIMER LS, HERMAN MM, SAUNDERS RC et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the entorhinal cortex cytoarchitectural organization in schizophrenia. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1995;21:239.
    • (1995) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.21 , pp. 239
    • Krimer, L.S.1    Herman, M.M.2    Saunders, R.C.3
  • 66
    • 0030842950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence of abnormal cytoarchitecture of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia using spatial point pattern analyses
    • ARNOLD SE, RUSCHEINSKY DR, HAN L-Y. Further evidence of abnormal cytoarchitecture of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia using spatial point pattern analyses. Biol Psychiatry 1997;42:639-647.
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 639-647
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Ruscheinsky, D.R.2    Han, L.-Y.3
  • 67
    • 0028968641 scopus 로고
    • Decreased expression of the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenic brains
    • BARBEAU D, LIANG JJ, ROBITAILLE Y, QUIRION R, SRIVASTAVA LK. Decreased expression of the embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule in schizophrenic brains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:2785-2789.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 2785-2789
    • Barbeau, D.1    Liang, J.J.2    Robitaille, Y.3    Quirion, R.4    Srivastaval, L.K.5
  • 68
    • 0025885699 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal expression of two microtubule-associated proteins (MAP2 and MAP5) in specific subfields of the hippocampal formation in schizophrenia
    • ARNOLD SE, LEE VMY, GUR RE, TROJANOWSKI JQ. Abnormal expression of two microtubule-associated proteins (MAP2 and MAP5) in specific subfields of the hippocampal formation in schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:10850-10854.
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.88 , pp. 10850-10854
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Lee, V.M.Y.2    Gur, R.E.3    Trojanowski, J.Q.4
  • 69
    • 0027394523 scopus 로고
    • Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical development
    • AKBARIAN S, BUNNEY WE, POTKIN SG et al. Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase cells in frontal lobe of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical development. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:169-177.
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 169-177
    • Akbarian, S.1    Bunney, W.E.2    Potkin, S.G.3
  • 70
    • 0027405968 scopus 로고
    • Distorted distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase neurones in temporal lobe of schizophrenics implies anomalous cortical development
    • AKBARIAN S, VINUELA A, KIM JJ, POTKIN SG, BUNNEY WE, JONES EG. Distorted distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase neurones in temporal lobe of schizophrenics implies anomalous cortical development. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:178-187.
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 178-187
    • Akbarian, S.1    Vinuela, A.2    Kim, J.J.3    Potkin, S.G.4    Bunney, W.E.5    Jones, E.G.6
  • 71
    • 0029876983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maldistribution of interstitial neurones in prefrontal white matter of the brains of schizophrenic patients
    • AKBARIAN S, KIM JJ, POTKIN SG, HETRICK WP, BUNNEY WE, JONES EG. Maldistribution of interstitial neurones in prefrontal white matter of the brains of schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:425-436.
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 425-436
    • Akbarian, S.1    Kim, J.J.2    Potkin, S.G.3    Hetrick, W.P.4    Bunney, W.E.5    Jones, E.G.6
  • 72
    • 49949124549 scopus 로고
    • A 23-year longitudinal study of 208 schizophrenics and impressions in regard to the nature of schizophrenia
    • ROSENTHAL D, KETY SS, ed. New York: Pergamon Press
    • BLEULER M. A 23-year longitudinal study of 208 schizophrenics and impressions in regard to the nature of schizophrenia. In: ROSENTHAL D, KETY SS, ed. The transmission of schizophrenia. New York: Pergamon Press, 1968:3-12.
    • (1968) The Transmission of Schizophrenia , pp. 3-12
    • Bleuler, M.1
  • 73
    • 0019133853 scopus 로고
    • Catamnestic long-term study on the course of life and aging of schizophrenics
    • CIOMPI L. Catamnestic long-term study on the course of life and aging of schizophrenics. Schizophr Bull 1980;6:606-618.
    • (1980) Schizophr Bull , vol.6 , pp. 606-618
    • Ciompi, L.1
  • 74
    • 0001872763 scopus 로고
    • A 40-year follow-up of hebephrenic-catatonic schizophrenia
    • MILLER N, COHEN G, ed. New York: Guilford Press
    • WINOKUR G, PFOHL B, TSUANG M. A 40-year follow-up of hebephrenic-catatonic schizophrenia. In: MILLER N, COHEN G, ed. Schizophrenia and aging. New York: Guilford Press, 1987:52-60.
    • (1987) Schizophrenia and Aging , pp. 52-60
    • Winokur, G.1    Pfohl, B.2    Tsuang, M.3
  • 75
    • 0024165163 scopus 로고
    • The heterogeneity of the long-term course of schizophrenia
    • CARPENTER WT, KIRKPATRICK B. The heterogeneity of the long-term course of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1988;14:515-542.
    • (1988) Schizophr Bull , vol.14 , pp. 515-542
    • Carpenter, W.T.1    Kirkpatrick, B.2
  • 76
    • 0029872162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and biological markers for outcome in schizophrenia
    • LINDSTROM LH. Clinical and biological markers for outcome in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 1996;14:23S-26S.
    • (1996) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.14
    • Lindstrom, L.H.1
  • 77
  • 78
    • 0028144551 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological deficits in neuroleptic-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia
    • SAYKIN AJ, SHTASEL DL, GUR RE et al. Neuropsychological deficits in neuroleptic-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994;51:124-131.
    • (1994) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.51 , pp. 124-131
    • Saykin, A.J.1    Shtasel, D.L.2    Gur, R.E.3
  • 79
    • 0029867869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal neuropsychological impairment and illness duration in schizophrenia: A study of 204 patients in Hong Kong
    • CHEN EY, LAM LC, CHEN RY, NGUYEN DG, CHAN CK. Prefrontal neuropsychological impairment and illness duration in schizophrenia: a study of 204 patients in Hong Kong. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996;93:144-150.
    • (1996) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.93 , pp. 144-150
    • Chen, E.Y.1    Lam, L.C.2    Chen, R.Y.3    Nguyen, D.G.4    Chan, C.K.5
  • 80
    • 0030035543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia followed prospectively over 10 years and its longitudinal relationship to the emergence of tardive dyskinesia
    • WADDINGTON JL, YOUSSEF HA. Cognitive dysfunction in chronic schizophrenia followed prospectively over 10 years and its longitudinal relationship to the emergence of tardive dyskinesia. Psychol Med 1996;26:681-688.
    • (1996) Psychol Med , vol.26 , pp. 681-688
    • Waddington, J.L.1    Youssef, H.A.2
  • 81
    • 0028205051 scopus 로고
    • Is there cognitive decline in schizophrenia? A cross-sectional study
    • HYDE TM, NAWROZ, S, GOLDBERG TE et al. Is there cognitive decline in schizophrenia? A cross-sectional study. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:494-500.
    • (1994) Br J Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 494-500
    • Hyde, T.M.1    Nawroz, S.2    Goldberg, T.E.3
  • 82
    • 0028854590 scopus 로고
    • Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients
    • DAVIDSON M, HARVEYPD, POWCHIK P et al. Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:197-207.
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 197-207
    • Davidson, M.1    Harveypd2    Powchik, P.3
  • 83
    • 0028958961 scopus 로고
    • Prospective clinicopathological studies of schizophrenia: Accrual and assessment
    • ARNOLD SE, GUR RE, SHAPIRO RM et al. Prospective clinicopathological studies of schizophrenia: accrual and assessment. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:731-737.
    • (1995) Am J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 731-737
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Gur, R.E.2    Shapiro, R.M.3
  • 84
    • 0029132989 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning in chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients: Age-related changes and age disorientation as a predictor of impairment
    • HARVEY PD, LOMBARDI J, KINCAID MM et al. Cognitive functioning in chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients: age-related changes and age disorientation as a predictor of impairment. Schizophr Res 1995;17:15-24.
    • (1995) Schizophr Res , vol.17 , pp. 15-24
    • Harvey, P.D.1    Lombardi, J.2    Kincaid, M.M.3
  • 85
    • 0000435910 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological functioning in elderly patients with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease
    • MOBERG PJ, MAHR R, GIBNEY M et al. Neuropsychological functioning in elderly patients with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1995;1:132.
    • (1995) J Int Neuropsychol Soc , vol.1 , pp. 132
    • Moberg, P.J.1    Mahr, R.2    Gibney, M.3
  • 86
    • 0027417568 scopus 로고
    • Severe cognitive impairment in elderly schizophrenic patients: A clinicopathological study
    • PUROHTT DP, DAVIDSON M, PERL DP et al. Severe cognitive impairment in elderly schizophrenic patients: a clinicopathological study. Biol Psychiatry 1993;33:255-260.
    • (1993) Biol Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 255-260
    • Purohtt, D.P.1    Davidson, M.2    Perl, D.P.3
  • 87
    • 0028277546 scopus 로고
    • Elderly patients with schizophrenia exhibit infrequent neurodegenerative lesions
    • ARNOLD SE, FRANZ BR, TROJANOWSKI JQ. Elderly patients with schizophrenia exhibit infrequent neurodegenerative lesions. Neurobiol Aging 1994;15:299-303.
    • (1994) Neurobiol Aging , vol.15 , pp. 299-303
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Franz, B.R.2    Trojanowski, J.Q.3
  • 89
    • 0027361470 scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer's disease-related protein in geriatric schizophrenic patients with cognitive impairment
    • POWCHIK P, DAVIDSON M, NEMEROFF CB et al. Alzheimer's disease-related protein in geriatric schizophrenic patients with cognitive impairment. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150:1726-1727.
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 1726-1727
    • Powchik, P.1    Davidson, M.2    Nemeroff, C.B.3
  • 90
    • 13344278003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Search for viral nucleic acid sequences in brain tissues of patients with schizophrenia using nested polymerase chain reaction
    • TALLER AM, ASMER DM, POMEROY KL et al. Search for viral nucleic acid sequences in brain tissues of patients with schizophrenia using nested polymerase chain reaction. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996;53:32-40.
    • (1996) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.53 , pp. 32-40
    • Taller, A.M.1    Asmer, D.M.2    Pomeroy, K.L.3
  • 91
    • 0019970068 scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology of schizophrenia
    • STEVENS JR. Neuropathology of schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982;39:1131-1139.
    • (1982) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 1131-1139
    • Stevens, J.R.1
  • 94
    • 0023778447 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative study of gliosis in schizophrenia and Huntington's chorea
    • Stevens CD, Altshuler LL, Boberts B, Falkai P. Quantitative study of gliosis in schizophrenia and Huntington's chorea. Biol Psychiatry 1988;24:697-700.
    • (1988) Biol Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 697-700
    • Stevens, C.D.1    Altshuler, L.L.2    Boberts, B.3    Falkai, P.4
  • 95
    • 0024806580 scopus 로고
    • Schizophrenia as an anomaly of development of cerebral asymmetry. A postmortem study and a proposal concerning the genetic basis of the disease
    • CROW TJ, BALL J, BLOOM SR et al. Schizophrenia as an anomaly of development of cerebral asymmetry. A postmortem study and a proposal concerning the genetic basis of the disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:1145-1150.
    • (1989) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 1145-1150
    • Crow, T.J.1    Ball, J.2    Bloom, S.R.3
  • 96
    • 0032498818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigations of neurodegeneration and neural injury in the brains of elderly patients with schizophrenia
    • ARNOLD SE, TROJANOWSKI JQ, GUR RE, HAN L-Y, CHOI C. Investigations of neurodegeneration and neural injury in the brains of elderly patients with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1998;55:225-232.
    • (1998) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 225-232
    • Arnold, S.E.1    Trojanowski, J.Q.2    Gur, R.E.3    Han, L.-Y.4    Choi, C.5
  • 97
    • 0028850552 scopus 로고
    • Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia
    • OLNEY JW, FARBER NB. Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:998-1007.
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 998-1007
    • Olney, J.W.1    Farber, N.B.2
  • 98
    • 0024426121 scopus 로고
    • Cellular signaling mechanisms common to the development and degeneration of neuroarchitecture. A review
    • MATTSON MP. Cellular signaling mechanisms common to the development and degeneration of neuroarchitecture. A review. Mech Ageing Dev 1989;50:103-157.
    • (1989) Mech Ageing Dev , vol.50 , pp. 103-157
    • Mattson, M.P.1
  • 99
    • 0028907468 scopus 로고
    • Decreased expression of mRNAs encoding non-NMDA glutamate receptors GluR1 and GluR2 in medial temporal lobe neurones in schizophrenia
    • EASTWOOD SL, McDONALD B, BURNET PW, BECKWITH JP, KERWIN RW, HARRISON PJ. Decreased expression of mRNAs encoding non-NMDA glutamate receptors GluR1 and GluR2 in medial temporal lobe neurones in schizophrenia. Brain Research. Mol Brain Res 1995;29:211-223.
    • (1995) Brain Research. Mol Brain Res , vol.29 , pp. 211-223
    • Eastwood, S.L.1    McDonald, B.2    Burnet, P.W.3    Beckwith, J.P.4    Kerwin, R.W.5    Harrison, P.J.6
  • 100
    • 0028875197 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal excitatory neurotransmitter metabolism in schizophrenic brains
    • TSAI G, PASSAMO LA, SLUSHER BS et al. Abnormal excitatory neurotransmitter metabolism in schizophrenic brains. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:829-836.
    • (1995) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.52 , pp. 829-836
    • Tsai, G.1    Passamo, L.A.2    Slusher, B.S.3
  • 101
    • 0028866230 scopus 로고
    • Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity
    • THOENEN H. Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity. Science 1995;270:593-598.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 593-598
    • Thoenen, H.1
  • 102
    • 0029964643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of neurotrophic factors in neuronal development
    • HENDERSON CE. Role of neurotrophic factors in neuronal development. Curr Opin Neurobiology 1996;6:64-70.
    • (1996) Curr Opin Neurobiology , vol.6 , pp. 64-70
    • Henderson, C.E.1
  • 103
    • 0030014560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hippocampal vulnerability to stress and aging: Possible role of neurotrophic factors
    • SMITH MA. Hippocampal vulnerability to stress and aging: possible role of neurotrophic factors. Behav Brain Res 1996;78:25-36.
    • (1996) Behav Brain Res , vol.78 , pp. 25-36
    • Smith, M.A.1
  • 104
    • 0000961976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the hippocampus of patients with schizophrenia
    • BROUHA AK, WEICKERT CS, HYDE TM et al. Reductions in brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the hippocampus of patients with schizophrenia. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1996;22:1680.
    • (1996) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.22 , pp. 1680
    • Brouha, A.K.1    Weickert, C.S.2    Hyde, T.M.3
  • 105
    • 0030450763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a molecular definition of long-term memory storage
    • BAILEY CH, BARTSCH D, KANDEL ER. Towards a molecular definition of long-term memory storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:13445-13452.
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 13445-13452
    • Bailey, C.H.1    Bartsch, D.2    Kandel, E.R.3
  • 106
    • 0029992189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic antidepressant administration increases the expression of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in rat hippocampus
    • NIBUYA M, NESTLER EJ, DUMAN RS. Chronic antidepressant administration increases the expression of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in rat hippocampus. J Neurosci 1996;16:2365-2372.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 2365-2372
    • Nibuya, M.1    Nestler, E.J.2    Duman, R.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.