Mortality variations in England and Wales between types of place: An analysis of the ONS longitudinal Study

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 47, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 2055-2066

  Ecob, Russell ^a   Jones, Kelvyn ^b  

^a MRC SOCIAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCES UNIT   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Area variations; Craig Webber codes; Mortality; ONS longitudinal Study

Indexed keywords

HEALTH IMPACT; MORTALITY; SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL CLASS; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADULT; AGED; ENGLAND; FEMALE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; ODDS RATIO; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RISK FACTORS; SMALL-AREA ANALYSIS; SOCIAL CLASS; WALES;

UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0032408459     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00310-4     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Backlund, E., Sorlie, P.D. and Johnson, N.J. (1996) The shape of the relationship between income and mortality in the United States: evidence from the National Longitudinal Mortality Study. Ann. Epidemiol. 6, 12-20.
2. Blaxter, M. (1990) In Health and Lifestyles, Tavistock/ Routledge, London.
3. Britton, M. (1990) In Mortality and Geography a Review in the Mid 1980's, England and Wales, HMSO, London.
4. Britton, M., Fox, A. J., Goldblatt, P., Jones, D. R. and Rosato, M. (1990) The influence of socio-economic and environmental factors on geographic variation in mortality. In Mortality and Geography a Review in the Mid 1980's, England and Wales, eds. M. Britton, HMSO, London.
5. Bryce, C., Curtis, S. and Mohan, J. (1994) Coronary heart disease: trends in spatial inequalities and implications for health care planning in England. Social Science and Medicine 38, 677-690.
6. Charlton, J. (1996) Which areas are healthiest? Population Trends 83, 17-24.
7. Cox, B. D., Blaxter, M., Buckle, A. L. J. et al. (1987) In The Health and Lifestyle Survey; preliminary report of a nationwide survey of the physical and mental health, attitudes and lifestyle of a random sample of 9003 British adults, Health Promotion Research Trust, London.
8. Craig, J. A. (1986) 1981 Socio-economic classification of local and health authorities of Great Britain. OPCS Studies on Medical and Population Subjects. HMSO, London. 48.
9. Davey, Smith G., Hart, C., Watt, G., Hole, D. and Hawthorne, V. (1998) Individual social class, area based deprivation, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and mortality: the Renfrew and Paisley study. J Epidemiol. Community Health 52, 399-405.
10. Dies-Roux, A.V. (1998) Bringing context back into epidemiology: variables and fallacies in multilevel analysis. American Journal of Public Health 88(2), 216-222.
11. Drever, F. and Whitehead, M. (1995) Mortality in regions and local authority districts in the 1990's: exploring the relationship with deprivation. Population Trends 82, 19-26.
12. Duncan, C., Jones, K. and Moon, G. (1996) Health-related behaviour in context: a multilevel approach. Social Science and Medicine 42, 817-830.
13. Eames, M., Ben-Shlomo, Y. and Marmot, M.G. (1993) Social deprivation and premature mortality: regional comparison across England. BMJ 307, 1097-1102.
14. Fox, A.J., Jones, D.R. and Goldblatt, P.O. (1984) Approaches to studying the effect of socio-economic circumstances on geographic differences in mortality in England and Wales. British Medical Bulletin 40, 309-314.
15. Goldstein, H. (1995) Multilevel Statistical Models. (2nd). Arnold, London.
16. Jones, K. (1993) Using multilevel models for survey analysis. Journal of the Market Research Society 35, 249-265.
17. Jones, K. and Moon, G. (1993) Medical geography: taking place seriously. Progress in Human Geography 17, 515-524.
18. Jones, K. and Duncan, C. (1995) Individuals and their ecologies: analysing the geography of chronic illness within a multilevel modelling framework. Health and Place 1, 27-40.
19. Kaplan, G.A. (1996) People and places: contrasting perspectives on the association between social class and health. International Journal of Health Services 26(3), 507-519.
20. Langford, I.H. and Bentham, G. (1996) Regional variations in mortality rates in England and Wales: an analysis using multilevel modelling. Soc. Sci. Med. 42(6), 897-908.
21. Macintyre, S., MacIver, S. and Sooman, A. (1993) Area, class and health: should we be focussing on places or people? Journal of Social Policy 22, 213-234.
22. Macintyre, S. (1997) What are spatial effects and how can we measure them?. In Exploiting national survey data: the role of locality and spatial effects, eds. Dale, CCSR Occasional Paper 12, Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, University of Manchester, Manchester.
23. Macintyre, S. and Ellaway, A. (1996) In Area variations in health, Paper given at the IBG/RGS conference at Strathclyde University, 5th January.
24. McLoone, P. and Boddy, F.A. (1994) Deprivation and mortality in Scotland, 1981 and 1991. BMJ 309, 1465-1470.
25. McCullagh, P. and Nelder, J. A. (1989) Generalised Linear Models. (2nd). Chapman and Hall, London.
26. Moser, K., Pugh, H.S. and Goldblatt, P.O. (1988) Inequalities in women's health: looking at mortality differentials using an alternative approach. BMJ 296, 1221-1224.
27. SAS Institute Inc. (1989) SAS/STAT User's Guide. (Version 6 (4th edn.)). SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC:, 2.
28. Shouls, S., Congdon, P. and Curtis, S. (1996) Modelling inequality in reported long term illness in the UK: combining individual and area characteristics. J Epidemiol. Community Health 50, 366-376.
29. Shouls, S., Congdon, P. and Curtis, S. (1996) Geographic variation in illness and mortality: the development of a relevant area typology for SAR districts. Health & Place 2(3), 139-155.
30. Sloggett, A. and Joshi, H. (1994) Higher mortality in deprived areas: community or personal disadvantage. BMJ 309, 1470-1474.
31. Susser, M. (1994) The logic in ecological: 1. the logic of analysis. Am J Public Health 84, 825-829.
32. Webber, R. J. (1977) The National Classification of Residential Neighbourhoods: An Introduction to the Classification of Wards and Parishes. (PRAG Technical Report TP23). Centre for Environmental Studies, London.
33. Webber, R. J. and Craig, J. (1978) Socio-economic classification of local authorities. In Studies on Medical and Population Subjects No 35, HMSO, London.
34. Willms, J. D. (1992) In Monitoring School Performance: a Guide for Educators, Falmer, London.
35. Woodhouse, G., Yang, M., Goldstein, H. and Rasbash, J. (1996) Adjusting for measurement error in multilevel analysis. J. R. Statist. Soc. A 159(2), 201-212.