Group homogeneity as a function of relative social status

Swiss Journal of Psychology

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 255-273

  Lorenzi Cioldi, Fabio ^a   Deaux, Kay ^b   Dafflon, Anne Claude ^b  

^a Fac Psychol et des Sci de l'Educ   (Switzerland)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Group homogeneity; Intergroup relations; Social identity; Social status

Indexed keywords

EID: 0032285596     PISSN: 14210185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Arcuri, L. (1982). Three patterns of social categorization in attribution memory. European Journal of Social Psychology, 12, 271-282.
2. Bourdieu, P. & De Saint Martin, M. (1978). Le patronat [The employers]. Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 20-21, 3-82.
3. Branscombe, N. R., Deaux, K. & Lerner, M. S. (1985). Individual differences and the influence of context on categorization and prejudice. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 15, 25-35.
4. Brewer, M. B. (1988). A dual process model of impression formation. In T. K. Srull & R. S. Wyer (Eds.), Advances in Social Cognition (Vol 1, pp. 1-36). Hillsdale. NJ: Erlbaum.
5. Brewer, M. B. (1993). Social identity, distinctiveness, and in-group homogeneity. Social Cognition, 11, 150-164.
6. Brewer, M. B. & Weber, J. G. (1994). Self-evaluation effects of interpersonal versus intergroup social comparison. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 268-275.
7. Brown, R. J. & Smith, A. (1989). Perceptions of and by minority groups: The case of women in Academia. European Journal of Social Psychology, 19, 61-75.
8. Carpenter, S. (1993). Organization of in-group and out-group information: The influence of gender-role orientation. Social Cognition, 11, 70-91.
9. Devos, T., Comby, L. & Deschamps, J.-C. (1996). Asymmetries in judgements of intragroup variability. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology, vol. 7, pp. 95-144.
10. Doise, W. (1986). Levels of explanation in social psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11. Edeler, B. (1997). The organisation of information about persons in memory: Does it depend on the personal relevance of the information? Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 205, 231-252.
12. Fiske, S. T. (1993). Controlling other people. The impact of power on stereotyping. American Psychologist. 48, 621-628.
13. Fiske, S. T. & Neuberg, S. L. (1990). A continuum model of impression formation, from category-based to individuating processes: Influence of information and motivation on attention and interpretation. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (vol 23, pp. 1-74). San Diego: Academic Press.
14. Frable, D. S. & Bem, S. (1985). If you are gender schematic, all members of the opposite sex look alike. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 459-168.
15. Gordon, C. (1968). Self-conception: Configuration of content. In C. Gordon & K. Gergen (Eds.), The self in social interaction. New York: Wiley.
16. Henley, N. M. ( 1977). Body politics: Power, sex, and non-verbal communication. Englewood-Cliffs, Prentice Hall.
17. Hewstone, M., Hantzi, A. & Johnston, L. (1991). Social categorization and person memory: The pervasiveness of race as an organizing principle. European Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 517-528.
18. Jost, J. T. & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1-27.
19. Judd, C. M. & Park, B. (1988). Out-group homogeneity: Judgments of variability at the individual and group levels. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 778-788.
20. Keltner, D. & Robinson, R. J. (1997). Defending the status quo: Power and bias in social conflict. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 1066-1077.
21. LaFrance, M. & Henley, N. M. (1994). On oppressing hypotheses: Or differences in nonverbal sensitivity revisited. In H. L. Radke & H. J. Stain (Eds.), Power/Gender: Social relations in theory and practice, (pp. 287-311). London: Sage.
22. Lewin, K. (1948). Resolving social conflicts. New York: Harper.
23. Linville, P. W., Fischer, G. W. & Salovey, P. (1989). Perceived distributions of the characteristics of in-group and out-group members: Empirical evidence and a computer simulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 165-188.
24. Linville, P. W., Salovey, P. & Fischer, G. W. (1986). Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to in-group-out-group perception. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 165-208). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
25. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. ( 1988). Individus dominants et groupes dominés [Dominant individuals and dominated groups]. Grenoble: Presses Universitaires.
26. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. (1993). They all look alike, but so do we, sometimes... Perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity as a function of gender and context. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 111-124.
27. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. (1994). Les androgynes [The androgynes]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
28. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. (1998). Group status and perceptions of homogeneity. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology, vol. 9, pp. 31-75.
29. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. & Doise, W. (1990). Levels of analysis and social identity. In D. Abrams & M. Hogg (Eds.), Social identity theory (pp. 71-88). New York: Harverster.
30. Lorenzi-Cioldi, F., Eagly, A. H. & Stewart, T. (1995). Homogeneity of gender groups in memory. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 31, 193-217.
31. Marques, J. M., Robalo, E. M. & Rocha, S. A. (1992). Ingroup bias and the 'black sheep' effect:: Assessing the impact of social identification and perceived variability on group judgements. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22, 331-352.
32. McGuire, W. J. (1984). Search for the self: Going beyond self-esteem and the reactive self. In R. A. Zucker, J. Aronoff & A. I. Rabin (Eds.), Personality and the prediction of behavior (pp. 73-120). New York: Academic Press.
33. Messick, D. M. & Mackie, D. M. (1989). Intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 40, 45-81.
34. Mullen, B. (1991). Group composition, salience, and cognitive representations: The phenomenology of being in a group. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 297-323.
35. Mullen, B. & Hu, L. (1989). Perceptions of ingroup and outgroup variability: A meta-analytic integration. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 10, 233-252.
36. Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A. & Turner, J. C. (1994). Stereo-typing and social reality. Oxford: Blackwell.
37. Ostrom, T. M. & Sedikides, C. (1992). Out-group homogeneity effects in natural and minimal groups. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 536-552.
38. Ostrom, T. M., Carpenter, S. L., Sedikides, C. & Li, F. (1993). Differential processing of in-group and out-group information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 21-34.
39. Park, B. & Hastie, R. (1987). Perception of variability in category development: Instance versus abstraction-based stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 621-635.
40. Park, B. & Judd, C. M. (1990). Measures and models of perceived group variability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 173-191.
41. Park, B. & Rothbart, M. (1982). Perception of out-group homogeneity and levels of social categorization: Memory for the subordinate attributes of in-group and out-group members. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 1051-1068.
42. Park, B., Ryan, C. S. & Judd, C. M. (1992). Role of meaningful subgroups in explaining differences in perceived variability for in-groups and out-groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 553-567.
43. Pryor, J. B. & Ostrom, T. M. (1987). Social cognition theory of group processes. In B. Mullen & G. R. Goethals (Eds.), Theories of group behavior (pp. 147-183). New York: Springer.
44. Quattrone, G. A. (1986). On the perception of a group's variability. In S. Worchel and W. Austin (Eds.), The psychology of intergroup relations (2nd ed., pp. 25-48). Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
45. Sedikides, C. (1997). Differential processing of ingroup and outgroup information: The role of relative group status in permeable boundary groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 121-144.
46. Sedikides, C. & Ostrom, T. M. (1993). Perceptions of group variability: Moving from an uncertain crawl to a purposeful stride. Social Cognition, 11, 165-174.
47. Sherif, M. (1966). In common predicament. New York: Houghton Mufflin.
48. Simon, B. (1992). The perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity: Reintroducing the intergroup context. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology, vol. 3, pp. 1-30.
49. Simon, B. (1998). The self in minority-majority contexts. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology, vol. 9, pp. 1-30.
50. Simon, B., Glässner-Bayerl, B. & Stratenwerth, I. (1991). Stereotyping and self-stereotyping in a natural intergroup context: The case of heterosexual and homosexual men. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54, 252-266.
51. Smith, E. R. & Zàrate, M. A. (1992). Exemplar-based models of social judgment. Psychological Review, 99, 3-21.
52. Snodgrass, S. E. (1985). Women's intuition: The effect of subordinate role on interpersonal sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 146-155.
53. Tajfel, H. (1981). The social psychology of minorities. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Human groups and social categories (pp. 309-362). Cambridge: University Press.
54. Tajfel, H., Billig, M., Bundy, R. & Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behavior. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-175.
55. Taylor, S. E., Fiske, S. T., Etcoff, N. L. & Ruderman, A. J. (1978). Categorical and contextual bases of person memory and stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 778-793.
56. Thibaut, J. (1950). An experimental study of the cohesiveness of underprivileged groups. Human Relations, 3, 251-278.
57. Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D. & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group. Oxford: Blackwell.
58. Wilder, D. A. (1986). Social categorization: Implications for creation and reduction of intergroup bias. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 19, pp. 291-355). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
59. Zàrate, M. A. & Smith, E. R. (1990). Person categorization and stereotyping. Social Cognition, 8, 161-185.
60. Ziller, R. C. (1964). Individuation and socialization: A theory of assimilation in large organizations. Human Relations, 17, 341-360.