The rediscovery of Shiga toxin and its role in clinical disease

Japanese Journal of Medical Science and Biology

Volumn 51, Issue SUPPL. 1, 1998, Pages

  Keusch, Gerald T ^a  

^a TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL TOXIN; DIPHTHERIA VACCINE; GLOBOTRIAOSYLCERAMIDE; IODINE 125; SHIGA TOXIN; TETANUS TOXOID; VEROTOXIN;

BACTERIAL INFECTION; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONFERENCE PAPER; CYTOTOXICITY; DYSENTERY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; EPIDEMIC; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FUTUROLOGY; GENE SEQUENCE; GEOGRAPHY; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; HUMAN; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LABORATORY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR CLONING; PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION; PATHOGENESIS; SCREENING; SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); ESCHERICHIA COLI; SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE;

EID: 0032441517     PISSN: 00215112     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7883/yoken1952.51.supplement1_s5     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (66)

1. Shiga, K. (1898): Ueber den Erreger der Dysenterie in Japan: Vorläufige Mitteilung. Zbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg 23, 599-600.
2. Shiga, K. (1898): Ueber den Dysenteriebacillus. Zbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg 24, 817-828.
3. von Behring, E. and Kitasato, S. (1890): Ueber das Zustandekommen der Diphtherie-Immunitt und der Tetanus-Immunitat bei thieren. Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift 16, 1113-1114.
4. Neisser, M. and Shiga, K. (1903): Ueber freie Receptoren von Typhus-und Dysenteriebazillen und über das Dysenterietoxin. Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift 29, 61.
5. Conradi, H. (1903): Ueber lösliche, durch aseptische Autolyse erhaltene Giftstoffe von Ruhr - und Typhusbazillen. Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift 29, 26-28.
6. Bessau, G. (1911): Ueber die Dysenteriegifte und ihrer Antikörper. Zentbl. Bakt. Parasit Kde Abt I Orig 57, L27-56.
7. Shiga, K. (1936): The trend of prevention, therapy and epidemiology of dysentery since the discovery of its causative organism. New Eng J Med 215, 1205-1211.
8. Boivin, A. and Mesrobeanu, L. (1937): Recherches sur les toxines des bacilles dysenteriques: sur l'xistence d'un principe toxique thermolabile et neurotrope dans les corps bacteriens du Bacille de Shiga. Compte Rendu Soc Biol 126, 222-225.
9. Dubos, R.J. and Geiger, J.W. (1946): Preparation and properties of Shiga toxin and toxoid. J Exp Med 84, 143-156.
10. Mekalanos, J.J. (1993-94): Bacterial response to host signals: analysis and applications. Harvey Lectures 89, 1-13.
11. Van Heyningen, W.E. and Gladstone, G.P. (1953): The neurotoxin of Shigella dysenteriae 1. Production, purification and properties of the toxin. Br. J Exp Path 34, 202-216.
12. Bridgewater, R.A.J., Morgan, R.S., Rowson, K.E.K. and Payling-Wright, G. (1955): The neurotoxin of Shigella shigae. Morphological and functions lesions produced in the central nervous system of rabbits. Br J Exp Path 36, 447-453.
13. Howard, J.G. (1955): Observations on the intoxication produced in mice and rabbits by the neurotoxin of Shigella shigae. Br JExp Pathol 36, 439-446.
14. Vicari, G., Olitzki, A.L. and Olitzki, Z. (1960): The action of the thermolabile toxin of Shigella dysenteriae on cells cultivated in vitro. Br J Exp Path 41, 179-189.
15. Mata, L.J., Gangarosa, E.J., Caceres, A., Perera, D.R. and Mejicanos, M.L. (1970): Epidemic Shiga bacillus dysentery in Central America. Etiologic investigations in Guatemala, 1969. J Infect Dis 122, 170-180.
16. Keusch, G.T., Grady, G.F., Mata, L.J. and McIver, J.M. (1972): The pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. 1 Enterotoxin production by Shigella dysenteriae I. J Clin Invest 51, 1212-1218.
17. Keusch, G.T., Grady, G.F., Takeuchi, A. and Sprinz, H. (1972): The pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. 2. Enterotoxin induced acute enteritis in rabbit ileum. J. Infect. Dis. 126, 92-95.
18. Keusch, G.T. and Jacewicz, M. (1975): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. V. Relationship of Shiga enterotoxin, neurotoxin and cytotoxin. J Infect Dis 131, S33-S39.
19. Olsnes, S. and Eiklid, K. (1980): Isolation and characterization of Shigella shigae cytotoxin. J Biol Chem 255, 284-289.
20. O'Brien, A.D., LaVeck, G.D., Griffin, D.E. and Thompson, M.R. (1980): Characterization of Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga) toxin purified by anti-Shiga toxin affinity chromatography. Infect Immun 30, 170-179.
21. Donohue-Rolfe, A., Keusch, G.T., Edson, C., ThorleyLawson, D. and Jacewicz, M. (1984): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. IX. Simplified high yield purifica-tion of Shigella toxin and characterization of subunit composition and function by the use of subunit specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. J. Exp. Med. 160, 1767-1781.
22. Keusch, G.T., Jacewicz, M., Levine, M.M., Hornick, R. and Kochwa, S. (1976): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. Serum anti-cytotoxin antibody response produced by toxigenic and "non-toxigenic" S. dysenteriae 1. J Clin Invest 57, 194-202.
23. Keusch, G.T. and Jacewicz, M. (1977): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. VII. Evidence for a cell membrane toxin receptor involving β 1 linked N-acetylglucosamine. J Exp Med 146, 535-542.
24. Konowalchuk, J., Speirs, J.L. and Stavric, S. (1977): Vero response to a cytotoxin of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun 18, 775-779.
25. Koster, F., Levin, J., Walker, L., Tung, KS., Gilman, R.H., Rahaman, M.M., Majid, M.A., Islam, S. and Williams, R.C. Jr. (1978): Hemolytic-uremic syndrome after shigellosis. New Engl J Med 298, 927-933.
26. Riley, L.W., Remis, R.S., Helgerson, S.D., McGee, H.B., Wells, J.G., Davis, B.R., Hebert, R.J., Olcott, E.S., Johnson, L.M., Hargrett, N.T., Blake, P.A. and Cohen, M.L. (1983): Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype. New Eng J Med 308, 681-685.
27. O'Brien, A.D., Lively, T.A., Chen, M.E., Rothman, S.W. and Formal, S.B. (1983): Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains associated with hemorrhagic colitis in the United States produce a Shigella dysenteriae I (Shiga)-like cytotoxin. Lancet I: 702.
28. Strockbine, N.A., Marques, L.R., Newland, J.W., Smith, H.W., Holmes, R.K. and O'Brien, A.D. (1986): Two toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain 933 encode antigenically distinct toxins with similar biologic activities. Infect Immun 53, 135-40.
29. Karmali, M.A., Petric, M., Steele, B.T. and Lim, C. (1983): Sporadic cases of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome associated with faecal cytotoxin and cytototoxin-producing Escherichia coli in stools. Lancet I: 619-620.
30. Donohue-Rolfe, A., Kelley, M., Bennish, M. and Keusch, G.T. (1986): Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay for shigella toxin. J Clin Microbiol 24, 65-68.
31. Keusch, G.T., Donohue-Rolfe, A., Jacewicz, M. and Kane, A.V. (1988): Shiga toxin production and purification. In: Methods in Enzymology, Harshman S, Ed. Volume 165. Academic Press, Orlando. pp 152-162
32. Jacewicz, M., Clausen, H., Nudelman, E., Donohue-Rolfe, A. and Keusch, G.T. (1986): Pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. XI. Isolation of a shigella toxin binding glycolipid fom rabbit jejunum and HeLa cells and its identification as globotriaosylceramide. J Exp Med 163, 1391-1404.
33. Lindberg, A.A., Brown, J.E., Stromberg, N., Westling-Ryd, M. and Schultz, J.E. (1987): Identification of the carbohydrate receptor for Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1. J Biol Chem 262, 1779-85.
34. Jacewicz, M., Feldman, H.A., Donohue-Rolfe, A. and Keusch, G.T. (1989): Pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. XIV. Analysis of Shiga toxin receptors on cloned HeLa cells. J. Infect. Dis 159, 881-889.
35. Jacewicz, M.S., Mobassaleh, M., Gross, S.K., Balasubramanian, K.A., Daniel, P.F., Raghavan, S., McCluer, R.H. and Keusch, G.T. (1994): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. XVII. A mammalian cell membrane glycolipid, Gb3, is required but not sufficient to confer sensitivity to Shiga toxin. J Infect Dis 169, 538-546.
36. DeGrandis, S., Law, H., Brunton, J., Gyles, C. and Lingwood, C.A. (1989): Globotetraosylceramide is recognized by the pig edema disease toxin. J Biol Chem 264, 12520-12525.
37. Jacewicz, M. and Keusch, G.T. (1983): Pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. VIII. Evidence for a translocation step in the cytotoxic action of Shiga toxin. J. Infect. Dis. 148, 844-854.
38. Keusch, G.T. and Jacewicz, M. (1984): Primary amines and chloroquine inhibit cytotoxic responses to Shigella toxin and permit late antibody rescue of toxin treated cells. Biochem Biophys. Res. Comm. 121, 69-78.
39. Sandvig, K., Olsnes, S., Brown, J.E., Petersen, O.W. and van Deurs, B. (1989): Endocytosis from coated pits of Shiga toxin: a glycolipid-binding protein from Shigella dysenteriae 1. J Cell Biol 108, 1331-1343.
40. Sandvig, K., Garred, O., Prydz, K., Kozlov, J.V., Hansen, S.H. and van Deurs, B. (1992): Retrograde transport of endocytosed Shiga toxin to the endoplasmic reticulum. Nature 358, 510-512.
41. Calderwood, S.B., Auclair, F., Donohue-Rolfe, A., Keusch, G.T. and Mekalanos, J.J. (1987): Nucleotide sequence of the ironregulated Shigalike toxin genes of Escherichia coli. Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA) 84, 4364-4368.
42. Jackson, M.P., Newland, J.W., Holmes, R.K. and O'Brien, A.D. (1987): Nucleotide sequence analysis of the structural genes for Shiga-like toxin I encoded by bacteriophage 933J from Escherichia coli. Microb Pathogen 2, 147-153.
43. Seidah, N.G., Donohue-Rolfe, A., Lazure, C., Auclair, F., Keusch, G.T. and Chretien, M. (1986): Complete amino acid sequence of Shigella toxin Bchain. A novel polypeptide containing 69 amino acids and one disulfide bridge. J Biol Chem 261, 13928-13931.
44. Endo, Y., Tsurugi, K., Yutsudo, T., Takeda, Y., Ogasawara, T. and Igarashi, K. (1988): Site of action of a Vero toxin (VT2) from Escherichia coli O157:H7 and of Shiga toxin on eukaryotic ribosomes. RNA N-glycosidase activity of the toxins. Eur J Biochem 171, 45-50.
45. Acheson, D.W.K., Donohue-Rolfe, A. and Keusch, G.T. (1991): The Family of Shiga and Shiga-like Toxins. In: Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins, Alouf JE, Freer JH, Eds. Academic Press, London, pp.415-433
46. Calderwood, S.B., Acheson, D.W.K., Keusch, G.T., Barrett, T.J., Griffin, P.M., Strockbine, N.A., Swaminathan, B., Kaper, J.B., Levine, M.M., Kaplan, B.S., Karch, H., O'Brien, A.D., Obrig, T.G., Tarr, P.I., Takeda, Y. and Wachsmuth, I.K. (1996): Proposed new nomenclature for Shiga-like toxin (verotoxin) family. ASM News 62, 118-119.
47. Garred, O., van Deurs, B. and Sandvig, K. (1995): Furin-induced cleavage and activation of Shiga toxin. J Biol Chem 270, 10817-10821.
48. Garred, O., Dubinina, E., Polesskaya, A., Olsnes, S., Kozlov, J. and Sandvig, K. (1997): Role of the disulfide bond in Shiga toxin A-chain for toxin entry into cells. J Biol Chem 272, 11414-11419.
49. Jacewicz, M.S., Mobassaleh, M., Gross, S.K., Balasubramanian, K.A., Daniel, P.F., Raghavan, S., McCluer, R.H. and Keusch, G.T. (1994): Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea: XVII. A mammalian cell membrane glycolipid, Gb3, is required but not sufficient to confer sensitivity to Shiga toxin. J Infect Dis 169, 538-546.
50. Sandvig, K., Garred, O. and van Deurs, B. (1997): Intracellular transport and processing of protein toxins produced by enteric bacteria. Adv Exp Med Biol 412, 225-232.
51. Fraser, M.E., Chernaia, M.M., Kozlov, Y.V. and James, M.N. (1994): Crystal structure of the holotoxin from Shigella dysenteriae at 2.5 A resolution. Nature Struct Biol 1, 59-64.
52. Stein, P.E., Boodhoo, A., Tyrrell, G.J., Brunton, J.L. and Read, R.J. (1992): Crystal structure of the cell-binding B oligomer of verotoxin-1 from E. coli. Nature 355, 748-750.
53. Nyholm, P.G., Magnusson, G., Zheng, Z., Norel, R., Binnington-Boyd, B. and Lingwood, C.A. (1996): Two distinct binding sites for globotriaosyl ceramide on verotoxins: identification by molecular modelling and confirmation using deoxy analogues and a new glycolipid receptor for all verotoxins. Chem Biol 3, 263-275.
54. Obrig, T.G., Del Vecchio, P.J., Brown, J.E., Moran, T.P., Rowland, B.M., Judge, T.K. and Rothman, S.W. (1988): Direct cytotoxic action of Shiga toxin on human vascular endothelial cells. Infect Immun 56, 2373-2378.
55. Louise, C.B. and Obrig, T.G. (1992): Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome: combined cytotoxic effects of shiga toxin and lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) on human vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Infect Immun 60, 1536-1543.
56. Louise, C.B. and Obrig, T.G. (1991): Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic-uremic syndrome: combined cytotoxic effects of Shiga toxin, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha on human vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Infect Immun 59, 4173-4179.
57. Keusch, G.T., Acheson, D.W.K., Aaldering, L., Erban, J. and Jacewicz, M.S. (1996): Comparison of the effects of Shiga-like toxin 1 on cytokine-and butyrate-treated human umbilical and saphenous vein endothelial cells. J Infect Dis 173, 1164-1170.
58. Obrig, T.G., Louise, C.B., Lingwood, C.A., Boyd, B., Barley-Maloney, L. and Daniel, T.O. (1993): Endothelial heterogeneity in Shiga toxin receptors and responses. J Biol Chem 268, 15484-15488.
59. Jacewicz, M., Acheson, D.W.K., West, G.A., Lincicome, L., Binion, D.G., Fiocchi, Keusch, G.T. : Intestinal microvascular endothelial cells are highly sensitive to Shiga toxins. Submitted
60. Louise, C.B., Tran, M.C. and Obrig, T.G. (1997): Sensitization of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to Shiga toxin: involvement of protein kinase C and NF-kappa B. Infect Immun 65, 3337-3344.
61. Keusch, G.T. (1977): Bacterial toxins as virulence factors: Shiga bacillus dysentery viewed as a toxinosis. The Mt Sinai J Med 44, 33-41.
62. Armstrong, G.D., Rowe, P.C., Goodyer, P., Orrbine, E., Klassen, T.P., Wells, G., MacKenzie, A., Lior, H., Blanchard, C. and Auclair, F. (1995): A phase I study of chemically synthesized verotoxin (Shiga-like toxin) Pk-trisaccharide receptors attached to chromosorb for preventing hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J Infect Dis 171, 1042-1055.
63. Germani, Y., Soro, B., Vohito, M., Morel, O. and Morvan, J. (1997): Lancet 349, 1670.
64. Kim, K.H., Suh, I.S., Kim, J.M., Kim, C.W. and Cho, Y.J. (1989): Etiology of childhood diarrhea in Korea. J Clin Micro 27, 1192-1196.
65. Bhimma, R., Rollins, N.C., Coovadia, H.M. and Adhikari, M. (1997): Post-dysenteric hemolytic uremic syndrome in children during an epidemic of Shigella dysentery in Kwazulu/Natal. Pediatric Nephrol 11, 560-564.
66. Keusch, G.T., Acheson, D.W.K., Marchant, C. and McIver, J. (1998) : Toxoid based active and passive immunization to prevent and/or modulate hemolyticuremic syndrome due to Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli. VTEC97. Am Soc Microbiol, Washington DC, pp.409-418.