Parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis of bacterial infections does not improve cost-efficacy of oral norfloxacin in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

American Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 93, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 2457-2462

  Sàbat, Míriam ^a   Kolle, Lillian ^a   Soriano, Germán ^a   Ortiz, Jordi ^a   Pamplona, Javier ^a   Novella, Maria Teresa ^a   Villanueva, Càndid ^a   Sainz, Sergio ^a   Torras, Javier ^a   Balanzó, Joaquím ^a   Guarner, Carlos ^a  

^a HOSPITAL DE LA SANTA CREU I SANT PAU   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CEFTRIAXONE; NORFLOXACIN;

ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; ARTICLE; ASCITES FLUID; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BRAIN DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHOCK; TREATMENT INDICATION;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; AGED; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; CEFTRIAXONE; CEPHALOSPORINS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; INJECTIONS, INTRAVENOUS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NORFLOXACIN;

EID: 0032433803     PISSN: 00029270     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9270(98)00585-1     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. 1. Rimola A, Bory F, Teres J, et al. Oral, nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Hepatology 1985;5:463-7.
2. 2. Soriano G, Guarner C, Tomás A, et al. Norfloxacin prevents bacterial infections in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1992;103:1267-72.
3. 3. Blaise M, Pateron D, Trinchet JC, et al. Systemic antibiotic therapy prevents bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Hepatology 1994;20:34-8.
4. 4. Pauwels A, Mostefa-Kara N, Debenes B, et al. Systemic antibiotic prophylaxis after gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhotic patients with a high risk of infection. Hepatology 1996;24:802-6.
5. 5. Bernard B, Cadranel J, Valla D, et al. Prognostic significance of bacterial infection in bleeding cirrhotic patients: A prospective study. Gastroenterology 1995;108:1828-34.
6. 6. Llovet JM, Bartolí R, Planas R, et al. Selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin reduces bacterial translocation in ascitic cirrhotic rats exposed to hemorrhagic shock. Hepatology 1996;23:781-7.
7. 7. Altura BM, Hershey SG. Sequential changes in reticuloendothelial system function after acute hemorrhage. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1972;139:935-9.
8. 8. Camara D, Gruber M, Barde C, et al. Transient bacteremia following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:1350-2.
9. 9. Shorvon PJ, Eykyn S, Cotton P. Gastrointestinal instrumentation, bacteremia and endocarditis. Gut 1983;24:1078-93.
10. 10. Soriano G, Guarner C, Tomás A, et al. Predictive factors of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients submitted to prophylactic selective intestinal decontamination. Gastroenterology 1993;104:A998 (abstract).
11. 11. Tomasz A. Multiple-antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1247-51.
12. 12. De Franchis R, Pascal JP, Ancona E, et al. Definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 1992;15: 256-61.
13. 13. Villanueva C, Balanzó J, Novella MT, et al. Nadolol plus isosorbide mononitrate compared with sclerotherapy for the prevention of variceal bleeding. N Engl J Med 1996;334:1624-9.
14. 14. Balanzó J, Sainz S, Such J, et al. Endoscopic hemostasis by local injection of epinephrine and polidocanol in bleeding ulcer. A prospective randomized trial. Endoscopy 1988;20:289-91.
15. 15. Runyon BA, Canawati HN, Akriviadis EA. Optimization of ascitic fluid culture technique. Gastroenterology 1988;95:1351-5.
16. 16. Ortiz J, Soriano G, Coll P, et al. Early microbiologic diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with BacT-ALERT. J Hepatol 1997; 26:839-44.
17. 17. Tomás A, Soriano G, Guarner C, et al. Hospital-acquired bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis undergoing selective intestinal decontamination. J Hepatol 1993;18:262-3 (letter).
18. 18. Llovet JM, Rodríguez-Iglesias P, Moitinho E, et al. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis undergoing selective intestinal decontamination. J Hepatol 1997;26:88-95.
19. 19. Guarner C, Runyon BA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. Gastroenterologist 1995;3:311-28.
20. 20. Hary L, Andrejak M, Leleu S, et al. The pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989;36:613-6.
21. 21. Mercader J, Gómez J, Ruiz J, et al. Use of ceftriaxone in the treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients. Chemotherapy 1989; 35(suppl 2):23S-6S.
22. 22. Gómez-Jiménez J, Ribera E, Gasser I, et al. Randomized trial comparing ceftriaxone with cefonicid for treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:1587-92.
23. 23. Caly WR, Strauss E. A prospective study of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1993;18:353-8.
24. 24. Andreu M, Solà R, Sitges-Serra A, et al. Risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Gastroenterology 1993;104:1133-8.
25. 25. Titó LI, Rimola A, Ginès P, et al. Recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: Frequency and predictive factors. Hepatology 1988;8:27-31.
26. 26. Silvain C, Mannant PR, Ingrand P, et al. Récidive de l'infection spontanée du liquide d'ascite au cours de la cirrhose. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1991;15:106-9.
27. 27. Runyon BA. Low-protein-concentration ascitic fluid is predisposed to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 1986;91:1343-6.
28. 28. Soriano G, Guarner C, Teixidó M, et al. Selective intestinal decontamination prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 1991;100:477-81.
29. 29. Llach J, Rimola A, Navasa M, et al. Incidence and predictive factors of first episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis with ascites: Relevance of ascitic fluid protein concentration. Hepatology 1992;16:724-7.
30. 30. Almdal TP, Skinhoj P. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. Incidence, diagnosis and prognosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987;22: 295-300.
31. 31. Carey WD, Boayke A, Leatherman J. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Clinical and laboratory features with reference to hospital-acquired cases. Am J Gastroenterol 1986;81:1156-61.
32. 32. Ginès P, Rimola A, Planas R, et al. Norfloxacin prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence in cirrhosis: Results of a double blind placebo-controlled trial. Hepatology 1990;12:716-24.
33. 33. Holmes B, Brodgen RN, Richards DM. Norfloxacin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use. Drugs 1985;30:482-513.