Control of gene expression in Trypanosomatidae

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

Volumn 31, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 1503-1516

  Teixeira, S M R ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MINAS GERAIS   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Antigenic variation; Gene expression; Leishmania; RNA; Trypanosoma; VSG

Indexed keywords

TRYPANOSOMA; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI; TRYPANOSOMATIDAE;

VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN;

ANIMAL; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; FLAGELLATE; GENE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; GENETICS; IMMUNOLOGY; LEISHMANIA; REVIEW; SARCOMASTIGOPHORA INFECTION; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI;

ANIMALS; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENES, PROTOZOAN; LEISHMANIA; MASTIGOPHORA INFECTIONS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI BRUCEI; TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI; TRYPANOSOMATINA; VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEINS, TRYPANOSOMA;

EID: 0032241872     PISSN: 0100879X     EISSN: 1414431X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0100-879X1998001200001     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Fernandas AP, Nelson K & Beverley SM (1993). Evolution of nuclear ribosomal RNAs in kinetoplastid protozoa: perspectives on the age and origins of parasitism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. 90: 11608-11612.
2. Donelson JE & Zeng W (1990), A comparison of trans-RNA splicing in trypanosomes and nematodes. Parasitology Today, 6: 327-334.
3. Lee MGS & Van der Ploeg LHT (1997). Transcription of protein-coding genes in trypanosomes by RNA polymerase I. Annual Review of Microbiology, 51: 463-489.
4. LeBowitz JH, Smith HQ, Rusche L & Beverley SM (1993). Coupling of poly(A) site selection and trans-splicing in Leishmania. Genes and Development, 7: 996-1007.
5. Matthews KR, Tschudi C & Ullu E (1994). A common pyrimidine-rich motif governs trans-splicing and polyadenylation of tubulin polycistronic pre-mRNA in trypanosomes. Genes and Development, 8: 491-501.
6. Schurch N, Hehl A, Vassella E, Braun R & Roditi I (1994). Accurate polyadenylation of procyclin mRNAs in Trypanosoma brocei is determined by pyrimidine-rich elements in the intergenic regions. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 14: 3668-3675
7. Huang J & Van der Ploeg LHT (1991). Maturation of polycistronic pre-mRNA in Trypanosoma brucei: analysis of transsplicing and poly(A) addition at nascent RNA transcripts from the hsp70 locus. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 11: 3180-3190.
8. Huang J & Van der Ploeg LHT (1991). Requirement of a polypyrimidine tract for trans-splicing in trypanosomes: discriminating the PARP promoter from immediately adjacent 3′ splice acceptor site. EMBO Journal, 10: 3877-3885.
9. Laban A & Wirth D (1989). Transfection of Leishmania enriettii and expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 86: 9119-9123.
10. Kelly JM (1997). Genetic transformation of parasitic protozoa. Advances in Parasitology, 39: 227-270.
11. Ross R & Thomson O (1910). A case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods. Regular periodic increase in the parasites disclosed Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 82: 411-415.
12. Cross GAM (1975). Identification, purification and properties of clone-specific glycoprotein antigens constituting the surface coat of Trypanosoma brucei. Parasitology, 71: 393-417.
13. Bridgen PJ, Cross GAM & Bridgen J (1976). N-terminal amino acid sequences of variant-specific antigens from Trypanosoma brucei. Nature, 263: 613-614.
14. Cross GAM (1996). Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: secrets surface slowly. BioEssays, 18: 283-291.
15. Borst P, Rudenko G, Taylor MC, Blundell PA, Van Leeuwen F, Bitter W, Cross M & McCulloch R (1996). Antigenic variation in trypanosomes. Archives of Medical Research, 27: 379-388.
16. Williams RO, Young JR & Majiva PAO (1979). Genomic rearrangements correlated with antigenic variation in Trypanosoma brucei. Nature, 282: 847-849.
17. Van Leeuwen F, Taylor MC, Mondragon A, Moreau H, Gibson W, Kieft R & Borst P (1998). Beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil is a conserved DNA modification in kinetoplastid protozoans and is abundant in their telomeres. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 95: 2366-2371.
18. Cully DF, Ip HS & Cross GAM (1985). Coordinate transcription of variant surface glycoprotein genes and an expression site associated gene family in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell, 42: 173-182.
19. Gibbs CP & Cross GAM (1988). Cloning and transcription analysis of a variant surface glycoprotein gene expression site in Trypanosoma brucei. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 28: 197-206.
20. Kooter JM, Van der Speck HJ, Wagter R, Oliveira CE, Van der Hoeven F, Johnson PJ & Borst P (1987). The anatomy and transcription of a telomeric expression site for variant-specific surface antigens in Trypanosoma brucei. Cel, 51: 261-272.
21. Salmon D, Geuskens M. Hanocq F, Hanocq-Quertier J, Nolan D. Ruben L & Pays E (1994) A novel heterodimeric transferrin receptor encoded by a pair of VSG expression site-associated genes in T. brucei Cell, 78: 75-86.
22. Rudenko G, Cross M & Borst P (1998). Changing the end: antigenic variation orchestrated at the telomeres of African trypanosomes. Trends in Microbiology, 6: 113-116
23. Johnson PJ, Kooter JM & Borst P (1987). Inactivation of transcription by UV irradiation of T. brucei provides evidence for a multicistronic transcription unit including a VSG gene. Cell, 51: 273-281.
24. Alarcon CM, Son HJ, Hall T & Doneson JE (1994). A monocistronic transcript for a trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 14: 5579-5591.
25. Rudenko G, Bundell PA, Dirks-Mulder A, Kieft R & Borst P (1995). A ribosomal DNA promoter replacing the promoter of a telomeric VSG gene expression site can be efficiently switched on and off in T. brucei. Cell. 83: 547-553.
26. Horn D & Cross GAM (1995). A developmentally regulated position effect at a telomeric locus in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell, 83: 555-561.
27. Graham SV (1995). Mechanisms of stageregulated gene expression in kinetoplastida. Parasitology Today, 11 217-223.
28. Vanhamme L & Pays E (1995). Control of gene expression in trypanosomes. Microbiological Reviews, 59: 223-240.
29. Pays E, Coquelet H, Tebabi P, Pays A, Jefferies D, Stenert M, Koening E, Williams RO & Roditi I (1990). Trypanosoma brucei: constitutive activity of the VSG and procyclin gene promoters. EMBO Journal. 9: 3145-3151.
30. Jefferies D, Tebabi P & Pays E (1991). Transient activity assays of the Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoprotein gene promoter: control of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 11: 338-343.
31. Roditi I (1996). The VSG-procyclin switcn. Parasitology Today, 12: 47-49.
32. Rudenko G, Le Blancq S, Smitn J, GwoShu-Lee M. Rattray A & Van der Ploeg LHT (1990). Procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP) genes located in an unusually small α-amanitin-resistant transcription unit: PARP promoter activity assayed by transient DNA transfection of Trypanosoma brucei. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 10: 3492-3504.
33. Roditi I, Schurch N, Furger A & Ruep S (1996). Trust is good, control is better: the philosopny behind the regulation of gene expression by trypanosomes. Memories do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 91 (Suppl): 50-51.
34. Furger A, Schurch N, Kurath U & Rodti I (1997). Elements ir the 3′ untranslated region of procyclin mRNA regulate expression in insect form of Trypanosoma brucei by modulating RNA stability and translation. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 17: 4372-4380.
35. Hehl A, Vassella E, Braun R & Roditi I (1994). A conserved stem-loop structure in the 3′ untranslated region of procyclin mRNAs regulates expression in Trypanosoma brucei. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 91: 370-374.
36. Coulson RMR, Connor V, Chen JC & Ajioka J (1996). Differential expression of Leishmania major ß-tubulin genes during tne acquisition of promastigote infectivity. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 82: 227-236.
37. Ramamoorthy R, Swihart K, McCoy JJ, Wilson ME & Donelson JE (1995). Intergenic regions between tandem gp63 genes influence the differential expression of gp63 RNAs in Leishmania chagasi, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270: 12133-12139.
38. Charest H, Zhang W & Matlashewski G (1996). The developmental expression of Leishmania donovani A2 amastigote-specific genes is post-transcriptionally mediated and involves elements located in the 3′ UTR region. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271: 17081-17090.
39. Argaman M, Aly R & Shapira M (1994). Expression of heat shock protein 83 in Leishmania is regulated post-transcriptionally. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 64: 95-110.
40. Curotto de Lafaille MA, Laban A & Wirth D (1992). Gene expression in Leishmania: analysis of essential 5′ DNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 89: 2703-2707.
41. Lu H & Buck GA (1991). Expression of exogenous gene in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 44: 109-114.
42. Kelly JM, Ward HM, Miles MA & Kendall G (1992). A shuttle vector which facilitates the expression of transfected genes in Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani. Nucleic Acids Research, 20: 3963-3969.
43. Teixeira SMR, Kirchho'f LV & Donelson JE (1995). Post-transcriptional elements regulating expression of mRNAs from the amastin/tuzin gene cluster of Trypanosoma cruzi. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270: 22586-22594.
44. Dietrich P, Soares MB, Affonso MHT & Floeter-Winter L (1993). The Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal RNA-encoding genes: analysis of promoter and upstream intergenic spacer sequences. Gene, 125: 103-107.
45. Tyler-Cross RE, Short SL, Floeter-Winter L & Buck GA (1995). Transient expression mediated by the Trypanosoma cruzi rRNA promoter. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 72: 23-31.
46. Martinez-Calvillo S, Lopez I & Herearoez R (1997). pRIBOTEX expression vector a pTEX derivative for a rapio selection of Trypanosoma cruzi transfectants Gene, 199. 71-76.
47. Nunes LC, Carvalho MRC, Shakanan AM & Buck GA (1997). The transcription promoter of the spliced ieader gore from Trypanosoma cruzi, Gene, 188: 157-168.
48. Souto RP, Fernandes O, Macepao AM, Campbel DA & Zinga'es B (1996). DNA markers define two major phyicgenetic lineages of Trypanosoma cruzi Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 83: 141-152.
49. Nunes LC, Caivaino MRC & Bock GA (1997). Trypanosoma cruzi strains partition into two groups basea on the structure and function of the splicea eade' RNA and rRNA gene promoters. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 86: 21-224.
50. La Flamme AC, Buckner FS, Swinde J, Ajioka J & Van Voorhis WC (1995) Expression of mammal an cytokines by Trypanosoma cruzi indicates uniqui signal sequence requirements and processing Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 75 25-31.
51. Garg N, Tar'eton RL & Mensa-Wlmot K (1997). P'oteirs with GPI signal sequences have divergent fates during a GPI deficiency. GPIs are essential for nuclear division in Trypanosoma cruzi. Journal of Biological Cnemistry, 272: 12482-12491.
52. Tibbetts RS, Klein KG & Engman DM (1995). A rapid method for protein localization in trypanosomes Experimental Parasitology, 80: 572-574.
53. Tomas AM, Miles MA & Kolly JM (1997). Overexpression of cruzipain. the major cysteine proteinase of Trypanosoma cruzi, is associated with enhancec metacyclogenesis. European Journal of Biochemistry, 244: 596-603.
54. Hanharan S, Ajioka J & Swindie J (1993). Stable transformation of Trypanosoma cruzi: inactivation of the PUB 12.5 poya biquitin gene by targeted gene asraption Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology. 57: 15-30.
55. Otsu K, Donelson JE & Kpcnnoff LV (1993). Interruption of a Trypanosoma cruzi gene encoding a protein containing 14-amino acid repeats by targeted insertion of the neomycin phosphotransferase gene. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 57: 317-330.
56. Cooper R, de Jesus AR & Cross GAM (1993). Deletion of an immunodominant Trypanosoma cruzi surface glycoprotein oisrupts flagellum-cell adhesion. Journal of Cell Biology, 122: 149-156.
57. Teixeira SMR, Russell D, Kirchhoff LV & Donelson JE (1994) A differentially expressed gene family encoding "amastin", a surface protein of Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269: 20509-20516.
58. Urményi T, de Castro FT, Carvalho JF, de Souza W & Rondinelli E (1992) Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of tubulin gene expression in Trypanosoma cruzi. DNA and Cell Biology, 11: 101-109.
59. Teixeira SMR, Coughlin BC, Kirchhoff LV & Donelson JE (1996). 5 and 3′ regulatory RNA sequences in the developmentally regulated amastin/tuzin gene cluster of Trypanosoma cruzi. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 91 (Suppl): 49.
60. Nozaki T & Cross GAM (1995). Effects of 3′ untranslated and intergenic regions on gene expression in Trypanosoma cruzi. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 75: 55-67.