Epizootic hemorrhagic disease: Analysis of tissues by amplification and in situ hybridization reveals widespread orbivirus infection at low copy numbers

Journal of Virology

Volumn 72, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 3863-3871

  Brodie, Scott J ^a,b   Bardsley, Katherine D ^a   Diem, Kurt ^b   Mecham, James O ^a   Norelius, Scott E ^c   Wilson, William C ^a  

^a USDA ARS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c WYOMING GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLEEDING DISORDER; CATTLE DISEASE; EPIDEMIC; HEMORRHAGIC FEVER; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; NONHUMAN; ORBIVIRUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; UNITED STATES; VIRUS CHARACTERIZATION; VIRUS VIRULENCE;

EID: 0031977439     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.5.3863-3871.1998     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Aradaib, I. E., J. W. McBride, W. C. Wilson, and B. I. Osburn. 1995. Development of polymerase chain reaction for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1. Arch. Virol. 140:2273-2281.
2. Aradaib, I. E., W. C. Wilson, I. W. Cheney, J. E. Pearson, and B. I. Osburn. 1995. Application of PCR for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 7:388-392.
3. Bagasara, O., and R. J. Pomerantz. 1994. In situ polymerase chain reaction and HIV-1. Clin. Lab. Med. 14:351-365.
4. Barratt-Boyes, S. M., and N. J. MacLachlan. 1994. Dynamics of viral spread in bluetongue virus infected calves. Vet. Microbiol. 40:361-371.
5. Brewer, A. W., and N. J. MacLachlan. 1994. The pathogenesis of bluetongue virus infection of bovine blood cells in vitro: ultrastructural characterization. Arch. Virol. 136:287-298.
6. Brodie, S. J., K. A. Marcom, L. D. Pearson, B. C. Anderson, A. de la Concha-Bermejillo, J. A. Ellis, and J. C. DeMartini. 1992. The effects of virus load in the pathogenesis of lentivirus-induced lymphoid interstitial pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. 166:531-541.
7. Brodie, S. J., L. D. Pearson, G. D. Snowder, and J. C. DeMartini. 1993. Host-virus interaction as defined by amplification of viral DNA and serology in lentivirus infected sheep. Arch. Virol. 130:413-428.
8. Brodie, S. J., V. G. Sasseville, K. A. Reimann, M. A. Simon, P. K. Seghal, and D. J. Ringler. 1994. Macrophage function in simian AIDS: killing defects in vivo are independent of macrophage infection, associated with alterations in Th phenotype, and reversible with IFN-γ. J. Immunol. 153:5790-5801.
9. Brodie, S. J., L. D. Pearson, M. C. Zink, H. M. Bickle, B. C. Anderson, K. A. Marcom, and J. C. DeMartini. 1995. Ovine lentivirus expression and disease: virus replication, but not entry, is restricted to macrophages of specific tissues. Am. J. Pathol. 146:1-13.
10. Brodie, S. J., H. M. Bickle, and J. C. DeMartini. 1995. Ovine lentivirus-associated subclinical encephalomyelitis: virological markers in cerebrospinal fluid are predictive of central nervous system disease. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 77:14-18.
11. Brown, C. C., R. F. Meyer, and M. J. Grubman. 1993. Use of a DIG-labeled RNA probe to detect all 24 serotypes of bluetongue virus in cell culture. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 5:159-162.
12. Calisher, C. H. 1994. Medically important arboviruses of the United States and Canada. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7:89-116.
13. Cheney, I. W., M. D. Larson, J. O. Mecham, and W. C. Wilson. 1995. Geographical genetic variation in the gene encoding VP3 from the Alberta isolate of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. Virus Res. 36:279-286.
14. Cheney, I. W., M. Yamakawa, P. Roy, J. O. Mecham, and W. C. Wilson. 1996. Molecular characterization of the segment 2 gene of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2: gene sequence and genetic diversity. Virology 224: 555-560.
15. Cottler-Fox, M., and C. H. Fox. 1991. Examining cells for infectious agents: a novel approach. J. Infect. Dis. 161:1239-1240.
16. Dangler, C. A., A. de la Concha-Bermejillo, J. L. Stott, and B. I. Osburn. 1990. Limitations of in situ hybridization for the detection of bluetongue virus in blood mononuclear cells. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 2:303-307.
17. de la Concha-Bermejillo, A., C. E. Schore, C. A. Dangler, C. C. de Mattos, C. A. de Mattos, and B. I. Osburn. 1992. Comparison of slot blot nucleic acid hybridization, immunofluorescence, and virus isolation techniques to detect bluetongue virus in blood mononuclear cells from cattle with experimentally induced infection. Am. J. Vet. Res. 53:2245-2250.
18. de la Concha-Bermejillo, A., S. J. Brodie, S. Magnus-Corral, R. A. Bowen, and J. C. DeMartini. 1995. Pathologic and serologic responses of isogeneic twin lambs to phenotypically distinct lentiviruses. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 8:116-123.
19. Domingo, E., E. Martinez-Salas, F. Sobrino, J. C. de la Torre, A. Portela, J. Ortin, C. Lopez-Galindez, P. Perez-Brena, N. Villaneuva, R. Najera, S. VandePol, D. Steinhauer, N. DePolo, and J. Holland. 1985. The quasispecies (extremely heterologous) nature of viral RNA genome populations: biological relevance - a review. Gene 40:1-8.
20. Ellis, J. A., M. L. Coen, N. J. MacLachlan, W. C. Wilson, E. S. Williams, and A. J. Leadke. 1993. Prevalence of bluetongue virus expression in leukocytes from experimentally infected ruminants. Am. J. Vet. Res. 54:1452-1456.
21. Embretson, J., M. Zupancic, J. Beneke, M. Till, S. Wolinsky, J. L. Ribas, A. Burke, and A. T. Haase. 1993. Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus-infected tissues by amplification and in situ hybridization reveals latent and permissive infections at single-cell resolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:357-361.
22. Grubman, M. J., and S. Samal. 1989. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the nonstructural protein, NS1, of the U.S. bluetongue virus serotype 17. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:10498.
23. Haase, A. T., E. F. Retzel, and K. A. Staskus. 1990. Amplification and detection of lentiviral DNA inside cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:4971-4975.
24. Hoff, G. L., and D. O. Trainer. 1981. Hemorrhagic diseases of wild ruminants, p. 45-53. In J. W. Davis, L. H. Karstad, and D. O. Trainer (ed.), Infectious diseases of wild mammals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.
25. Holland, J. J., K. Spindler, F. Horodyski, E. Grabau, S. Nichol, and S. VandePol. 1982. Rapid evolution of RNA genomes. Science 215:1577-1585.
26. Huismans, H., and D. W. Verwoerd. 1973. Control of transcription during the expression of the bluetongue virus genome. Virology 52:81-88.
27. Huismans, H., and H. J. Els. 1979. Characterization of the tubules associated with the replication of three different orbiviuses. Virology 92:397-406.
28. Jensen, M. J., and W. C. Wilson. 1995. A model for the membrane topology of the NS3 protein as predicted from the sequence of segment 10 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1. Arch. Virol. 140:799-805.
29. Kessler, S. W. 1975. Rapid isolation of antigens from cells with a staphylococcal protein A-antibody adsorbent: parameters of the interaction of antibody-antigen complexes with protein A. J. Immunol. 115:1617-1621.
30. Komminoth, P., A. A. Long, R. Ray, and H. J. Wolfe. 1992. In situ polymerase chain reaction detection of viral DNA, single copy genes, and gene rearrangements in cell suspensions and cytospins. Diagn. Mol. Pathol. 1:85-97.
31. Laegreid, W. W., T. G. Burrage, M. Stone-Marschat, and A. Skowronek. 1992. Electron microscopic evidence for endothelial infection by African horsesickness virus. Vet. Pathol. 29:554-556.
32. MacLachlan, N. J., R. A. Nunamaker, J. B. Katz, M. M. Sawyer, G. Y. Akita, B. I. Osburn, and W. J. Tabachnick. 1994. Detection of bluetongue virus in the blood of inoculated calves: comparison of virus isolation, PCR assay, and in vitro feeding of Culicoides variipennis. Arch. Virol. 136:1-8.
33. Mecham, J. O., V. C. Dean, and M. M. Jochim. 1986. Correlation of serotype specificity and protein structure of the five U.S. serotypes of bluetongue virus. J. Gen. Virol. 67:2617-2624.
34. Mecham, J. O., and V. C. Dean. 1988. Protein coding assignment for the genome of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. J. Gen. Virol. 69:1255-1262.
35. Nel, L. H., L. A. Picard, and H. Huismans. 1990. A characterization of the nonstructural protein from which the virus-specific tubules in epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus-infected cells are composed. Virus Res. 18:219-230.
36. Nettles, V. E., S. A. Hylton, D. E. Stallknecht, and W. R. Davidson. 1992. Epidemiology of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in the United States, p. 238-248. In T. E. Walton and B. I. Osburn (ed.), Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Bluetongue, African Horse Sickness, and Related Orbiviruses. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
37. Norelius, S. E. Personal communication.
38. Nunamaker, R. A., P. J. Sieburth, V. C. Dean, J. G. Wigington, C. E. Nunamaker, and J. O. Mecham. 1990. Absence of transovarial transmission of bluetongue virus in Culicoides variipennis: immunogold labelling of bluetongue virus antigen in developing oocytes from Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Ser. A 96:19-31.
39. Nuovo, G. J., F. Gallery, P. MacConnell, J. Becker, and W. Bloch. 1991. An improved technique for the in situ detection of DNA after polymerase chain reaction amplification. Am. J. Pathol. 139:1239-1244.
40. Nuovo, G. J., P. MacConnell, A. Forde, and P. Delvenne. 1991. Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in formalin-fixed tissues by in situ hybridization after amplification by polymerase chain reaction. Am. J. Pathol. 139:847-854.
41. Perez de Leon, A. A., and W. J. Tabachnick. 1996. Apyrase activity and adenosine diphosphate induced platelet aggregation inhibition by the salivary gland proteins of Culicoides variipennis, the North American vector of bluetongue viruses. Vet. Parasitol. 61:327-338.
42. Pritchard, L. I., A. R. Gould, W. C. Wilson, L. Thompson, P. P. C. Mertens, A. M. Wade-Evans. 1995. Complete nucleotide sequence of RNA segment 3 of bluetongue virus serotype 2 (ona-A). Phylogenetic analyses reveal the probable origin and relationship with other orbiviruses. Virus Res. 35:247-261.
43. Quist, C. F., E. W. Howerth, D. I. Bounous, and D. E. Stallknecht. 1997. Cell-mediated immune response and IL-2 production in white-tailed deer experimentally infected with hemorrhagic disease viruses. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 56:283-297.
44. Schnittman, S. M., M. C. Psallidopoulos, H. C. Lane, L. Thompson, M. Baseler, F. Massari, C. H. Fox, N. P. Salzman, and A. S. Fauci. 1993. The reservoir for HIV-1 in human peripheral blood is a T cell that maintains expression of CD4. Science 245:305-308.
45. Schoepp, R. J., C. D. Blair, P. Roy, and B. J. Beaty. 1991. Detection of bluetongue virus RNA by in situ hybridization: comparison with virus isolation and antigen detection. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 3:22-28.
46. Shope, R. E., L. G. MacNamara, and R. A. Mangold. 1960. Virus induced epizootic hemorrhagic disease of the Virginia white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). J. Exp. Med. 111:155-170.
47. Spann, W., K. Pachmann, H. Zabnienska, A. Piermeier, and B. Emmerich. 1991. In situ amplification of single copy gene segments in individual cells by the polymerase chain reaction. Infection 19:242-244.
48. Tabachnick, W. J., N. J. MacLachlan, L. H. Thompson, G. J. Hunt, and J. F. Patton. 1996. Susceptibility of Culicoides variipennis sonorensis to infection by polymerase chain reaction-detectable bluetongue virus in cattle blood. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 54:481-485.
49. Tabachnick, W. J. 1996. Culicoides variipennis and bluetongue-virus epidemiology in the United States. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 41:23-43.
50. Thomas, F. C., N. Willis, and G. Ruckerbauer. 1974. Identification of viruses involved in the 1971 outbreak of hemorrhagic disease in southeastern United States white-tailed deer. J. Wildl. Dis. 10:187-189.
51. Tsai, K., and L. Karstad. 1973. The pathogenesis of epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer: an electron microscope study. Am. J. Pathol. 70:379-391.
52. Unger, R. E., R. Y. Chuange, L. F. Chuang, B. I. Osburn, and R. H. Doi. 1988. The cloning of full-length genome segments 2,5,6 and 8 of bluetongue (BTV) serotype 17 and studies of their genetic relatedness to United States BTV serotypes. Virology 167:296-298.
53. Urakawa, T., and P. Roy. 1988. Bluetongue virus tubules made in insect cells by recombinant baculoviruses: expression of the NS1 gene of bluetongue virus serotype 10. J. Virol. 62:3919-3927.
54. Venter, E. H., G. J. Viljoen, L. H. Nel, H. Huismans, and A. A. van Dijk. 1991. A comparison of different genomic probes in the detection of virus-specific RNA in Orbivirus-infected cells. J. Virol. Methods 32:171-180.
55. Whetter, L. E., N. J. MacLachlan, D. H. Gebhard, H. W. Heidner, and P. F. Moore. 1989. Bluetongue virus infection of bovine monocytes. J. Gen. Virol. 70:1663-1676.
56. Wilhelm, A. R., and D. O. Trainer. 1967. A comparison of several viruses of epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer. J. Infect. Dis. 117:48-54.
57. Wilson, W. C. 1991. Detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in Culicoides variipennis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). J. Med. Entomol. 28: 742-744.
58. Wilson, W. C., and C. C. L. Chase. 1993. Nested and multiplex polymerase chain reactions in the identification of bluetongue virus infection in the biting midge Culicoides variipennis. J. Virol. Methods 45:39-47.
59. Wilson, W. C. 1994. Development of a nested-PCR test based on sequence analysis of epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses non-structural protein 1 (NS1). Virus Res. 31:357-365.
60. Wilson, W. C. 1994. Sequence analysis of the non-structural protein 2 from epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses. Virus Res. 34:63-68.
61. Work, T. M., D. A. Jessup, and M. M. Sawyer. 1992. Experimental bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus infection in California black-tailed deer. J. Wildl. Dis. 28:623-628.