Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis undergoing selective intestinal decontamination. A retrospective study of 229 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis episodes

Journal of Hepatology

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 88-95

  Llovet, Josep M ^a   Rodríguez Iglesias, Pilar ^a   Mointinho, Eduardo ^b,c   Planas, Ramón ^a   Bataller, Ramón ^b,c   Navasa, Miquel ^b,c   Menacho, Marga ^a   Pardo, Albert ^a   Castells, Antoni ^b,c   Cabré, Eduard ^a   Arroyo, Vicente ^b,c   Gassull, Miquel Angel ^a   Rodés, Joan ^b,c  

^a Department of Gastroenterology ^*  (Spain)

^b HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARI GERMANS TRIAS I PUJOL   (Spain)

^c HOSPITAL CLÍNIC   (Spain)

Author keywords

cirrhosis; gram positive bacteria; selective intestinal decontamination; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZTREONAM; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CIPROFLOXACIN; ERYTHROMYCIN; IMIPENEM; NORFLOXACIN; OFLOXACIN; PIPERACILLIN; RIFAMPICIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL PERITONITIS; FEMALE; GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIUM; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0342894726     PISSN: 01688278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80014-1     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Garcia-Tsao G. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 21:1992;257-275.
2. Almdal TP, Skinhoj P. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. Incidence, diagnosis, and prognosis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 22:1987;295-300.
3. Llovet JM, Planas R, Morillas R, Quer JC, Cabré E, Boix J, Humbert P, Guilera M, Domènech E, Bertrán X, Gassull MA. Short-term prognosis of cirrhotics with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: multivariate study. Am J Gastroenterol. 88:1993;388-392.
4. Soriano G, Guarner C, Teixidó M, Such J, Barrios J, Enríquez J, Vilardell J. Selective intestinal decontamination prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology. 100:1991;447-481.
5. Andreu M, Solà R, Sitges-Serra A, Alia C, Gallen M, Vila C, Coll S, Oliver M. Risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Gastroenterology. 104:1993;1133-1138.
6. Llach J, Rimola A, Navasa M, Gines P, Salmerón JM, Gines A, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Incidence and predictive factors of first episode of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis with ascites: relevance of ascitic fluid concentration. Hepatology. 16:1992;724-727.
7. Ginès P, Rimola A, Planas R, Vargas V, Marco F, Almela M, Forné M, Miranda ML, Llach J, Salmerón JM, Esteve M, Marqués JM, Jiménez de Anta MT, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Norfloxacin prevents spontaneous bacterial peritonitis recurrence in cirrhosis: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Hepatology. 12:1990;716-724.
8. Titó LI, Rimola A, Ginès P, Llach J, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Recurrence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: frequency and predictive factors. Hepatology. 8:1988;27-31.
9. Soriano G, Guarner C, Tomás A, Villanueva C, Torras X., González D., Sainz S., Anguera A., Cussó X., Balanzó, Vilardell F. Norfloxacin prevents bacterial infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology. 103:1992;1267-1272.
10. Rimola A, Bory F, Terés J, Pérez-Ayuso RM, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Oral nonabsorbable antibiotics prevent infection in cirrhotics with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Hepatology. 5:1985;463-467.
11. Blaise M, Pateron D, Trinchet JC, Levancher S, Beaugrand M, Pourriat J. Systemic antibiotic therapy prevents bacterial infection in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Hepatology. 20:1994;34-38.
12. Hoefs JC, Runyon BA. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. DM-Dis Mon. 31:1985;1-48.
13. Runyon BA, Hoefs JC. Culture-negative neutrocytic ascites: A variant of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Hepatology. 4:1984;1209-1211.
14. Pelletier G, Salmon D, Ink O, Hannoun S, Attali P, Buffet C, Etienne JP. Culture-negative neutrocytic ascites: a less severe variant of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Hepatol. 10:1990;327-331.
15. Follo A, Llovet JM, Navasa M, Planas R, Forns X, Francitorra A, Rimola A, Gassull MA, Arroyo V, Rodés J. Renal impairment after spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: incidence, clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis. Hepatology. 20:1994;1495-1501.
16. Toledo C, Salmerón JM, Rimola A, Navasa M, Arroyo V, Llach J, Gines A, Gines P, Rodés J. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: predictive factors of infection resolution and survival in patients treated with cefotaxime. Hepatology. 17:1993;251-257.
17. Felisart J, Rimola A, Arroyo V, Perez-Ayuso RM, Quintero E, Ginés P, Rodés J. Cefotaxime is more effective than ampicillin-tobramycin in cirrhotics with severe infections. Hepatology. 5:1985;457-462.
18. Rolachon A, Cordier L, Bacq Y, Nousbaum JP, Franza A, Paris JC, Fratte S, Bohn B, Kitmacher P, Stahl JP, Zarski JP. Ciprofloxacin and long-term prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a prospective controlled trial. Hepatology. 22:1995;1171-1174.
19. Dupeyron C, Mangeney N, Sedrati L, Campillo B, Foulet P, Leluan G. Rapid emergence of quinolone resistance in cirrhotic patients treated with norfloxacin to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 38:1994;340-344.
20. Llovet JM, Bartolí R, Planas R, Cabré E, Jimenez M, Urban A, Ojanguren I, Arnal J, Gassull MA. Bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats. Its role on the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gut. 35:1994;1648-1652.
21. Runyon B, Squier S, Borzio M. Translocation of gut bacteria in rats with cirrhosis to mesenteric lymph nodes partially explains the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. J Hepatol. 21:1994;792-796.
22. Llovet JM, Bartolí R, Planas R, Viñado B, Arnal J, Ojanguren I, Ausina V, Gassull MA. Selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin reduces bacterial translocation in ascitic cirrhotic rats exposed to haemorrhagic shock. Hepatology. 1996;. (in press).
23. Runyon B, Borsio M, Young S, Squier SU, Guarner C, Runyon M. Effect of selective bowel decontamination with norfloxacin on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, translocation, and survival in an animal model of cirrhosis. Hepatology. 21:1995;1719-1724.
24. Berg RD, Garlington AW. Translocation of certain indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs in gnotobiotic mouse model. Infect Immun. 23:1979;403-411.
25. Wells C, Maddaus M, Simmons R. Proposed mechanisms for the translocation of intestinal bacteria. Rev Infect Dis. 5:1988;958-979.
26. Deitch E, Berg R, Specian R. Endotoxin promotes the translocation of bacteria from the gut. Arch Surg. 122:1987;185-189.
27. Garcia-Tsao G, Albillos A, Barden GE, West B. Bacterial translocation in acute and chronic portal hypertension. Hepatology. 17:1993;1081-1085.
28. Deitch EA. Bacterial translocation: the influence of dietary variables. Gut. 1:1994;S23-S27. Suppl.
29. Steffen E, Berg R. Relationship betweem caecal population levels of indigenous bacteria and translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes. Infect Immun. 39:1983;1252-1259.
30. Guarner C, Runyon BA, Young S, Heck M, Sheikh MY. Intestinal bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation in an experimental model of cirrhosis in rats. Hepatology. 22:1995;238. (A).