Spinal cord repair: From experimental models to human application

Spinal Cord

Volumn 36, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 811-817

  Fawcett, James W ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b Department of Physiology ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Astrocyte; Axon regeneration; Oligodendrocyte; Schwann cells; Spinal cord; Trophic factors

Indexed keywords

FIBRIN;

ASTROCYTE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; EMBRYONAL TISSUE; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; FIBROBLAST; GLIA CELL; HUMAN; MYELIN SHEATH; NERVE FIBER REGENERATION; NERVE GRAFT; NONHUMAN; OLFACTORY NERVE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPINAL CORD INJURY;

EID: 0032429714     PISSN: 13624393     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3100769     Document Type: Review

References (22)

1. David S, Aguayo AJ. Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system bridges after central nervous system injury in adult rats. Science 1981; 241: 931-933.
2. Schwab ME, Kapfhammer JP, Bandtlow CE. Inhibitors of neurite growth. Annu Rev Neurosci 1993; 16: 565-595.
3. Mukhopadhyay et al. A novel role for myelin-associated glycoprotein as an inhibitor of axonal regeneration. Neuron 1994; 13: 757-767.
4. Dou C-L, Levine JM. Inhibition of neurite growth by the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. J Neurosci 1994; 14: 7616-7628.
5. Fawcett JW. Astrocytic and neuronal factors affecting axon regeneration in the damaged central nervous system. Cell Tissue Res 1997; 290: 371-377.
6. Rabchevsky AG, Streit WJ. Grafting of cultured microglial cells into the lesioned spinal cord of adult rats enhances neurite outgrowth. Journal of Neuroscience Research 1997; 47: 34-48.
7. Xu XM, Guénard V, Kleitman N, Bunge MB. Axonal regeneration into Schwann cell-seeded guidance channels grafted into transected adult rat spinal cord. J Comp Neurol 1995; 351: 145-160.
8. Li Y, Field PM, Raisman G. Repair of adult rat corticospinal tract by transplants of olfactory ensheathing cells. Science 1997; 277: 2000-2002.
9. Reier PJ, Stokes BT, Thompson RJ, Anderson DK. Fetal cell grafts into resection and contusion compression injuries of the rat and cat spinal cord. Exp Neurol 1992; 115: 177-188.
10. Tetzlaff W et al. Response of rubrospinal and corticospinal neurons to injury and neurotrophins. Progress in Brain Research 1994; 103: 271-286.
11. Kobayashi NR et al. BDNF and NT-4 5 Prevent Atrophy of Rat Rubrospinal Neurons after Cervical Axotomy. Stimulate GAP-43 and T1-Tubulin mRNA Expression, and Promote Axonal Regeneration. J Neurosci 1997; 17: 9583-9595.
12. Sawai H et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neutrotrophin-4 5 stimulate growth of axonal branches from regenerating retinal ganglion cells. J Neurosci 1996; 16: 3887-3894.
13. Berry M, Carlile J, Hunter A. Peripheral nerve explants grafted into the vitreous body of the eye promote the regeneration of retinal ganglion cell axons severed in the optic nerve. J Neurocytol 1996; 25: 147-170.
14. Bregman BS et al. Recovery from spinal cord injury mediated by antibodies to neurite growth inhibitors. Nature 1995; 378: 498-502.
15. Z'Graggen WJ et al. Functional recovery and enhanced corticofugal plasticity after unilateral pyramidal tract lesion and blockade of myelin associated neurite growth inhibitors in adult rats. J Neurosci 1998; 18: 4744-4757.
16. Li M et al. Myelin-associated glycoprotein inhibits neurite axon growth and causes growth cone collapse. J Neurosci Res 1996; 46: 404-414.
17. Keirstead HS et al. Axonal regeneration and physiological activity following transection and immunological disruption of myelin within the hatchling chick spinal cord. J Neurosci 1995; 15: 6963-6974.
18. Cheng H, Cao YH, Olson L. Spinal-cord repair in adult paraplegic rats partial restoration of hind-limb function. Science 1996; 273: 510-513.
19. Ramon CA, Plant GW, Avila J, Bunge MB. Long-distance axonal regeneration in the transected adult rat spinal cord is promoted by olfactory ensheathing glia transplants. J Neurosci 1998; 18: 3803-3815.
20. Bregman BS et al. Recovery of function after spinal cord injury: Mechanisms underlying transplant-mediated recovery of function differ after spinal cord injury in newborn and adult rats. Exp Neurol 1993; 123: 3-16.
21. Schnell et al. Neurotrophin-3 enhances sprouting of corticospinal tract during development and after adult spinal-cord lesion. Nature 1994; 367: 170-173.
22. Grill R et al. Cellular delivery of neurotrophin-3 promotes corticospinal axonal growth and partial functional recovery after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 1997; 17: 5560-5572.