Flight thermogenesis and energy conservation in hovering hummingbirds

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 201, Issue 7, 1998, Pages 963-968

  Chai, Peng ^a   Chang, Andrew C ^a   Dudley, Robert ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

^b SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

Author keywords

Archilochus colubris; Flight energetics; Hovering flight; Hummingbirds; Mechanical power output; Metabolic heat production; Muscle mechanical efficiency; Oxygen consumption; Temperature; Thermoregulation

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031948930     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

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