Lidar observation of the cirrus cloud in the tropopause at Chung-Li (25°N, 121°E)

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 55, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 2249-2257

  Nee, J B ^a   Len, C N ^a   Chen, W N ^a   Lin, C I ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIRRUS; LIDAR; TROPOPAUSE;

TAIWAN;

EID: 0032413864     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<2249:LOOTCC>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Dowling, D. R., and L. F. Radke, 1990: A summary of physical properties of cirrus clouds. J. Appl. Meteor., 29, 970-978.
2. Fernald, F. G., B. M. Herman, and J. A. Reagan, 1972: Determination of aerosol height distribution by lidar. J. Appl. Meteor., 11, 482.
3. Ferraro, R. F., F. Weng, N. C. Grody, and A. Basist, 1996: An eight year (1987-1994) time series of rainfall, clouds, water vapor, snow cover, and sea ice derived from SSM/I measurements. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 891-905.
4. Heymsfield, A. J., 1972: Ice crystal terminal velocities, J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1348-1357.
5. _, 1986: Ice particles observed in a cirriform cloud at -83°C and implications for polar stratospheric clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 851-855.
6. _, and R. M. Sabin, 1989: Cirrus crystal nucleation by homogeneous freezing of solution droplets. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2252-2264.
7. _, and G. M. McFarquhar, 1996: High albedos of cirrus in the tropical pacific warm pool: Microphysical interpretations from CEPEX and from Kwajalein. Marshall Islands. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2424-2451.
8. Imasu, R., and Y. Iwasaka, 1992: A new analytical procedure to derive the scattering parameter of optically thin clouds from lidar data. J. Geomag. Geoelectr., 44, 277-287.
9. Kley, D., A. L. Schmeltkopf, K. Kelly, R. H. Winkler, T. L. Thompson, and M. McFarland, 1982: Transport of water vapor through the tropical tropopause. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 617-620.
10. Knollenberg, R. G., K. Kelly, and J. C. Wilson, 1993: Measurements of high number densities of ice crystals in the tops of tropical cumulonimbus. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 8639-8664.
11. Liou, K., 1986: Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 1167-1199.
12. McCormick, M. P., H. M. Steele, P. Hamill, W. P. Chu, and T. J. Swissler, 1982: Polar stratospheric cloud sightings by SAM II. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1387-1397.
13. McFarquhar, G. M., and A. J. Heymsfield, 1996: Microphysical characteristics of three anvils sampled during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2401-2423.
14. Newell, R. E., and S. Gould-Stewart, 1981: A stratospheric fountain? J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2789-2795.
15. Platt, C. M. R., J. C. Scott, and A. C. Dilley, 1987: Remote sounding of high clouds. Part VI: Optical properties of midlatitude and tropical cirrus. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 729-747.
16. Pratt, R. W., 1985: Review of radiosonde humidity and temperature errors. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2, 404-407.
17. Reagan, J. A., M. P. McCormick, and J. D. Spinhirne, 1989: Lidar sensing of aerosols and clouds in the troposphere and stratosphere. Proc. IEEE, 77, 433-448.
18. Sassen, K., and B, S. Cho, 1992: Subvisual-thin cirrus lidar dataset for satellite verification and climatological research. J. Appl. Meteor., 31, 1275-1285.
19. Stowe, L. L., H. Y. M. Yeh, T. F. Eck, C. G. Wellemeyer, H. L. Kyle, and the Nimbus-7 Cloud Data Processing Team, 1989: Nimbus-7 Global cloud climatology. Part II: First year results, J. Climate, 2, 671-708.
20. Takahashi, T. and K. Kuhara, 1993: Precipitation mechanisms of cumulonimbus clouds at Pohnpei, Micronesia. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 71, 21-31.
21. Wang, P. H., M. P. McCormick, L. R. Poole, W. P. Chu, G. K. Yue, G. S. Kent, and K. M. Skeens, 1994: Tropical high cloud characteristics derived from SAGE II extinction measurements. Atmos. Res., 34, 53-83.
22. Woodbury, G. E., and M. P. McCormick, 1983: Global distributions of cirrus clouds determined from SAGE data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 1180-1193.