메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 103, Issue D8, 1998, Pages 8985-8996

Laboratory studies of the influence of cloud droplet size on charge transfer during crystal-graupel collisions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOUD DROPLET; GRAUPEL; ICE CRYSTAL; RIMING;

EID: 0032571699     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97JD03115     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (30)
  • 1
    • 0028553910 scopus 로고
    • A laboratory study of static charging by fracture in ice growing by riming
    • Avila, E. E., and G. M. Caranti, A laboratory study of static charging by fracture in ice growing by riming, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10,611-10,620, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 10611-10620
    • Avila, E.E.1    Caranti, G.M.2
  • 2
    • 0029503895 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of static charging in ice growing by riming
    • Avila, E. E., G. G. Aguirre Varela, and G. M. Caranti, Temperature dependence of static charging in ice growing by riming, J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 4515-4522, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 4515-4522
    • Avila, E.E.1    Aguirre Varela, G.G.2    Caranti, G.M.3
  • 3
    • 0030368906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charging in ice-ice collisions as a function of the ambient temperature and the largest particle average temperature
    • Avila, E. E., G. G. Aguirre Varela, and G. M. Caranti, Charging in ice-ice collisions as a function of the ambient temperature and the largest particle average temperature, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 29,609-29,614, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 29609-29614
    • Avila, E.E.1    Aguirre Varela, G.G.2    Caranti, G.M.3
  • 4
    • 84984005816 scopus 로고
    • The influence of diffusional growth rates on the charge transfer accompanying rebounding collisions between ice crystals and soft hailstones
    • Baker, B., M. B. Baker, E. R. Jayaratne, J. Latham, and C. P. R. Saunders, The influence of diffusional growth rates on the charge transfer accompanying rebounding collisions between ice crystals and soft hailstones, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 113, 1193-1215, 1987.
    • (1987) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.113 , pp. 1193-1215
    • Baker, B.1    Baker, M.B.2    Jayaratne, E.R.3    Latham, J.4    Saunders, C.P.R.5
  • 5
    • 0024751949 scopus 로고
    • Charge transfer in thunderstorms and the surface melting of ice
    • Baker, M. B., and J. G. Dash, Charge transfer in thunderstorms and the surface melting of ice, J. Cryst. Growth, 97, 770-776, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Cryst. Growth , vol.97 , pp. 770-776
    • Baker, M.B.1    Dash, J.G.2
  • 7
    • 0029481235 scopus 로고
    • Thunderstorm charging: Laboratory experiments clarified
    • Brooks, I. M., and C. P. R. Saunders, Thunderstorm charging: Laboratory experiments clarified, Atmos. Res., 39, 263-273, 1995.
    • (1995) Atmos. Res. , vol.39 , pp. 263-273
    • Brooks, I.M.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2
  • 8
    • 0030712390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect on thunderstorm charging of the rate of rime accretion by graupel
    • Brooks, I. M., C. P. R. Saunders, R. P. Mitzeva, and S. L. Peck, The effect on thunderstorm charging of the rate of rime accretion by graupel, Atmos. Res., 43, 277-295, 1997.
    • (1997) Atmos. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 277-295
    • Brooks, I.M.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2    Mitzeva, R.P.3    Peck, S.L.4
  • 10
    • 0024794606 scopus 로고
    • The electrification of New Mexico thunderstorms, 1, Relationship between precipitation development and the onset of electrification
    • Dye, J. E., W. P. Winn, J. J. Jones, and D. W. Breed, The electrification of New Mexico thunderstorms, 1, Relationship between precipitation development and the onset of electrification, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8643-8656, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 8643-8656
    • Dye, J.E.1    Winn, W.P.2    Jones, J.J.3    Breed, D.W.4
  • 11
    • 0001643833 scopus 로고
    • Charge separation associated with secondary ice crystal production
    • Hallett, J., and C. P. R. Saunders, Charge separation associated with secondary ice crystal production, J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 2230-2235, 1979.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 2230-2235
    • Hallett, J.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2
  • 12
    • 0020330325 scopus 로고
    • Case study of a hailstorm in Colorado, II, Particle growth processes at mid-levels from insitu measurements
    • Heymsfield A. J., and D. J. Musil, Case study of a hailstorm in Colorado, II, Particle growth processes at mid-levels from insitu measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2847-2866, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 2847-2866
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    Musil, D.J.2
  • 13
    • 0022168677 scopus 로고
    • Thunderstorm electrification: The effect of cloud droplets
    • Jayaratne, E. R., and C. P. R. Saunders, Thunderstorm electrification: the effect of cloud droplets, J. Geophys, Res., 90, 13,063-13,066, 1985.
    • (1985) J. Geophys, Res. , vol.90 , pp. 13063-13066
    • Jayaratne, E.R.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2
  • 14
    • 0020918965 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory studies of the charging of soft hail during ice crystal interactions
    • Jayaratne, E. R., C. P. R. Saunders, and J. Hallett, Laboratory studies of the charging of soft hail during ice crystal interactions, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 109, 609-630, 1983.
    • (1983) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.109 , pp. 609-630
    • Jayaratne, E.R.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2    Hallett, J.3
  • 15
    • 0000963819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comment on "A laboratory study of static charging by fracture in ice growing by riming"
    • by Eldo E. Avila and Giorgio M. Caranti
    • Jayaratne, R., S. L. Peck and C. P. R. Saunders, Comment on "A laboratory study of static charging by fracture in ice growing by riming" by Eldo E. Avila and Giorgio M. Caranti, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9533-9535, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 9533-9535
    • Jayaratne, R.1    Peck, S.L.2    Saunders, C.P.R.3
  • 16
    • 0025585711 scopus 로고
    • Further laboratory studies of the charging of graupel during ice crystal interactions
    • Keith, W. D., and C. P. R. Saunders, Further laboratory studies of the charging of graupel during ice crystal interactions, Atmos. Res., 25, 445-464, 1990.
    • (1990) Atmos. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 445-464
    • Keith, W.D.1    Saunders, C.P.R.2
  • 17
    • 0018467020 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the charge structure of lightning discharges to ground
    • Krehbiel, P. R., M. Brook, and R. A. McCrory, An analysis of the charge structure of lightning discharges to ground, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 2432-2456, 1979.
    • (1979) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.84 , pp. 2432-2456
    • Krehbiel, P.R.1    Brook, M.2    McCrory, R.A.3
  • 18
    • 84979318692 scopus 로고
    • The density and structure of ice formed by accretion
    • Macklin, W. C., The density and structure of ice formed by accretion, Q. J. R. Meterol, Soc., 88, 30-50, 1962.
    • (1962) Q. J. R. Meterol, Soc. , vol.88 , pp. 30-50
    • Macklin, W.C.1
  • 19
    • 77955655992 scopus 로고
    • A theoretical study of the ice accretion process
    • Macklin, W. C., and G. S. Payne, A theoretical study of the ice accretion process, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 93, 195-213, 1967
    • (1967) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.93 , pp. 195-213
    • Macklin, W.C.1    Payne, G.S.2
  • 20
    • 0026295391 scopus 로고
    • A numerical study of thunderstorm electrification: Model development and case study
    • Norville, K., M. Baker, and J. Latham, A numerical study of thunderstorm electrification: Model development and case study, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7453-7481, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 7453-7481
    • Norville, K.1    Baker, M.2    Latham, J.3
  • 21
    • 0001684264 scopus 로고
    • Impaction of dust and smoke particles
    • Ranz, W. E., and J. B. Wong, Impaction of dust and smoke particles, Ind. Eng. Chem., 44, 1371-1381, 1952.
    • (1952) Ind. Eng. Chem. , vol.44 , pp. 1371-1381
    • Ranz, W.E.1    Wong, J.B.2
  • 23
    • 0027877205 scopus 로고
    • A review of thunderstorm electrification processes
    • Saunders, C. P. R., A review of thunderstorm electrification processes, J. Apple. Meteor., 32, 642-655, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Apple. Meteor. , vol.32 , pp. 642-655
    • Saunders, C.P.R.1
  • 24
    • 0027042220 scopus 로고
    • The effects of high liquid water content on thunderstorm charging
    • Saunders, C. P. R., and I. M. Brooks, The effects of high liquid water content on thunderstorm charging, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 14,671-14,676, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 14671-14676
    • Saunders, C.P.R.1    Brooks, I.M.2
  • 25
  • 26
    • 0026272378 scopus 로고
    • The effect of liquid water on thunderstorm charging
    • Saunders, C. P. R., W. D. Keith, and R. P. Mitzeva, The effect of liquid water on thunderstorm charging, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 11,007-11,017, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 11007-11017
    • Saunders, C.P.R.1    Keith, W.D.2    Mitzeva, R.P.3
  • 27
    • 0029749395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thundercloud electrification analysis: The dependence on the temperature-LWC diagram
    • Scavuzzo C. M., and G. M. Caranti, Thundercloud electrification analysis: the dependence on the temperature-LWC diagram, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 349-358, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 349-358
    • Scavuzzo, C.M.1    Caranti, G.M.2
  • 28
    • 0000824734 scopus 로고
    • Riming electrification as a charge generation mechanism in thunderstorms
    • Takahashi, T., Riming electrification as a charge generation mechanism in thunderstorms, J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1536-1548, 1978.
    • (1978) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 1536-1548
    • Takahashi, T.1
  • 29
    • 0026308015 scopus 로고
    • Mixed-phase microphysics and cloud electrification
    • Williams, E. R., R. Zhang, and J. Rydock, Mixed-phase microphysics and cloud electrification, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2195-2203, 1991.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 2195-2203
    • Williams, E.R.1    Zhang, R.2    Rydock, J.3
  • 30
    • 0001718336 scopus 로고
    • An aircraft study of rapid precipitation development and electrification in a growing convective cloud
    • Willis, P. T., J. Hallett, R. A. Black, and W. Hendricks, An aircraft study of rapid precipitation development and electrification in a growing convective cloud, Atmos. Res., 33, 1-24, 1994.
    • (1994) Atmos. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 1-24
    • Willis, P.T.1    Hallett, J.2    Black, R.A.3    Hendricks, W.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.