메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 95-144

Asymmetries in Judgements of Ingroup and Outgroup Variability

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84917179150     PISSN: 10463283     EISSN: 1479277X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14792779443000111     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (146)
  • 1
    • 24644458972 scopus 로고
    • Infra-group, intra-group and intergroup: Construing levels of organisation in social influence
    • Moscovici S., Mugny G., Van Avermaet E., (eds), Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de lHomme,. Edited by
    • Allen, V. L., 1985. “ Infra-group, intra-group and intergroup: Construing levels of organisation in social influence ”. In Perspectives on Minority Influence, Edited by: Moscovici, S., Mugny, G., and Van Avermaet, E., 217–38. Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
    • (1985) Perspectives on Minority Influence , pp. 217-238
    • Allen, V.L.1
  • 2
    • 0014513954 scopus 로고
    • Contact hypothesis in ethnic relations
    • Amir, Y., 1969. Contact hypothesis in ethnic relations. Psychological Bulletin, 71: 319–42.
    • (1969) Psychological Bulletin , vol.71 , pp. 319-342
    • Amir, Y.1
  • 4
    • 84985810566 scopus 로고
    • Majority–minority status and perceived ingroup variability revisited
    • Bartsch, R. A., and Judd, C. M., 1993. Majority–minority status and perceived ingroup variability revisited. European Journal of Social Psychology, 23: 471–83.
    • (1993) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 471-483
    • Bartsch, R.A.1    Judd, C.M.2
  • 7
    • 26444459341 scopus 로고
    • In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis
    • Brewer, M. B., 1979. In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 86: 307–24.
    • (1979) Psychological Bulletin , vol.86 , pp. 307-324
    • Brewer, M.B.1
  • 8
    • 0001418871 scopus 로고
    • The social self: On being the same and different at the same time
    • Brewer, M. B., 1991. The social self: On being the same and different at the same time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17: 475–82.
    • (1991) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.17 , pp. 475-482
    • Brewer, M.B.1
  • 9
    • 85045018364 scopus 로고
    • Social identity, distinctiveness, and in-group homogeneity
    • Brewer, M. B., 1993. Social identity, distinctiveness, and in-group homogeneity. Social Cognition, 11: 150–64.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 150-164
    • Brewer, M.B.1
  • 11
    • 0001352773 scopus 로고
    • Categorization of the elderly by the elderly: Effects of perceiver's category membership
    • Brewer, M. B., and Lui, L., 1984. Categorization of the elderly by the elderly: Effects of perceiver's category membership. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 10: 585–95.
    • (1984) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.10 , pp. 585-595
    • Brewer, M.B.1    Lui, L.2
  • 13
    • 84985848165 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of and by minority groups: The case of women in academia
    • Brown, R., and Smith, A., 1989. Perceptions of and by minority groups: The case of women in academia. European Journal of Social Psychology, 19: 61–75.
    • (1989) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 61-75
    • Brown, R.1    Smith, A.2
  • 14
    • 85050175280 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of group homogeneity during group formation and change
    • Brown, R., and Wootton-Millward, L., 1993. Perceptions of group homogeneity during group formation and change. Social Cognition, 11: 126–49.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 126-149
    • Brown, R.1    Wootton-Millward, L.2
  • 16
    • 85050415610 scopus 로고
    • Organization of in-group and out-group information: The influence of gender-role orientation
    • Carpenter, S., 1993. Organization of in-group and out-group information: The influence of gender-role orientation. Social Cognition, 11: 70–91.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 70-91
    • Carpenter, S.1
  • 17
    • 85051137876 scopus 로고
    • Levels of categorization and differentiation between and within categories
    • Pichevin M.F., Hurtig M.C., Piolat M., (eds), Singapore: World Scientific,. Edited by
    • Clémence, A., 1993. “ Levels of categorization and differentiation between and within categories ”. In Studies on the Self and Social Cognition, Edited by: Pichevin, M. F., Hurtig, M. C., and Piolat, M., 165–79. Singapore: World Scientific.
    • (1993) Studies on the Self and Social Cognition , pp. 165-179
    • Clémence, A.1
  • 18
    • 84984458661 scopus 로고
    • On the so-called “superior conformity of the self” behavior: Twenty experimental investigations
    • Codol, J. P., 1975. On the so-called “superior conformity of the self” behavior: Twenty experimental investigations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 5: 457–501.
    • (1975) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 457-501
    • Codol, J.P.1
  • 19
    • 0002244749 scopus 로고
    • La perception de la similitude interpersonnelle: Influence de l'appartenance catégorielle et du point de référence de la comparaison
    • Codol, J. P., 1984a. La perception de la similitude interpersonnelle: Influence de l'appartenance catégorielle et du point de référence de la comparaison. L'Année Psychologique, 84: 43–56.
    • (1984) L'Année Psychologique , vol.84 , pp. 43-56
    • Codol, J.P.1
  • 20
    • 0001087460 scopus 로고
    • Social differentiation and non-differentiation
    • Tajfel H., (ed), Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de lHomme,. Edited by
    • Codol, J. P., 1984b. “ Social differentiation and non-differentiation ”. In The Social Dimension: European developments in social psychology, Edited by: Tajfel, H., Vol. 1, 314–37. Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
    • (1984) The Social Dimension: European developments in social psychology , vol.1 , pp. 314-337
    • Codol, J.P.1
  • 21
    • 84985784033 scopus 로고
    • The dilution effect and group membership: An instance of the pervasive impact of outgroup homogeneity
    • Denhaerinck, P., Leyens, J. P., and Yzerbyt, V., 1989. The dilution effect and group membership: An instance of the pervasive impact of outgroup homogeneity. European Journal of Social Psychology, 19: 243–50.
    • (1989) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 243-250
    • Denhaerinck, P.1    Leyens, J.P.2    Yzerbyt, V.3
  • 22
    • 0040641481 scopus 로고
    • Différenciation catégorielle et différenciation de soi par rapport à autrui
    • Deschamps, J. C., 1979. Différenciation catégorielle et différenciation de soi par rapport à autrui. Recherches de Psychologie Sociale, 1: 29–38.
    • (1979) Recherches de Psychologie Sociale , vol.1 , pp. 29-38
    • Deschamps, J.C.1
  • 23
    • 0002406991 scopus 로고
    • Social identity and relations of power between groups
    • Tajfel H., (ed), Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de lHomme,. Edited by
    • Deschamps, J. C., 1982. “ Social identity and relations of power between groups ”. In Social Identity and Intergroup Relations, Edited by: Tajfel, H., 85–98. Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
    • (1982) Social Identity and Intergroup Relations , pp. 85-98
    • Deschamps, J.C.1
  • 24
    • 0012860681 scopus 로고
    • Identités, appartenances sociales et différenciations individuelles
    • Deschamps, J. C., 1991. Identités, appartenances sociales et différenciations individuelles. Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale, 9–10: 49–61.
    • (1991) Cahiers Internationaux de Psychologie Sociale , vol.9-10 , pp. 49-61
    • Deschamps, J.C.1
  • 25
    • 0040415129 scopus 로고
    • Social representations, inter-group experiments and levels of analysis
    • Farr R.M., Moscovici S., (eds), Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de lHomme,. Edited by
    • Doise, W., 1984. “ Social representations, inter-group experiments and levels of analysis ”. In Social Representations, Edited by: Farr, R. M., and Moscovici, S., 255–68. Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
    • (1984) Social Representations , pp. 255-268
    • Doise, W.1
  • 26
    • 0003954263 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de lHomme
    • Doise, W., 1986. Levels of Explanation in Social Psychology, Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press/Maison des Sciences de l'Homme.
    • (1986) Levels of Explanation in Social Psychology
    • Doise, W.1
  • 27
    • 84934181031 scopus 로고
    • Individual and social identities in intergroup relations
    • Doise, W., 1988. Individual and social identities in intergroup relations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18: 99–111.
    • (1988) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 99-111
    • Doise, W.1
  • 28
    • 0040415132 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of differentiation within and between groups
    • van Oudenhoven J.P., Willemsen T.M., (eds), Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger, and,. Edited by
    • Doise, W., and Lorenzi-Cioldi, F., 1989. “ Patterns of differentiation within and between groups ”. In Ethnic Minorities: Social psychological perspectives, Edited by: van Oudenhoven, J. P., and Willemsen, T. M., 43–57. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
    • (1989) Ethnic Minorities: Social psychological perspectives , pp. 43-57
    • Doise, W.1    Lorenzi-Cioldi, F.2
  • 30
    • 4644234910 scopus 로고
    • A theory of social comparison processes
    • Festinger, L., 1954. A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7: 117–40.
    • (1954) Human Relations , vol.7 , pp. 117-140
    • Festinger, L.1
  • 31
    • 0026915391 scopus 로고
    • The role of diagnosticity in stereotype formation: Perceiving group means and variances
    • Ford, T. E., and Stangor, C., 1992. The role of diagnosticity in stereotype formation: Perceiving group means and variances. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63: 356–67.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.63 , pp. 356-367
    • Ford, T.E.1    Stangor, C.2
  • 32
    • 58149369825 scopus 로고
    • If you are gender schematic, all members of the opposite sex look alike
    • Frable, D. E. S., and Bem, S. L., 1985. If you are gender schematic, all members of the opposite sex look alike. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49: 459–68.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 459-468
    • Frable, D.E.S.1    Bem, S.L.2
  • 35
    • 84984524512 scopus 로고
    • How context-independent is the outgroup homogeneity effect? A response to Bartsch and Judd
    • Haslam, S. A., and Oakes, P. J., 1995. How context-independent is the outgroup homogeneity effect? A response to Bartsch and Judd. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25: 469–75.
    • (1995) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 469-475
    • Haslam, S.A.1    Oakes, P.J.2
  • 36
    • 84977301559 scopus 로고
    • Social categorization and group homogeneity: Changes in the perceived applicability of stereotype content as a function of comparative context and trait favourableness
    • Haslam, S. A., Oakes, P. J., Turner, J. C., and McGarty, C., 1995. Social categorization and group homogeneity: Changes in the perceived applicability of stereotype content as a function of comparative context and trait favourableness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34: 139–60.
    • (1995) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 139-160
    • Haslam, S.A.1    Oakes, P.J.2    Turner, J.C.3    McGarty, C.4
  • 37
    • 0000412408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social identity, self-categorization and the perceived homogeneity of ingroups and outgroups: The interaction between social motivation and cognition
    • in press),Sorrentino R.M., Higgins E.T., (eds), New York: Guilford, and,. Edited by
    • Haslam, S. A., Oakes, P. J., Turner, J. C., and McGarty, C., (in press). “ Social identity, self-categorization and the perceived homogeneity of ingroups and outgroups: The interaction between social motivation and cognition ”. In Handbook of Motivation and Cognition, Edited by: Sorrentino, R. M., and Higgins, E. T., Vol. 3, New York: Guilford.
    • Handbook of Motivation and Cognition , vol.3
    • Haslam, S.A.1    Oakes, P.J.2    Turner, J.C.3    McGarty, C.4
  • 38
    • 0002033401 scopus 로고
    • Contact is not enough: An intergroup perspective on the contact hypothesis
    • Hewstone M., Brown R., (eds), London: Blackwell, and,. Edited by
    • Hewstone, M., and Brown, R., 1986. “ Contact is not enough: An intergroup perspective on the contact hypothesis ”. In Contact and Conflict in Intergroup Encounters, Edited by: Hewstone, M., and Brown, R., 1–44. London: Blackwell.
    • (1986) Contact and Conflict in Intergroup Encounters , pp. 1-44
    • Hewstone, M.1    Brown, R.2
  • 40
    • 84985846025 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive models of stereotype change: (2) Perceptions of homogeneous and heterogeneous groups
    • Hewstone, M., Johnston, L., and Aird, P., 1992. Cognitive models of stereotype change: (2) Perceptions of homogeneous and heterogeneous groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22: 235–49.
    • (1992) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 235-249
    • Hewstone, M.1    Johnston, L.2    Aird, P.3
  • 41
    • 0343408338 scopus 로고
    • Schema abstraction” in a multiple-trace memory model
    • Hintzman, D. L., 1986. “Schema abstraction” in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93: 411–28.
    • (1986) Psychological Review , vol.93 , pp. 411-428
    • Hintzman, D.L.1
  • 43
    • 6144284410 scopus 로고
    • Dimensions of contact as predictors of intergroup anxiety, perceived out-group variability, and out-group attitude: An integrative model
    • Islam, M. R., and Hewstone, M., 1993. Dimensions of contact as predictors of intergroup anxiety, perceived out-group variability, and out-group attitude: An integrative model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 19: 700–10.
    • (1993) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.19 , pp. 700-710
    • Islam, M.R.1    Hewstone, M.2
  • 44
    • 0001267846 scopus 로고
    • Perceived variability of personal characteristics in in-groups and out-groups: The role of knowledge and evaluation
    • Jones, E. E., Wood, G. C., and Quattrone, G. A., 1981. Perceived variability of personal characteristics in in-groups and out-groups: The role of knowledge and evaluation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7: 523–8.
    • (1981) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.7 , pp. 523-528
    • Jones, E.E.1    Wood, G.C.2    Quattrone, G.A.3
  • 45
    • 84984456200 scopus 로고
    • Cats, dogs, and the OH effect: A reply to Simon and to Haslam and Oakes
    • Judd, C. M., and Bartsch, R. A., 1995. Cats, dogs, and the OH effect: A reply to Simon and to Haslam and Oakes. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25: 477–80.
    • (1995) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 477-480
    • Judd, C.M.1    Bartsch, R.A.2
  • 46
    • 0038874939 scopus 로고
    • Out-group homogeneity: Judgements of variability at the individual and group levels
    • Judd, C. M., and Park, B., 1988. Out-group homogeneity: Judgements of variability at the individual and group levels. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54: 778–88.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 778-788
    • Judd, C.M.1    Park, B.2
  • 48
    • 85044795613 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of general variability of social groups
    • Kashima, E. S., and Kashima, Y., 1993. Perceptions of general variability of social groups. Social Cognition, 11: 1–21.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 1-21
    • Kashima, E.S.1    Kashima, Y.2
  • 49
  • 50
    • 0002395197 scopus 로고
    • Attribution theory in social psychology
    • Levine D., (ed), Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press,. Edited by
    • Kelley, H. H., 1967. “ Attribution theory in social psychology ”. In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Edited by: Levine, D., Vol. 15, 192–238. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
    • (1967) Nebraska Symposium on Motivation , vol.15 , pp. 192-238
    • Kelley, H.H.1
  • 51
    • 85004829922 scopus 로고
    • Intergroup differentiation in a political context
    • Kelly, C., 1988. Intergroup differentiation in a political context. British Journal of Social Psychology, 27: 319–32.
    • (1988) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 319-332
    • Kelly, C.1
  • 52
    • 85004720713 scopus 로고
    • Political identity and perceived intragroup homogeneity
    • Kelly, C., 1989. Political identity and perceived intragroup homogeneity. British Journal of Social Psychology, 28: 239–50.
    • (1989) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 239-250
    • Kelly, C.1
  • 54
    • 21144482748 scopus 로고
    • Use of mental frequency distributions to represent variability among members of social categories
    • Kraus, S., Ryan, C. S., Judd, C. M., Hastie, R., and Park, B., 1993. Use of mental frequency distributions to represent variability among members of social categories. Social Cognition, 11: 22–43.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 22-43
    • Kraus, S.1    Ryan, C.S.2    Judd, C.M.3    Hastie, R.4    Park, B.5
  • 55
    • 21844491004 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and social judgment: The consequences of group variability
    • Lambert, A. J., 1995. Stereotypes and social judgment: The consequences of group variability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68: 388–403.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 388-403
    • Lambert, A.J.1
  • 56
    • 0025504578 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and social judgment: The effects of typicality and group heterogeneity
    • Lambert, A. J., and Wyer, R. S., 1990. Stereotypes and social judgment: The effects of typicality and group heterogeneity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59: 676–91.
    • (1990) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 676-691
    • Lambert, A.J.1    Wyer, R.S.2
  • 57
    • 0009263246 scopus 로고
    • Ingroup preference and homogeneity among African American and Chinese American students
    • Lee, Y. T., 1993. Ingroup preference and homogeneity among African American and Chinese American students. The Journal of Social Psychology, 133: 225–35.
    • (1993) The Journal of Social Psychology , vol.133 , pp. 225-235
    • Lee, Y.T.1
  • 58
    • 84970096247 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of in-group and out-group perceptions of heterogeneity
    • Lee, Y. T., and Ottati, V., 1993. Determinants of in-group and out-group perceptions of heterogeneity. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 24: 298–318.
    • (1993) Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 298-318
    • Lee, Y.T.1    Ottati, V.2
  • 59
    • 0001594023 scopus 로고
    • The complexity–extremity effect and age-based stereotyping
    • Linville, P. W., 1982. The complexity–extremity effect and age-based stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42: 193–211.
    • (1982) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 193-211
    • Linville, P.W.1
  • 60
    • 21144476131 scopus 로고
    • Exemplar and abstraction models of perceived group variability and stereotypicality
    • Linville, P. W., and Fischer, G. W., 1993. Exemplar and abstraction models of perceived group variability and stereotypicality. Social Cognition, 11: 92–125.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 92-125
    • Linville, P.W.1    Fischer, G.W.2
  • 61
    • 0024713622 scopus 로고
    • Perceived distributions of the characteristics of in-group and out-group members: Empirical evidence and a computer simulation
    • Linville, P. W., Fischer, G. W., and Salovey, P., 1989. Perceived distributions of the characteristics of in-group and out-group members: Empirical evidence and a computer simulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57: 165–88.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 165-188
    • Linville, P.W.1    Fischer, G.W.2    Salovey, P.3
  • 63
    • 0002979873 scopus 로고
    • Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to ingroup–outgroup perception
    • Dovidio J.F., Gaertner S.L., (eds), San Diego: Academic Press, and,. Edited by
    • Linville, P. W., Salovey, P., and Fischer, G. W., 1986. “ Stereotyping and perceived distributions of social characteristics: An application to ingroup–outgroup perception ”. In Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism, Edited by: Dovidio, J. F., and Gaertner, S. L., 165–208. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (1986) Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism , pp. 165-208
    • Linville, P.W.1    Salovey, P.2    Fischer, G.W.3
  • 65
    • 21344443718 scopus 로고
    • They all look alike, but so do we… sometimes: Perceptions of in-group and out-group homogeneity as a function of sex and context
    • Lorenzi-Cioldi, F., 1993. They all look alike, but so do we… sometimes: Perceptions of in-group and out-group homogeneity as a function of sex and context. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32: 111–24.
    • (1993) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 111-124
    • Lorenzi-Cioldi, F.1
  • 66
    • 0001867467 scopus 로고
    • Levels of analysis and social identity
    • Abrams D., Hogg M.A., (eds), New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, and,. Edited by
    • Lorenzi-Cioldi, F., and Doise, W., 1990. “ Levels of analysis and social identity ”. In Social Identity Theory: Constructive and critical advances, Edited by: Abrams, D., and Hogg, M. A., 71–88. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1990) Social Identity Theory: Constructive and critical advances , pp. 71-88
    • Lorenzi-Cioldi, F.1    Doise, W.2
  • 68
    • 21144466732 scopus 로고
    • On-line and memory-based processes in group variability judgments
    • Mackie, D. M., Sherman, J. W., and Worth, L. T., 1993. On-line and memory-based processes in group variability judgments. Social Cognition, 11: 44–69.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 44-69
    • Mackie, D.M.1    Sherman, J.W.2    Worth, L.T.3
  • 69
    • 25444509465 scopus 로고
    • Differential recall of subcategory information about in-group and out-group members
    • Mackie, D. M., and Worth, L. T., 1989. Differential recall of subcategory information about in-group and out-group members. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15: 401–13.
    • (1989) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.15 , pp. 401-413
    • Mackie, D.M.1    Worth, L.T.2
  • 70
    • 85004822920 scopus 로고
    • Perceived social support for opinions: A test of the magnitude and diversity hypotheses
    • Manstead, A. S. R., 1982. Perceived social support for opinions: A test of the magnitude and diversity hypotheses. British Journal of Social Psychology, 21: 35–41.
    • (1982) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 35-41
    • Manstead, A.S.R.1
  • 71
    • 0002233005 scopus 로고
    • The black-sheep effect: Out-group homogeneity in social comparison settings
    • Abrams D., Hogg M.A., (eds), New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf,. Edited by
    • Marques, J. M., 1990. “ The black-sheep effect: Out-group homogeneity in social comparison settings ”. In Social Identity Theory: Constructive and critical advances, Edited by: Abrams, D., and Hogg, M. A., 131–51. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1990) Social Identity Theory: Constructive and critical advances , pp. 131-151
    • Marques, J.M.1
  • 72
    • 0040589261 scopus 로고
    • Antécédents cognitifs, normatifs et motivationnels des jugements groupaux: Propositions pour un modèle de l'effet brebis galeuses
    • Beauvois J.L., Joule R.V., Monteil J.M., (eds), Neuchǎtel: Delachaux et Niestlé,. Edited by
    • Marques, J. M., 1993. “ Antécédents cognitifs, normatifs et motivationnels des jugements groupaux: Propositions pour un modèle de l'effet brebis galeuses ”. In Perspectives Cognitives et Conduites Sociales, Edited by: Beauvois, J. L., Joule, R. V., and Monteil, J. M., Vol. 4, 37–62. Neuchǎtel: Delachaux et Niestlé.
    • (1993) Perspectives Cognitives et Conduites Sociales , vol.4 , pp. 37-62
    • Marques, J.M.1
  • 73
    • 84956420114 scopus 로고
    • The “black sheep effect”: Social categorization, rejection of ingroup deviates, and perception of group variability
    • Stroebe W., Hewstone M., (eds), Chichester: Wiley, and,. Edited by
    • Marques, J. M., and Paez, D., 1994. “ The “black sheep effect”: Social categorization, rejection of ingroup deviates, and perception of group variability ”. In European Review of Social Psychology, Edited by: Stroebe, W., and Hewstone, M., Vol. 5, 37–68. Chichester: Wiley.
    • (1994) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 37-68
    • Marques, J.M.1    Paez, D.2
  • 74
    • 84985854792 scopus 로고
    • Ingroup bias and the “black sheep” effect: Assessing the impact of social identification and perceived variability on group judgements
    • Marques, J. M., Robalo, E. M., and Rocha, S. A., 1992. Ingroup bias and the “black sheep” effect: Assessing the impact of social identification and perceived variability on group judgements. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22: 331–52.
    • (1992) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 331-352
    • Marques, J.M.1    Robalo, E.M.2    Rocha, S.A.3
  • 75
    • 84985757478 scopus 로고
    • The “black sheep effect”: Extremity of judgments towards ingroup members as a function of group identification
    • Marques, J. M., Yzerbyt, V. Y., and Leyens, J. P., 1988. The “black sheep effect”: Extremity of judgments towards ingroup members as a function of group identification. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18: 1–16.
    • (1988) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 1-16
    • Marques, J.M.1    Yzerbyt, V.Y.2    Leyens, J.P.3
  • 76
    • 84977290195 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of perceived consistency: The relationship between group entitativity and the meaningfulness of categories
    • McGarty, C., Haslam, S. A., Hutchinson, K. J., and Grace, D. M., 1995. Determinants of perceived consistency: The relationship between group entitativity and the meaningfulness of categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34: 237–56.
    • (1995) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 237-256
    • McGarty, C.1    Haslam, S.A.2    Hutchinson, K.J.3    Grace, D.M.4
  • 77
    • 0002117909 scopus 로고
    • Content and process in the experience of self
    • Berkowitz L., (ed), San Diego: Academic Press, and,. Edited by
    • McGuire, W. J., and McGuire, C. V., 1988. “ Content and process in the experience of self ”. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Edited by: Berkowitz, L., Vol. 21, 97–144. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (1988) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 97-144
    • McGuire, W.J.1    McGuire, C.V.2
  • 78
    • 0024570288 scopus 로고
    • Intergroup relations
    • Rosenzweig M.R., Porter L.W., (eds), Palo Alto: Annual Reviews, and,. Edited by
    • Messick, D. M., and Mackie, D. M., 1989. “ Intergroup relations ”. In Annual Review of Psychology, Edited by: Rosenzweig, M. R., and Porter, L. W., Vol. 40, 45–81. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews.
    • (1989) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 45-81
    • Messick, D.M.1    Mackie, D.M.2
  • 79
    • 33744788755 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive complexity as a function of the significance of the stimulus objects being judged
    • Miller, H., and Bieri, J., 1965. Cognitive complexity as a function of the significance of the stimulus objects being judged. Psychological Reports, 16: 1203–4.
    • (1965) Psychological Reports , vol.16 , pp. 1203-1204
    • Miller, H.1    Bieri, J.2
  • 80
    • 0002824399 scopus 로고
    • Categorization effects on ingroup and outgroup perception
    • Dovidio J.F., Gaertner S.L., (eds), San Diego: Academic Press, and,. Edited by
    • Miller, N., and Brewer, M. B., 1986. “ Categorization effects on ingroup and outgroup perception ”. In Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism, Edited by: Dovidio, J. F., and Gaertner, S. L., 209–30. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (1986) Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism , pp. 209-230
    • Miller, N.1    Brewer, M.B.2
  • 82
    • 1842457578 scopus 로고
    • Group composition, salience, and cognitive representations: The phenomenology of being in a group
    • Mullen, B., 1991. Group composition, salience, and cognitive representations: The phenomenology of being in a group. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27: 297–323.
    • (1991) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 297-323
    • Mullen, B.1
  • 83
    • 84985819518 scopus 로고
    • Ingroup bias as a function of salience, relevance, and status: An integration
    • Mullen, B., Brown, R., and Smith, C., 1992. Ingroup bias as a function of salience, relevance, and status: An integration. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22: 103–22.
    • (1992) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 103-122
    • Mullen, B.1    Brown, R.2    Smith, C.3
  • 84
    • 84949385880 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of ingroup and outgroup variability: A meta-analytic integration
    • Mullen, B., and Hu, L., 1989. Perceptions of ingroup and outgroup variability: A meta-analytic integration. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 10: 233–52.
    • (1989) Basic and Applied Social Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 233-252
    • Mullen, B.1    Hu, L.2
  • 85
    • 84965565064 scopus 로고
    • Cross-race facial recognition: Failure of the contact hypothesis
    • Ng, W. J., and Lindsay, R. C. L., 1994. Cross-race facial recognition: Failure of the contact hypothesis. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 25: 217–32.
    • (1994) Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 217-232
    • Ng, W.J.1    Lindsay, R.C.L.2
  • 86
    • 0011506513 scopus 로고
    • The use of statistical heuristics in everyday inductive reasoning
    • Nisbett, R. E., Krantz, D. H., Jepson, C., and Kunda, Z., 1983. The use of statistical heuristics in everyday inductive reasoning. Psychological Review, 90: 339–63.
    • (1983) Psychological Review , vol.90 , pp. 339-363
    • Nisbett, R.E.1    Krantz, D.H.2    Jepson, C.3    Kunda, Z.4
  • 88
    • 0022686961 scopus 로고
    • Attention, similarity, and the identification–categorization relationship
    • Nosofsky, R. M., 1986. Attention, similarity, and the identification–categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115: 39–57.
    • (1986) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.115 , pp. 39-57
    • Nosofsky, R.M.1
  • 89
    • 84937289617 scopus 로고
    • Becoming an in-group: Reexamining the impact of familiarity on perceptions of group homogeneity
    • Oakes, P. J., Haslam, S. A., Morrison, B., and Grace, D., 1995. Becoming an in-group: Reexamining the impact of familiarity on perceptions of group homogeneity. Social Psychology Quarterly, 58: 52–60.
    • (1995) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.58 , pp. 52-60
    • Oakes, P.J.1    Haslam, S.A.2    Morrison, B.3    Grace, D.4
  • 92
    • 11944265201 scopus 로고
    • Out-group homogeneity effects in natural and minimal groups
    • Ostrom, T. M., and Sedikides, C., 1992. Out-group homogeneity effects in natural and minimal groups. Psychological Bulletin, 112: 536–552.
    • (1992) Psychological Bulletin , vol.112 , pp. 536-552
    • Ostrom, T.M.1    Sedikides, C.2
  • 93
    • 0001409821 scopus 로고
    • Perception of variability in category development: Instance- versus abstraction-based stereotypes
    • Park, B., and Hastie, R., 1987. Perception of variability in category development: Instance- versus abstraction-based stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53: 621–35.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 621-635
    • Park, B.1    Hastie, R.2
  • 95
    • 78650878430 scopus 로고
    • Social categorization and the representation of variability information
    • Stroebe W., Hewstone M., (eds), Chichester: Wiley, and,. Edited by
    • Park, B., Judd, C. M., and Ryan, C. S., 1991. “ Social categorization and the representation of variability information ”. In European Review of Social Psychology, Edited by: Stroebe, W., and Hewstone, M., Vol. 2, 211–45. Chichester: Wiley.
    • (1991) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 211-245
    • Park, B.1    Judd, C.M.2    Ryan, C.S.3
  • 96
    • 34248438004 scopus 로고
    • Perception of out-group homogeneity and levels of social categorization: Memory for the subordinate attributes of in-group and out-group members
    • Park, B., and Rothbart, M., 1982. Perception of out-group homogeneity and levels of social categorization: Memory for the subordinate attributes of in-group and out-group members. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42: 1051–68.
    • (1982) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 1051-1068
    • Park, B.1    Rothbart, M.2
  • 97
    • 0026939008 scopus 로고
    • Role of meaningful subgroups in explaining differences in perceived variability for in-groups and out-groups
    • Park, B., Ryan, C. S., and Judd, C. M., 1992. Role of meaningful subgroups in explaining differences in perceived variability for in-groups and out-groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63: 553–67.
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.63 , pp. 553-567
    • Park, B.1    Ryan, C.S.2    Judd, C.M.3
  • 99
    • 0002771139 scopus 로고
    • On the perception of group's variability
    • Worchel S., Austin W.G., (eds), Chicago: Nelson-Hall,. Edited by
    • Quattrone, G. A., 1986. “ On the perception of group's variability ”. In Psychology of Intergroup Relations, Edited by: Worchel, S., and Austin, W. G., 25–48. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
    • (1986) Psychology of Intergroup Relations , pp. 25-48
    • Quattrone, G.A.1
  • 100
    • 58149411009 scopus 로고
    • The perception of variability within in-groups and out-groups: Implications for the law of small numbers
    • Quattrone, G. A., and Jones, E. E., 1980. The perception of variability within in-groups and out-groups: Implications for the law of small numbers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38: 141–52.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 141-152
    • Quattrone, G.A.1    Jones, E.E.2
  • 101
    • 85051134438 scopus 로고
    • Soziale Kategorisierung und Gedächtnisspeicherung von individuellen Attributen
    • Rehm, J., Lilli, W., and Strack, F., 1988. Soziale Kategorisierung und Gedächtnisspeicherung von individuellen Attributen. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie, 19: 202–5.
    • (1988) Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie , vol.19 , pp. 202-205
    • Rehm, J.1    Lilli, W.2    Strack, F.3
  • 104
    • 12044251983 scopus 로고
    • Social cognition
    • Rosenzweig M.R., Porter L.W., (eds), Palo Alto: Annual Reviews,. Edited by
    • Schneider, D. J., 1991. “ Social cognition ”. In Annual Review of Psychology, Edited by: Rosenzweig, M. R., and Porter, L. W., Vol. 42, 527–61. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews.
    • (1991) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 527-561
    • Schneider, D.J.1
  • 105
    • 21144484710 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of group variability: Moving from an uncertain crawl to a purposeful stride
    • Sedikides, C., and Ostrom, T. M., 1993. Perceptions of group variability: Moving from an uncertain crawl to a purposeful stride. Social Cognition, 11: 165–74.
    • (1993) Social Cognition , vol.11 , pp. 165-174
    • Sedikides, C.1    Ostrom, T.M.2
  • 106
    • 0024489046 scopus 로고
    • Social cognition
    • Rosenzweig M.R., Porter L.W., (eds), Palo Alto: Annual Reviews, and,. Edited by
    • Sherman, S. J., Judd, C. M., and Park, B., 1989. “ Social cognition ”. In Annual Review of Psychology, Edited by: Rosenzweig, M. R., and Porter, L. W., Vol. 40, 281–326. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews.
    • (1989) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 281-326
    • Sherman, S.J.1    Judd, C.M.2    Park, B.3
  • 107
    • 0002050171 scopus 로고
    • Über sociale Differenzierung: Sociologische und psychologische Untersuchungen
    • Simmel G., (ed), Frankfurt: Suhrkamp,. Edited by
    • Simmel, G., 1890/1989. “ Über sociale Differenzierung: Sociologische und psychologische Untersuchungen ”. In Gesamtausgabe, Edited by: Simmel, G., Vol. 2, 109–295. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.
    • (1890) Gesamtausgabe , vol.2 , pp. 109-295
    • Simmel, G.1
  • 108
    • 84963189756 scopus 로고
    • Soziale Kategorisierung und differentielle Wahrnehmung von Ingroup- und Outgroup-Homogenität
    • Simon, B., 1990. Soziale Kategorisierung und differentielle Wahrnehmung von Ingroup- und Outgroup-Homogenität. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie, 21: 298–313.
    • (1990) Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie , vol.21 , pp. 298-313
    • Simon, B.1
  • 109
    • 84985759072 scopus 로고
    • Intragroup differentiation in terms of ingroup and outgroup attributes
    • Simon, B., 1992a. Intragroup differentiation in terms of ingroup and outgroup attributes. European Journal of Social Psychology, 22: 407–13.
    • (1992) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 407-413
    • Simon, B.1
  • 110
    • 84963189050 scopus 로고
    • The perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity: Reintroducing the intergroup context
    • Stroebe W., Hewstone M., (eds), Chichester: Wiley,. Edited by
    • Simon, B., 1992b. “ The perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity: Reintroducing the intergroup context ”. In European Review of Social Psychology, Edited by: Stroebe, W., and Hewstone, M., Vol. 3, 1–30. Chichester: Wiley.
    • (1992) European Review of Social Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 1-30
    • Simon, B.1
  • 111
    • 84985759028 scopus 로고
    • On the asymmetry in the cognitive construal of ingroup and outgroup: A model of egocentric social categorization
    • Simon, B., 1993. On the asymmetry in the cognitive construal of ingroup and outgroup: A model of egocentric social categorization. European Journal of Social Psychology, 23: 131–47.
    • (1993) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 131-147
    • Simon, B.1
  • 112
    • 84984424196 scopus 로고
    • The perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity: On the confounding of group size, level of abstractness and frame of reference. A reply to Bartsch and Judd
    • Simon, B., 1995. The perception of ingroup and outgroup homogeneity: On the confounding of group size, level of abstractness and frame of reference. A reply to Bartsch and Judd. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25: 463–8.
    • (1995) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 463-468
    • Simon, B.1
  • 113
    • 0001391471 scopus 로고
    • Perceived intragroup homogeneity in minority–majority contexts
    • Simon, B., and Brown, R., 1987. Perceived intragroup homogeneity in minority–majority contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53: 703–11.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 703-711
    • Simon, B.1    Brown, R.2
  • 114
    • 84928837005 scopus 로고
    • Stereotyping and self-stereotyping in a natural intergroup context: The case of heterosexual and homosexual men
    • Simon, B., Glässner-Bayerl, B., and Stratenwerth, I., 1991. Stereotyping and self-stereotyping in a natural intergroup context: The case of heterosexual and homosexual men. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54: 252–66.
    • (1991) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.54 , pp. 252-266
    • Simon, B.1    Glässner-Bayerl, B.2    Stratenwerth, I.3
  • 115
    • 0028412362 scopus 로고
    • Self-stereotyping and social context: The effects of relative in-group size and in-group status
    • Simon, B., and Hamilton, D. L., 1994. Self-stereotyping and social context: The effects of relative in-group size and in-group status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66: 699–711.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 699-711
    • Simon, B.1    Hamilton, D.L.2
  • 116
    • 84984516584 scopus 로고
    • On being more than just a part of the whole: Regional identity and social distinctiveness
    • Simon, B., Kulla, C., and Zobel, M., 1995. On being more than just a part of the whole: Regional identity and social distinctiveness. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25: 325–40.
    • (1995) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 325-340
    • Simon, B.1    Kulla, C.2    Zobel, M.3
  • 118
    • 84985790452 scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of relative group size and group homogeneity: We are the majority and they are all the same
    • Simon, B., and Mummendey, A., 1990. Perceptions of relative group size and group homogeneity: We are the majority and they are all the same. European Journal of Social Psychology, 20: 351–6.
    • (1990) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 351-356
    • Simon, B.1    Mummendey, A.2
  • 119
    • 84985788266 scopus 로고
    • Social identity and perceived group homogeneity: Evidence for the ingroup homogeneity effect
    • Simon, B., and Pettigrew, T. F., 1990. Social identity and perceived group homogeneity: Evidence for the ingroup homogeneity effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 20: 269–86.
    • (1990) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 269-286
    • Simon, B.1    Pettigrew, T.F.2
  • 121
    • 0000161536 scopus 로고
    • Exemplar and prototype use in social categorization
    • Smith, E. R., and Zarate, M. A., 1990. Exemplar and prototype use in social categorization. Social Cognition, 8: 243–62.
    • (1990) Social Cognition , vol.8 , pp. 243-262
    • Smith, E.R.1    Zarate, M.A.2
  • 123
    • 84925905479 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive differentiation in intergroup perception
    • Stephan, W. G., 1977. Cognitive differentiation in intergroup perception. Sociometry, 40: 50–8.
    • (1977) Sociometry , vol.40 , pp. 50-58
    • Stephan, W.G.1
  • 124
    • 0002562818 scopus 로고
    • The contact hypothesis in intergroup relations
    • Hendrick C., (ed), Newbury Park: Sage Publications,. Edited by
    • Stephan, W. G., 1987. “ The contact hypothesis in intergroup relations ”. In Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, Edited by: Hendrick, C., 13–40. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
    • (1987) Group Processes and Intergroup Relations , pp. 13-40
    • Stephan, W.G.1
  • 125
    • 0002308213 scopus 로고
    • Stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination: Changing conceptions in theory and research
    • Bar-Tal D., Graumann C.F., Kruglanski A.W., Stroebe W., (eds), New York: Springer-Verlag, and,. Edited by
    • Stroebe, W., and Insko, C. A., 1989. “ Stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination: Changing conceptions in theory and research ”. In Stereotyping and Prejudice: Changing conceptions, Edited by: Bar-Tal, D., Graumann, C. F., Kruglanski, A. W., and Stroebe, W., 3–34. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1989) Stereotyping and Prejudice: Changing conceptions , pp. 3-34
    • Stroebe, W.1    Insko, C.A.2
  • 126
    • 21144483093 scopus 로고
    • The impact of induced affect on the perception of variability in social groups
    • Stroessner, S. J., and Mackie, D. M., 1992. The impact of induced affect on the perception of variability in social groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18: 546–54.
    • (1992) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.18 , pp. 546-554
    • Stroessner, S.J.1    Mackie, D.M.2
  • 127
    • 0001834643 scopus 로고
    • Affect and perceived group variability: Implications for stereotyping and prejudice
    • Mackie D.M., Hamilton D.L., (eds), San Diego: Academic Press, and,. Edited by
    • Stroessner, S. J., and Mackie, D. M., 1993. “ Affect and perceived group variability: Implications for stereotyping and prejudice ”. In Affect, Cognition and Stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception, Edited by: Mackie, D. M., and Hamilton, D. L., 63–86. San Diego: Academic Press.
    • (1993) Affect, Cognition and Stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception , pp. 63-86
    • Stroessner, S.J.1    Mackie, D.M.2
  • 128
    • 70449241104 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative judgement in social perception
    • Tajfel, H., 1959. Quantitative judgement in social perception. British Journal of Psychology, 50: 16–29.
    • (1959) British Journal of Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 16-29
    • Tajfel, H.1
  • 129
    • 0000640948 scopus 로고
    • La catégorisation sociale
    • Moscovici S., (ed), Paris: Larousse,. Edited by
    • Tajfel, H., 1972. “ La catégorisation sociale ”. In Introduction à la Psychologie Sociale, Edited by: Moscovici, S., Vol. 1, 272–302. Paris: Larousse.
    • (1972) Introduction à la Psychologie Sociale , vol.1 , pp. 272-302
    • Tajfel, H.1
  • 131
    • 0001868677 scopus 로고
    • The social identity theory of intergroup behavior
    • Worchel S., Austin W.G., (eds), Chicago: Nelson-Hall, and,. Edited by
    • Tajfel, H., and Turner, J. C., 1986. “ The social identity theory of intergroup behavior ”. In Psychology of Intergroup Relations, Edited by: Worchel, S., and Austin, W. G., 7–24. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
    • (1986) Psychology of Intergroup Relations , pp. 7-24
    • Tajfel, H.1    Turner, J.C.2
  • 132
    • 0002122543 scopus 로고
    • A categorization approach to stereotyping
    • Hamilton D.L., (ed), Hillsdale: Erlbaum,. Edited by
    • Taylor, S. E., 1981. “ A categorization approach to stereotyping ”. In Cognitive Processes in Stereotyping and Intergroup Behavior, Edited by: Hamilton, D. L., 83–114. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
    • (1981) Cognitive Processes in Stereotyping and Intergroup Behavior , pp. 83-114
    • Taylor, S.E.1
  • 134
    • 0002964963 scopus 로고
    • Cross-cultural studies of individualism and collectivism
    • Berman J., (ed), Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press,. Edited by
    • Triandis, H. C., 1990. “ Cross-cultural studies of individualism and collectivism ”. In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Edited by: Berman, J., 41–133. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
    • (1990) Nebraska Symposium on Motivation , pp. 41-133
    • Triandis, H.C.1
  • 136
    • 0002668568 scopus 로고
    • Social categorization and the self-concept: A social cognitive theory of group behaviour
    • Lawler E.J., (ed), Greenwich: JAI Press,. Edited by
    • Turner, J. C., 1985. “ Social categorization and the self-concept: A social cognitive theory of group behaviour ”. In Advances in Group Processes: Theory and research, Edited by: Lawler, E. J., Vol. 2, 77–122. Greenwich: JAI Press.
    • (1985) Advances in Group Processes: Theory and research , vol.2 , pp. 77-122
    • Turner, J.C.1
  • 138
    • 58149411184 scopus 로고
    • Features of similarity
    • Tversky, A., 1977. Features of similarity. Psychological Review, 84: 327–52.
    • (1977) Psychological Review , vol.84 , pp. 327-352
    • Tversky, A.1
  • 139
    • 84963178846 scopus 로고
    • The impact of in-group and out-group homogeneity/heterogeneity upon intergroup relations
    • Vanbeselaere, N., 1991. The impact of in-group and out-group homogeneity/heterogeneity upon intergroup relations. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 12: 291–301.
    • (1991) Basic and Applied Social Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 291-301
    • Vanbeselaere, N.1
  • 140
    • 85047681616 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of intergroup discrimination through individuation of the out-group
    • Wilder, D. A., 1978. Reduction of intergroup discrimination through individuation of the out-group. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36: 1361–74.
    • (1978) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 1361-1374
    • Wilder, D.A.1
  • 141
    • 0003075253 scopus 로고
    • Perceiving persons as a group: Categorization and intergroup relations
    • Hamilton D.L., (ed), Hillsdale: Erlbaum,. Edited by
    • Wilder, D. A., 1981. “ Perceiving persons as a group: Categorization and intergroup relations ”. In Cognitive Processes in Stereotyping and Intergroup Behavior, Edited by: Hamilton, D. L., 213–57. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
    • (1981) Cognitive Processes in Stereotyping and Intergroup Behavior , pp. 213-257
    • Wilder, D.A.1
  • 142
    • 85004907697 scopus 로고
    • Predictions of belief homogeneity and similarity following social categorization
    • Wilder, D. A., 1984. Predictions of belief homogeneity and similarity following social categorization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 23: 323–33.
    • (1984) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 323-333
    • Wilder, D.A.1
  • 143
    • 77957068959 scopus 로고
    • Social categorization: Implications for creation and reduction of intergroup bias
    • Berkowitz L., (ed), Orlando: Academic Press,. Edited by
    • Wilder, D. A., 1986. “ Social categorization: Implications for creation and reduction of intergroup bias ”. In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Edited by: Berkowitz, L., Vol. 19, 291–355. Orlando: Academic Press.
    • (1986) Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 291-355
    • Wilder, D.A.1
  • 144
    • 0017964068 scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of social interaction through dein-dividuation of the target
    • Worchel, S., and Andreoli, V., 1978. Facilitation of social interaction through dein-dividuation of the target. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36: 549–56.
    • (1978) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 549-556
    • Worchel, S.1    Andreoli, V.2
  • 145
    • 0001138153 scopus 로고
    • A developmental approach to group dynamics: A model and illustrative research
    • Worchel S., Wood W., Simpson J.A., (eds), Newbury Park: Sage Publications, and,. Edited by
    • Worchel, S., Coutant-Sassic, D., and Grossman, M., 1992. “ A developmental approach to group dynamics: A model and illustrative research ”. In Group Process and Productivity, Edited by: Worchel, S., Wood, W., and Simpson, J. A., 181–202. Newbury Park: Sage Publications.
    • (1992) Group Process and Productivity , pp. 181-202
    • Worchel, S.1    Coutant-Sassic, D.2    Grossman, M.3
  • 146
    • 0000848437 scopus 로고
    • Individuation and socialization
    • Ziller, R. C., 1964. Individuation and socialization. Human Relations, 17: 341–60.
    • (1964) Human Relations , vol.17 , pp. 341-360
    • Ziller, R.C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.