메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 92, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 609-623

Characterization of N-acetylcysteine and ambroxol in anti-oxidant therapy

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; AMBROXOL; ANTIOXIDANT; CATALASE; CYTOKINE; GLUTATHIONE; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; HYDROXYL RADICAL; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; INTERLEUKIN 1; OXIDIZING AGENT; OXYGEN RADICAL; PARACETAMOL; SCAVENGER; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; SURFACTANT; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 0031948449     PISSN: 09546111     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0954-6111(98)90506-6     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (263)

References (158)
  • 1
    • 0022464782 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen, ischemia and inflammation
    • Weiss, SJ. Oxygen, ischemia and inflammation. Acta Physiol Scand 1986; 548: 9-37.
    • (1986) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.548 , pp. 9-37
    • Weiss, S.J.1
  • 2
    • 0004277746 scopus 로고
    • Oxidants: Types, sources, and mechanisms of injury
    • Crystal RG, West JB, eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Schraufstätter IU, Cochrane CG. Oxidants: types, sources, and mechanisms of injury. In: Crystal RG, West JB, eds. The lung, Scientific foundations. New York: Raven Press, 1991, pp. 1803-1810.
    • (1991) The Lung, Scientific Foundations , pp. 1803-1810
    • Schraufstätter, I.U.1    Cochrane, C.G.2
  • 5
    • 0028587756 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen-derived species: Their relation to human disease and environmental stress
    • Halliwell B, Cross CE. Oxygen-derived species: their relation to human disease and environmental stress. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 5-12.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 5-12
    • Halliwell, B.1    Cross, C.E.2
  • 6
    • 0006092388 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ambroxol on chemiluminescence of phagocytic cells and Na-arachidonate induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs
    • Winsel K, Becher G. Effects of ambroxol on chemiluminescence of phagocytic cells and Na-arachidonate induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. Eur Respir J 1992; 5: 289s.
    • (1992) Eur Respir J , vol.5
    • Winsel, K.1    Becher, G.2
  • 7
    • 1542506643 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative damage and respiratory disease
    • Chow CK, ed. New York: CRC Press Inc.
    • Hoidal JR, Kennedy TP. Oxidative damage and respiratory disease. In: Chow CK, ed. Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms. New York: CRC Press Inc. 1988, 53-70.
    • (1988) Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms , pp. 53-70
    • Hoidal, J.R.1    Kennedy, T.P.2
  • 8
    • 0024571519 scopus 로고
    • Free radical effects on lung metabolism
    • Jenkinson SG. Free radical effects on lung metabolism. Clin Chest Med 1989; 10: 37-47.
    • (1989) Clin Chest Med , vol.10 , pp. 37-47
    • Jenkinson, S.G.1
  • 9
    • 0020574002 scopus 로고
    • Long-lived oxidants generated by human neutrophils: Characterization and bioactivity
    • Weiss SJ, Lambert MB, Test ST. Long-lived oxidants generated by human neutrophils: characterization and bioactivity. Science 1983; 222: 625-628.
    • (1983) Science , vol.222 , pp. 625-628
    • Weiss, S.J.1    Lambert, M.B.2    Test, S.T.3
  • 10
    • 0000162325 scopus 로고
    • The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by iron salts
    • Haber F, Weiss JJ. The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by iron salts. Proc R Soc London 1934; 147: 332-352.
    • (1934) Proc R Soc London , vol.147 , pp. 332-352
    • Haber, F.1    Weiss, J.J.2
  • 11
    • 18544384019 scopus 로고
    • Oxidation of tartaric acid in the presence of iron
    • Fenton HJH. Oxidation of tartaric acid in the presence of iron. J Chem Soc Trans 1894; 65: 899-910.
    • (1894) J Chem Soc Trans , vol.65 , pp. 899-910
    • Fenton, H.J.H.1
  • 12
    • 0028556514 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen radicals, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and injury
    • Ward PA. Oxygen radicals, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and injury. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 13-16.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 13-16
    • Ward, P.A.1
  • 13
    • 0027249188 scopus 로고
    • Meeting report on oxy radicals and antioxidative response in cancer: 12th Sapporo cancer seminar
    • Meeting report on oxy radicals and antioxidative response in cancer: 12th Sapporo cancer seminar. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 3207-3210.
    • (1993) Cancer Res , vol.53 , pp. 3207-3210
  • 14
    • 0028574082 scopus 로고
    • Potential molecular mechanisms of oxidant-induced carcinogenesis
    • Jackson IH. Potential molecular mechanisms of oxidant-induced carcinogenesis. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102: 155-158.
    • (1994) Environ Health Perspect , vol.102 , pp. 155-158
    • Jackson, I.H.1
  • 15
    • 0029998738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes
    • Duthie SJ, Ma M, Ross MA et al. Antioxidant supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 1291-1295.
    • (1996) Cancer Res , vol.56 , pp. 1291-1295
    • Duthie, S.J.1    Ma, M.2    Ross, M.A.3
  • 16
    • 0023159983 scopus 로고
    • -) from alveolar macrophages exposed to asbestiform and nonfibrous particles
    • -) from alveolar macrophages exposed to asbestiform and nonfibrous particles. Cancer Res 1987; 47: 1681-1686.
    • (1987) Cancer Res , vol.47 , pp. 1681-1686
    • Hansen, K.1    Mossman, B.T.2
  • 18
    • 0022545994 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of superoxide dismutase activity in tracheal epithelial cells by asbestos and inhibition of cytotoxicity by antioxidants
    • Mossman BT, Marsh JP, Shatos MA. Alteration of superoxide dismutase activity in tracheal epithelial cells by asbestos and inhibition of cytotoxicity by antioxidants. Lab Invest 1986; 54: 204-212.
    • (1986) Lab Invest , vol.54 , pp. 204-212
    • Mossman, B.T.1    Marsh, J.P.2    Shatos, M.A.3
  • 19
    • 0028303380 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between respiratory epithelial cells and cytokines: Relationships to lung inflammation
    • Boland BM, Cullinan J, Rogers T, eds. New York: New York Academy of Sciences
    • Adler KB, Fischer BM, Wright DT, Cohn LA et al. Interactions between respiratory epithelial cells and cytokines: relationships to lung inflammation. In: Boland BM, Cullinan J, Rogers T, eds. Cells and Cytokines in Lung Inflammation, New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1994, pp. 128-145.
    • (1994) Cells and Cytokines in Lung Inflammation , pp. 128-145
    • Adler, K.B.1    Fischer, B.M.2    Wright, D.T.3    Cohn, L.A.4
  • 20
    • 0025344039 scopus 로고
    • Cytokines of the lung
    • Kelley J. Cytokines of the lung. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 765-788.
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.141 , pp. 765-788
    • Kelley, J.1
  • 21
    • 0024217265 scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P-450 metabolism of arachidonic acid: Formation and biological actions of "epoxygenase"-derived eicosanoids
    • Fitzpatrick FA, Murphy RC. Cytochrome P-450 metabolism of arachidonic acid: formation and biological actions of "epoxygenase"-derived eicosanoids. Pharmacol Rev 1989; 40: 229-241.
    • (1989) Pharmacol Rev , vol.40 , pp. 229-241
    • Fitzpatrick, F.A.1    Murphy, R.C.2
  • 22
    • 0028217803 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways in platelet-activating factor-induced interleukin-6 production by alveolar macrophages
    • Boland BM, Cullinan J, Rogers T, eds. New York: New York Academy of Sciences
    • Thivierge M, Rola-Pleszczynski M. Involvement of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways in platelet-activating factor-induced interleukin-6 production by alveolar macrophages. In: Boland BM, Cullinan J, Rogers T, eds. Cells and Cytokines in Lung Inflammation. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1994, pp. 213-222.
    • (1994) Cells and Cytokines in Lung Inflammation , pp. 213-222
    • Thivierge, M.1    Rola-Pleszczynski, M.2
  • 23
    • 0024202127 scopus 로고
    • Induction of manganous superoxide dismutase by tumour necrosis factor: Possible protective mechanism
    • Wong GHW, Goeddel DV. Induction of manganous superoxide dismutase by tumour necrosis factor: possible protective mechanism. Science 1988; 242: 941-943.
    • (1988) Science , vol.242 , pp. 941-943
    • Wong, G.H.W.1    Goeddel, D.V.2
  • 24
    • 0025337812 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase by lipoplysaccharide, interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor
    • Visner GA, Dougall WC, Wilson JM et al. Regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase by lipoplysaccharide, interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor. J Biol Chem 1990; 265: 2856-2864.
    • (1990) J Biol Chem , vol.265 , pp. 2856-2864
    • Visner, G.A.1    Dougall, W.C.2    Wilson, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 0024836348 scopus 로고
    • Elevated Interleukin-1 release by human alveolar macrophages during the adult respiratory distress syndrome
    • Jacobs RF, Tabor DR, Burks AW et al. Elevated Interleukin-1 release by human alveolar macrophages during the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 140: 1686-1692.
    • (1989) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.140 , pp. 1686-1692
    • Jacobs, R.F.1    Tabor, D.R.2    Burks, A.W.3
  • 26
    • 0025667856 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis for tumor necrosis factor-induced increase in pulmonary superoxide dismutase activities
    • Tsan M-F, White JE, Treanor C et al. Molecular basis for tumor necrosis factor-induced increase in pulmonary superoxide dismutase activities. Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) 1990; 259: L506-L512.
    • (1990) Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) , vol.259
    • Tsan, M.-F.1    White, J.E.2    Treanor, C.3
  • 29
    • 0028201064 scopus 로고
    • Induction of pulmonary Mn superoxide dismutase mRNA by interleukin 1
    • White JE, Tsan M-F. Induction of pulmonary Mn superoxide dismutase mRNA by interleukin 1. Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) 1994; 266: L664-L671.
    • (1994) Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) , vol.266
    • White, J.E.1    Tsan, M.-F.2
  • 30
    • 0025991016 scopus 로고
    • Manganese superoxide dismutase is induced by IFN-gamma in multiple cell types. Synergistic induction by IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor or IL-1
    • Harris CA, Derbin KS, Hunte-McDonough B et al. Manganese superoxide dismutase is induced by IFN-gamma in multiple cell types. Synergistic induction by IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor or IL-1. J Immunol 1991; 147: 149-154.
    • (1991) J Immunol , vol.147 , pp. 149-154
    • Harris, C.A.1    Derbin, K.S.2    Hunte-McDonough, B.3
  • 31
    • 0027394553 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase promotes the survival of tumor cells exposed to interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, selected anticancer drugs, and ionizing radiation
    • Hirose K, Longo DL, Oppenheim JJ et al. Overexpression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase promotes the survival of tumor cells exposed to interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, selected anticancer drugs, and ionizing radiation. FASEB J 1993; 7: 361-368.
    • (1993) FASEB J , vol.7 , pp. 361-368
    • Hirose, K.1    Longo, D.L.2    Oppenheim, J.J.3
  • 32
    • 0020509960 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary oxygen toxicity: Early reversible changes in human alveolar structures induced by hyperoxia
    • Davis WB, Rennard SI, Bitterman PB et al. Pulmonary oxygen toxicity: early reversible changes in human alveolar structures induced by hyperoxia. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 878-883.
    • (1983) N Engl J Med , vol.309 , pp. 878-883
    • Davis, W.B.1    Rennard, S.I.2    Bitterman, P.B.3
  • 33
    • 0025937169 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative metabolism of circulating granulocytes in adult respiratory distress syndrome
    • Tagan M-C, Markert M, Schaller M-D et al. Oxidative metabolism of circulating granulocytes in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Med 1991; 91(Suppl. 3C): 3C-72S-3C-78S.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.91 , Issue.SUPPL. 3C
    • Tagan, M.-C.1    Markert, M.2    Schaller, M.-D.3
  • 35
    • 0026806854 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of pulmonary superoxide dismutase in interleukin-1-induced oxygen-tolerant rats
    • Tsan M-F, White JE. Kinetics of pulmonary superoxide dismutase in interleukin-1-induced oxygen-tolerant rats. Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) 1992; 263: L342-L347.
    • (1992) Am J Physiol (Lung Cell Mol Physiol) , vol.263
    • Tsan, M.-F.1    White, J.E.2
  • 36
    • 85069428927 scopus 로고
    • Mossbauer study of iron bleomycin and its activation intermediates
    • Burger RM, Kent TA, Howitz SB et al. Mossbauer study of iron bleomycin and its activation intermediates. J Biol Chem 1983; 86: 139-142.
    • (1983) J Biol Chem , vol.86 , pp. 139-142
    • Burger, R.M.1    Kent, T.A.2    Howitz, S.B.3
  • 37
    • 0021072160 scopus 로고
    • Bleomycin cytotoxicity is prevented by superoxide dismutase
    • Cunningham ML, Ringrose PS, Lokesh BR. Bleomycin cytotoxicity is prevented by superoxide dismutase. Cancer Lett 1983; 21: 149-153.
    • (1983) Cancer Lett , vol.21 , pp. 149-153
    • Cunningham, M.L.1    Ringrose, P.S.2    Lokesh, B.R.3
  • 38
    • 0022230573 scopus 로고
    • Oxidants, antioxidants, and the pathogenesis of emphysema
    • Cantin AM, Crystal RG. Oxidants, antioxidants, and the pathogenesis of emphysema. Eur J Respir Dis 1985; 66(Suppl. 139): 7-17.
    • (1985) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.66 , Issue.139 SUPPL. , pp. 7-17
    • Cantin, A.M.1    Crystal, R.G.2
  • 39
    • 0022272160 scopus 로고
    • Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications
    • Church T, Pryor WA. Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ Health Perspect 1985; 64: 111-126.
    • (1985) Environ Health Perspect , vol.64 , pp. 111-126
    • Church, T.1    Pryor, W.A.2
  • 40
    • 0021064492 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and lung destruction: Accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of cigarette smokers
    • Huninghake GW, Crystal RG. Cigarette smoking and lung destruction: accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of cigarette smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 128: 833-838.
    • (1983) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.128 , pp. 833-838
    • Huninghake, G.W.1    Crystal, R.G.2
  • 43
    • 0027564812 scopus 로고
    • In vivo effect of lipopolysaccharide on alveolar and peritoneal macrophages of rats: Superoxide anion generation and 5-lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid
    • Takahashi H, Abe M, Hashimoto S et al. In vivo effect of lipopolysaccharide on alveolar and peritoneal macrophages of rats: superoxide anion generation and 5-lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1993; 8: 291-298.
    • (1993) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.8 , pp. 291-298
    • Takahashi, H.1    Abe, M.2    Hashimoto, S.3
  • 44
    • 0040976524 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen peroxide-induced injury of cells and its prevention by inhibitors of poly(ADH-ribose) polymerase
    • Schraufstätter IU, Hyslop PA, Hinshaw DB et al. Hydrogen peroxide-induced injury of cells and its prevention by inhibitors of poly(ADH-ribose) polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 4908-4912.
    • (1986) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.83 , pp. 4908-4912
    • Schraufstätter, I.U.1    Hyslop, P.A.2    Hinshaw, D.B.3
  • 45
    • 0028175549 scopus 로고
    • Increased expression of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase in rat lungs after inhalation of inflammatory and fibrogenic minerals
    • Janssen YM, Marsh JP, Driscoll KE et al. Increased expression of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase in rat lungs after inhalation of inflammatory and fibrogenic minerals. Free Radic Biol Med 1994; 16: 315-322.
    • (1994) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.16 , pp. 315-322
    • Janssen, Y.M.1    Marsh, J.P.2    Driscoll, K.E.3
  • 46
    • 85030338637 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase gene expression in human bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to crocidolite, silica and rockwool in vitro
    • Marks-Konczalik J, Gillissen A, Schärling B et al. Regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase gene expression in human bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to crocidolite, silica and rockwool in vitro. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 351s.
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8
    • Marks-Konczalik, J.1    Gillissen, A.2    Schärling, B.3
  • 47
    • 85030334457 scopus 로고
    • Superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase levels in bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to crocidolite, silica and basaltwool in vitro
    • Gillissen A, Jaworska M, Wickenburg D et al. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase levels in bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to crocidolite, silica and basaltwool in vitro. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 464s.
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8
    • Gillissen, A.1    Jaworska, M.2    Wickenburg, D.3
  • 48
    • 0024424597 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from smokers in related to humoral markers of inflammatory cell activity
    • Linden M, Hakansson L, Ohlsson K et al. Glutathione in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from smokers in related to humoral markers of inflammatory cell activity. Inflammation 1989; 13(6): 651-658.
    • (1989) Inflammation , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 651-658
    • Linden, M.1    Hakansson, L.2    Ohlsson, K.3
  • 49
    • 0024421581 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary strategies of antioxidant defense
    • Heffner JE, Repine JE. Pulmonary strategies of antioxidant defense. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 140: 531-554.
    • (1989) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.140 , pp. 531-554
    • Heffner, J.E.1    Repine, J.E.2
  • 50
    • 0030003733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of drugs as antioxidant prophylactics
    • Aruoma OI. Characterization of drugs as antioxidant prophylactics. Free Radic Biol Med 1996; 20: 675-705.
    • (1996) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.20 , pp. 675-705
    • Aruoma, O.I.1
  • 51
    • 0026634285 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of antioxidant enzymes
    • Harris ED. Regulation of antioxidant enzymes. FASEB J 1992; 6: 2675-2683.
    • (1992) FASEB J , vol.6 , pp. 2675-2683
    • Harris, E.D.1
  • 52
    • 0024264526 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione metabolism and its elective modification
    • Meister A. Glutathione metabolism and its elective modification. J Biol Chem 1988; 262: 17205-17208.
    • (1988) J Biol Chem , vol.262 , pp. 17205-17208
    • Meister, A.1
  • 53
    • 0002684621 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione synthetase deficiency and other disorders of the gamma-glutamyl cycle
    • Schriver CR, Beyuet AL, Sly WS et al., eds. New York: McGraw-Hill
    • Meister A, Larsson A. Glutathione synthetase deficiency and other disorders of the gamma-glutamyl cycle. In: Schriver CR, Beyuet AL, Sly WS et al., eds. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989, pp. 855-868.
    • (1989) The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease , pp. 855-868
    • Meister, A.1    Larsson, A.2
  • 55
    • 0025886739 scopus 로고
    • Effect of glutathione aerosol on oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
    • Borok Z, Buhl R, Grimes GJ et al. Effect of glutathione aerosol on oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lancet 1991; 338: 215-216.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 215-216
    • Borok, Z.1    Buhl, R.2    Grimes, G.J.3
  • 56
    • 0027184036 scopus 로고
    • Recombinant secretory leukoprotease inhibitor augments glutathione levels in respiratory epithelial lining fluid
    • Gillissen A, Birrer P, Buhl R et al. Recombinant secretory leukoprotease inhibitor augments glutathione levels in respiratory epithelial lining fluid. J Appl Physiol 1993; 75: 825-832.
    • (1993) J Appl Physiol , vol.75 , pp. 825-832
    • Gillissen, A.1    Birrer, P.2    Buhl, R.3
  • 57
    • 0025221318 scopus 로고
    • Distribution studies of liposome-encapsulated glutathione administered to the lung
    • Jurima-Romet M, Barber RF, Demeester J et al. Distribution studies of liposome-encapsulated glutathione administered to the lung. Int J Pharm 1990; 63: 227-235.
    • (1990) Int J Pharm , vol.63 , pp. 227-235
    • Jurima-Romet, M.1    Barber, R.F.2    Demeester, J.3
  • 58
    • 4244087065 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species in living systems: Source, biochemistry, and role in human disease
    • Halliwell B. Reactive oxygen species in living systems: source, biochemistry, and role in human disease. Am J Med 1991; 91: 3C-14S-3C-22S.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.91
    • Halliwell, B.1
  • 59
    • 0025869293 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione and inflammatory disorders of the lung
    • Cantin AM, Béin R. Glutathione and inflammatory disorders of the lung. Lung 1991; 169: 123-138.
    • (1991) Lung , vol.169 , pp. 123-138
    • Cantin, A.M.1    Béin, R.2
  • 60
    • 0023692822 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ambroxol on neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro
    • Stockley RA, Shaw J, Burnett D. Effect of ambroxol on neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro. Agents Actions 1988; 24: 292-296.
    • (1988) Agents Actions , vol.24 , pp. 292-296
    • Stockley, R.A.1    Shaw, J.2    Burnett, D.3
  • 61
    • 0022401117 scopus 로고
    • The inhibition of lysosomal phospholipase A from rabbit lung by ambroxol and its consequences for pulmonary surfactant
    • Heath MF, Jacobson W. The inhibition of lysosomal phospholipase A from rabbit lung by ambroxol and its consequences for pulmonary surfactant. Lung 1985; 163: 337-334.
    • (1985) Lung , vol.163 , pp. 337-1334
    • Heath, M.F.1    Jacobson, W.2
  • 62
    • 0025204614 scopus 로고
    • Alterations of the endoalveolar surfactant after surgery with extracorporeal circulation
    • Marcatili S, Guarino C, Giannattasio A et al. Alterations of the endoalveolar surfactant after surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Respiration 1990; 57: 233-238.
    • (1990) Respiration , vol.57 , pp. 233-238
    • Marcatili, S.1    Guarino, C.2    Giannattasio, A.3
  • 64
    • 0024394697 scopus 로고
    • The antioxidant action of N-acetylcysteine: Its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, superoxide, and hypochlorous acid
    • Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey BM et al. The antioxidant action of N-acetylcysteine: its reaction with hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, superoxide, and hypochlorous acid. Free Radic Biol Med 1989; 6: 593-597.
    • (1989) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.6 , pp. 593-597
    • Aruoma, O.I.1    Halliwell, B.2    Hoey, B.M.3
  • 65
    • 0030902329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nacystelyn and N-acetylcysteine augment cellular antioxidant defense in two distinctive ways
    • Gillissen A, Jaworska M, Orth M et al. Nacystelyn and N-acetylcysteine augment cellular antioxidant defense in two distinctive ways. Respir Med 1997; 91: 159-168.
    • (1997) Respir Med , vol.91 , pp. 159-168
    • Gillissen, A.1    Jaworska, M.2    Orth, M.3
  • 66
    • 0029790487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro comparative assessment of the antioxidant activity of nacystelyn against three reactive oxygen species
    • Vanderbist F, Maes P, Nève J. In vitro comparative assessment of the antioxidant activity of nacystelyn against three reactive oxygen species. Arzneimittel-therapie 1996; 8: 783-788.
    • (1996) Arzneimittel-therapie , vol.8 , pp. 783-788
    • Vanderbist, F.1    Maes, P.2    Nève, J.3
  • 67
    • 0026914862 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of glutathione levels in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by N-acetylcysteine
    • Phelps DT, Deneke SM, Daley DL et al. Elevation of glutathione levels in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by N-acetylcysteine. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1992; 7: 293-299.
    • (1992) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.7 , pp. 293-299
    • Phelps, D.T.1    Deneke, S.M.2    Daley, D.L.3
  • 68
    • 0029318857 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of use of extracelluar glutathione by lung epithelial cells and pulmonary artery endothelial cells
    • Deneke SM, Susanto I, Vogel KA et al. Mechanisms of use of extracelluar glutathione by lung epithelial cells and pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1995; 12: 662-668.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.12 , pp. 662-668
    • Deneke, S.M.1    Susanto, I.2    Vogel, K.A.3
  • 69
    • 0025875051 scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of N-acetylcysteine by human endothelial cells
    • Cotgreave I, Moldéus P, Schuppe I. The metabolism of N-acetylcysteine by human endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1991; 42: 13-16.
    • (1991) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 13-16
    • Cotgreave, I.1    Moldéus, P.2    Schuppe, I.3
  • 70
    • 0027126243 scopus 로고
    • Induction of cysteine transport in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by sodium arsenite
    • Deneke SM. Induction of cysteine transport in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by sodium arsenite. Biochim Biophys Acta 1992; 1109: 127-131.
    • (1992) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1109 , pp. 127-131
    • Deneke, S.M.1
  • 72
    • 0027212043 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine vermindert funktioneile und strukturelle, ARDS-typische Lungenschädigungen bei endotoxinbehandelten Ratten
    • Feddersen CO, Barth P, Püchner A et al. N-acetylcysteine vermindert funktioneile und strukturelle, ARDS-typische Lungenschädigungen bei endotoxinbehandelten Ratten. Med Klin 1993; 88(4): 198-206.
    • (1993) Med Klin , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 198-206
    • Feddersen, C.O.1    Barth, P.2    Püchner, A.3
  • 73
    • 0023936709 scopus 로고
    • The role of glutathione status in the protection against ischaemic and reperfusion damage: Effects of N-acetylcysteine
    • Ceconi C, Curello S, Cargnoni A et al. The role of glutathione status in the protection against ischaemic and reperfusion damage: effects of N-acetylcysteine. Mol Cell Cardiol 1988; 20: 5-13.
    • (1988) Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 5-13
    • Ceconi, C.1    Curello, S.2    Cargnoni, A.3
  • 74
    • 0023732216 scopus 로고
    • Oral N-acetylcysteine reduces selected humoral markers of inflammatory cell activity in BAL fluid from healthy smokers: Correlation to effects on cellular variables
    • Eklund A, Eriksson Ö, Haklansson L et al. Oral N-acetylcysteine reduces selected humoral markers of inflammatory cell activity in BAL fluid from healthy smokers: correlation to effects on cellular variables. Eur Respir J 1988; 1: 832-838.
    • (1988) Eur Respir J , vol.1 , pp. 832-838
    • Eklund, A.1    Eriksson, Ö.2    Haklansson, L.3
  • 75
    • 0023680851 scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral N-acetylcysteine on cell content and macrophage function in bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy smokers
    • Linden M, Wieslander E, Eklund A et al. Effects of oral N-acetylcysteine on cell content and macrophage function in bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy smokers. Eur Respir J 1988; 1: 645-650.
    • (1988) Eur Respir J , vol.1 , pp. 645-650
    • Linden, M.1    Wieslander, E.2    Eklund, A.3
  • 76
    • 0027406436 scopus 로고
    • Lung deposition of a nacystelyn metered dose inhaler formulation
    • Hardy JG, Everard ML, Coffiner M et al. Lung deposition of a nacystelyn metered dose inhaler formulation. J Aerosol Med 1993; 6: 37-44.
    • (1993) J Aerosol Med , vol.6 , pp. 37-44
    • Hardy, J.G.1    Everard, M.L.2    Coffiner, M.3
  • 77
    • 0013188810 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the mode of action of a novel mucolytic agent, nacystelyn
    • Marriott C, Ingham S, Coffiner M et al. Determination of the mode of action of a novel mucolytic agent, nacystelyn. Eur Respir J 1993; 6: 438s.
    • (1993) Eur Respir J , vol.6
    • Marriott, C.1    Ingham, S.2    Coffiner, M.3
  • 78
    • 0024522249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biochemical behaviour of alpha 1-antitrypsin under substitution therapy at homozygote (PI-ZZ) patients
    • Gillissen A, Schmidt EW, Rasche B et al. The biochemical behaviour of alpha 1-antitrypsin under substitution therapy at homozygote (PI-ZZ) patients. Klin Wochenschr 1998; 67: 328-335.
    • (1998) Klin Wochenschr , vol.67 , pp. 328-335
    • Gillissen, A.1    Schmidt, E.W.2    Rasche, B.3
  • 79
    • 0026447203 scopus 로고
    • Emphysema: The first two centuries - and beyond. Part II
    • Snider GL. Emphysema: the first two centuries - and beyond. Part II. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 1615-1622.
    • (1992) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.146 , pp. 1615-1622
    • Snider, G.L.1
  • 80
    • 8044248217 scopus 로고
    • GSH rescue by N-acetylcysteine
    • Ruffman R, Wendel A. GSH rescue by N-acetylcysteine. Klin Wochenschr 1991; 6: 279-283.
    • (1991) Klin Wochenschr , vol.6 , pp. 279-283
    • Ruffman, R.1    Wendel, A.2
  • 81
    • 0023860819 scopus 로고
    • Promotion of cystine uptake and it utilization for glutathione biosynthesis induced by cysteamine and N-acetylcysteine
    • Issels RD, Nagele A, Eckert K-G et al. Promotion of cystine uptake and it utilization for glutathione biosynthesis induced by cysteamine and N-acetylcysteine. Biochem Pharmacol 1988; 37: 881-888.
    • (1988) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 881-888
    • Issels, R.D.1    Nagele, A.2    Eckert, K.-G.3
  • 82
    • 0028068445 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcysteine as a cytoprotective antioxidant inpatients with severe sepsis: Potential new use for an old drug
    • Henderson AH hayes P. Acetylcysteine as a cytoprotective antioxidant inpatients with severe sepsis: potential new use for an old drug. Crit Care 1994; 28: 1086-1088.
    • (1994) Crit Care , vol.28 , pp. 1086-1088
    • Henderson, A.H.1    Hayes, P.2
  • 83
    • 0024505858 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral acetylcysteine in healthy volunteers
    • De Caro L, Chizzi A, Costa R. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral acetylcysteine in healthy volunteers. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Res 1989; 39: 382-386.
    • (1989) Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Res , vol.39 , pp. 382-386
    • De Caro, L.1    Chizzi, A.2    Costa, R.3
  • 85
    • 0018139071 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of oral acetylcysteine absorption, binding and metabolism in patients with respiratory disorders
    • Rodenstein D, De Coster A, Gazzaniga A. Pharmacokinetics of oral acetylcysteine absorption, binding and metabolism in patients with respiratory disorders. Clin Pharmacokinet 1978; 3: 247-254.
    • (1978) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.3 , pp. 247-254
    • Rodenstein, D.1    De Coster, A.2    Gazzaniga, A.3
  • 86
    • 0023096396 scopus 로고
    • No penetration of orally administered N-acetylcysteine into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
    • Cotgreave I, Eklund A, Larsson A et al. No penetration of orally administered N-acetylcysteine into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 73-77.
    • (1987) Eur J Respir Dis , pp. 73-77
    • Cotgreave, I.1    Eklund, A.2    Larsson, A.3
  • 87
    • 0028361231 scopus 로고
    • Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the concentrations of thiols in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue
    • Bridgeman MME, Marsden M, Selby C et al. Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the concentrations of thiols in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue. Thorax 1994; 49: 670-675.
    • (1994) Thorax , vol.49 , pp. 670-675
    • Bridgeman, M.M.E.1    Marsden, M.2    Selby, C.3
  • 88
    • 0026629468 scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine during adult respiratory distress syndrome: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Jepsen S, Herlevsen P, Knudsen P et al. Antioxidant treatment with N-acetylcysteine during adult respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Crit Care Med 1992; 20(7): 918-923.
    • (1992) Crit Care Med , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 918-923
    • Jepsen, S.1    Herlevsen, P.2    Knudsen, P.3
  • 89
    • 0027970408 scopus 로고
    • Influence of N-acetylcysteine on indirect indicators of tissue oxygenation in septic shock patients: Results from a prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • Spies CD, Reinhart K, Witt I et al. Influence of N-acetylcysteine on indirect indicators of tissue oxygenation in septic shock patients: results from a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Crit Care Med 1994; 22: 1738-1746.
    • (1994) Crit Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 1738-1746
    • Spies, C.D.1    Reinhart, K.2    Witt, I.3
  • 90
    • 0028230612 scopus 로고
    • The effect of oral N-acetylcysteine on lung glutathione levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
    • Meyer A, Buhl R, Magnussen H. The effect of oral N-acetylcysteine on lung glutathione levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 431-436.
    • (1994) Eur Respir J , vol.7 , pp. 431-436
    • Meyer, A.1    Buhl, R.2    Magnussen, H.3
  • 91
    • 0028217122 scopus 로고
    • Macrophage activation by N-acetylcysteine in COPD patients
    • Vecchiarelli A, Dottorini M, Pietrella D et al. Macrophage activation by N-acetylcysteine in COPD patients. Chest 1994; 105: 806-811.
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 806-811
    • Vecchiarelli, A.1    Dottorini, M.2    Pietrella, D.3
  • 92
    • 0026472927 scopus 로고
    • Failure of N-acetylcysteine to reduce low-density lipoprotein oxidizability in healthy subjects
    • Kleinveld HA, Demacker PNM, Stalenhoef AFH. Failure of N-acetylcysteine to reduce low-density lipoprotein oxidizability in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 43: 639-642.
    • (1992) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 639-642
    • Kleinveld, H.A.1    Demacker, P.N.M.2    Stalenhoef, A.F.H.3
  • 93
    • 0025777048 scopus 로고
    • Lack of effect of N-acetylcysteine on the release of oxygen radicals from neutrophils and alveolar macrophages
    • Drost E, Lannan S, Bridgeman MME et al. Lack of effect of N-acetylcysteine on the release of oxygen radicals from neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. Eur Respir J 1991; 4: 723-729.
    • (1991) Eur Respir J , vol.4 , pp. 723-729
    • Drost, E.1    Lannan, S.2    Bridgeman, M.M.E.3
  • 94
    • 0029093174 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous N-acetylcysteine and lung glutathione of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and normals
    • Meyer A, Buhl R, Kampf S et al. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine and lung glutathione of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and normals. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 1055-1060.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.152 , pp. 1055-1060
    • Meyer, A.1    Buhl, R.2    Kampf, S.3
  • 95
    • 0026343403 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione deficiency produced by inhibition of its synthesis, and its reversal: Applications in research and therapy
    • Meister A. Glutathione deficiency produced by inhibition of its synthesis, and its reversal: applications in research and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 1991; 51: 155-194.
    • (1991) Pharmacol Ther , vol.51 , pp. 155-194
    • Meister, A.1
  • 96
    • 0026048230 scopus 로고
    • Deficiency of alveolar fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome
    • Pacht ER, Timerman AP, Lykens MG et al. Deficiency of alveolar fluid of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Chest 1991; 100: 1397-1403.
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 1397-1403
    • Pacht, E.R.1    Timerman, A.P.2    Lykens, M.G.3
  • 97
    • 0020693698 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Evidence of oxidant activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
    • Cochrane CG, Spragg R, Revak SD. Pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Evidence of oxidant activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 754-761.
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.71 , pp. 754-761
    • Cochrane, C.G.1    Spragg, R.2    Revak, S.D.3
  • 98
    • 0025934865 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine in experimental and clinical acute lung injury
    • Bernard GR. N-acetylcysteine in experimental and clinical acute lung injury. Am J Med 1991; 91(Suppl. 3C): 3C-54S-3C-59S.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.91 , Issue.SUPPL. 3C
    • Bernard, G.R.1
  • 99
    • 0028126051 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine enhances recovery from acute lung injury in man
    • Suter PM, Domenighetti G, Schaller M-D et al. N-acetylcysteine enhances recovery from acute lung injury in man. Chest 1994; 105: 190-194.
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 190-194
    • Suter, P.M.1    Domenighetti, G.2    Schaller, M.-D.3
  • 100
    • 0024578662 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
    • Cantin A, Hubbard RC, Crystal RG. Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 139: 370-372.
    • (1989) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.139 , pp. 370-372
    • Cantin, A.1    Hubbard, R.C.2    Crystal, R.G.3
  • 101
    • 0025019279 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen radical production by alveolar inflammatory cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
    • Strausz J, Müller-Quernheim J, Steppling H et al. Oxygen radical production by alveolar inflammatory cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 124-128.
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.141 , pp. 124-128
    • Strausz, J.1    Müller-Quernheim, J.2    Steppling, H.3
  • 102
    • 0025743172 scopus 로고
    • Chronic bronchitis in the 1990s: Up-to-date treatment
    • Clarke SW. Chronic bronchitis in the 1990s: up-to-date treatment. Respiration 1991; 58: 43-46.
    • (1991) Respiration , vol.58 , pp. 43-46
    • Clarke, S.W.1
  • 103
    • 0028827084 scopus 로고
    • Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • American Thoracic Society. Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: S77-S120.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.152
  • 104
    • 0022414065 scopus 로고
    • Oral N-acetyl cysteine and exacerbation rates in patients with chronic bronchitis and severe airways obstruction
    • British Thoracic Society Research Committee. Oral N-acetyl cysteine and exacerbation rates in patients with chronic bronchitis and severe airways obstruction. Thorax 1985; 40: 832-835.
    • (1985) Thorax , vol.40 , pp. 832-835
  • 105
    • 0025781285 scopus 로고
    • Freie Radikale und Antioxidantien in Hämatologie und Onkologie
    • Clemens MR, Schmid B. Freie Radikale und Antioxidantien in Hämatologie und Onkologie. Atemw-Lungenkrkh 1991; 17: S26-S34.
    • (1991) Atemw-Lungenkrkh , vol.17
    • Clemens, M.R.1    Schmid, B.2
  • 107
    • 0023841594 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine inhibits human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and oxidative metabolism
    • Kharazmi A, Nielsen H, Schiotz PO. N-acetylcysteine inhibits human neutrophil and monocyte chemotaxis and oxidative metabolism. Int J Immunopharmac 1988; 10(1): 39-46.
    • (1988) Int J Immunopharmac , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-46
    • Kharazmi, A.1    Nielsen, H.2    Schiotz, P.O.3
  • 108
    • 0025987254 scopus 로고
    • Use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology
    • Flanagan RJ, Meredith TJ. Use of N-acetylcysteine in clinical toxicology. Am J Med 1991; 3C: 131S-139S.
    • (1991) Am J Med , vol.3 C
    • Flanagan, R.J.1    Meredith, T.J.2
  • 109
    • 0024512008 scopus 로고
    • Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on plasma cysteine and glutathione following paracetamol administration
    • Burgunder JM, Varriale A, Lauterburg BH. Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on plasma cysteine and glutathione following paracetamol administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 36: 127-131.
    • (1989) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.36 , pp. 127-131
    • Burgunder, J.M.1    Varriale, A.2    Lauterburg, B.H.3
  • 110
    • 0024380927 scopus 로고
    • The disposition and kinetics of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in patients with paracetamol overdosage
    • Prescott LF, Donovan JW, Jarvie DR et al. The disposition and kinetics of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in patients with paracetamol overdosage. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 37: 501-506.
    • (1989) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 501-506
    • Prescott, L.F.1    Donovan, J.W.2    Jarvie, D.R.3
  • 111
    • 0019119442 scopus 로고
    • Toxocological, pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of acetylcysteine
    • Bonanomi L, Gazzaniga A. Toxocological, pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of acetylcysteine. Eur J Respir Dis 1980; 61: 45-51.
    • (1980) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.61 , pp. 45-51
    • Bonanomi, L.1    Gazzaniga, A.2
  • 112
    • 0020583667 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial assessing the prevention of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy by N-acetylcysteine
    • Myers C, Bonow R, Palmeri S et al. A randomized controlled trial assessing the prevention of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy by N-acetylcysteine. Seminars in Oncology 1983; 10: 53-55.
    • (1983) Seminars in Oncology , vol.10 , pp. 53-55
    • Myers, C.1    Bonow, R.2    Palmeri, S.3
  • 113
    • 0020537159 scopus 로고
    • The effect of N-acetylcysteine on cyclophosphamide immunoregulation and antitumor activity
    • Levy L, Vredevoe DL. The effect of N-acetylcysteine on cyclophosphamide immunoregulation and antitumor activity. Seminars in Oncology 1983; 10: 7-16.
    • (1983) Seminars in Oncology , vol.10 , pp. 7-16
    • Levy, L.1    Vredevoe, D.L.2
  • 115
    • 0029036967 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine for lung cancer prevention
    • Zandwijk van N. N-acetylcysteine for lung cancer prevention. Chest 1995; 107: 1437-1441.
    • (1995) Chest , vol.107 , pp. 1437-1441
    • Van Zandwijk, N.1
  • 116
    • 0018741222 scopus 로고
    • Effects of metabolite VIII of bromhexine (Na 872) on type II epithelium of the lung. An experimental and morphological study with reference to surfactant secretion
    • Cerutti P, Kapanci Y. Effects of metabolite VIII of bromhexine (Na 872) on type II epithelium of the lung. An experimental and morphological study with reference to surfactant secretion. Respiration 1979; 37: 241-251.
    • (1979) Respiration , vol.37 , pp. 241-251
    • Cerutti, P.1    Kapanci, Y.2
  • 117
    • 0021004305 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ambroxol on pneumocyte type II cell. A morphological and biochemical study
    • Elmer G, Kapanci Y. Effect of ambroxol on pneumocyte type II cell. A morphological and biochemical study. Curr Probl Clin Biochem 1985; 13: 47-55.
    • (1985) Curr Probl Clin Biochem , vol.13 , pp. 47-55
    • Elmer, G.1    Kapanci, Y.2
  • 119
    • 0017798471 scopus 로고
    • The effects of NA 872 on pulmonary maturation in the fetal lamb and rabbit
    • Petten GR, Mears GJ, Taylor PJ. The effects of NA 872 on pulmonary maturation in the fetal lamb and rabbit. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1978; 130: 35-40.
    • (1978) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.130 , pp. 35-40
    • Petten, G.R.1    Mears, G.J.2    Taylor, P.J.3
  • 120
    • 2642604471 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of chronic exacerbations with ambroxol (mucosolvan retard) - An open, long-term study in 5,635 patients
    • Anonymous. Prevention of chronic exacerbations with ambroxol (mucosolvan retard) - an open, long-term study in 5,635 patients. Respiration 1989; 55: 84-96.
    • (1989) Respiration , vol.55 , pp. 84-96
  • 121
    • 0023248669 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol for the prevention of chronic bronchitis exacerbations: Long-term multicenter trial. Protective effect of ambroxol against winter semester exacerbations: a double-blind study versus placebo
    • Olivieri D, Zavattini G, Tomasini G et al. Ambroxol for the prevention of chronic bronchitis exacerbations: long-term multicenter trial. Protective effect of ambroxol against winter semester exacerbations: a double-blind study versus placebo. Respiration 1987; 51: 42-51.
    • (1987) Respiration , vol.51 , pp. 42-51
    • Olivieri, D.1    Zavattini, G.2    Tomasini, G.3
  • 122
    • 0022931050 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol decreases bronchial hyperreactivity
    • Mellillo G, Cocco G. Ambroxol decreases bronchial hyperreactivity. Eur J Respir Dis 1986; 69: 316-320.
    • (1986) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.69 , pp. 316-320
    • Mellillo, G.1    Cocco, G.2
  • 123
    • 0023189035 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol and simple chronic bronchitis
    • Ericsson CH, Juhasz J, Jonsson E et al. Ambroxol and simple chronic bronchitis. Respiration 1987; 51: 33-36.
    • (1987) Respiration , vol.51 , pp. 33-36
    • Ericsson, C.H.1    Juhasz, J.2    Jonsson, E.3
  • 124
    • 0023248668 scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy of ambroxol in the treatment of bronchial stasis
    • Germouty J, Jirou-Najou JL. Clinical efficacy of ambroxol in the treatment of bronchial stasis. Respiration 1987; 51: 37-41.
    • (1987) Respiration , vol.51 , pp. 37-41
    • Germouty, J.1    Jirou-Najou, J.L.2
  • 125
    • 0023187437 scopus 로고
    • Multicenter study on the treatment of secretory otitis media with ambroxol
    • Passali D, Zavattini G. Multicenter study on the treatment of secretory otitis media with ambroxol. Respiration 1987; 51: 52-59.
    • (1987) Respiration , vol.51 , pp. 52-59
    • Passali, D.1    Zavattini, G.2
  • 127
    • 0006057525 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ambroxol on the chloramine-T-induced decrease of serum elastase inhibitory capacity in vitro
    • Rozniecki J, Nowak D. Effect of ambroxol on the chloramine-T-induced decrease of serum elastase inhibitory capacity in vitro. Lung Respir 1987; 4: 14-15.
    • (1987) Lung Respir , vol.4 , pp. 14-15
    • Rozniecki, J.1    Nowak, D.2
  • 128
    • 13144271194 scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of ambroxol on serum elastase inhibitory capacity against chloramine-T and cigarette smoke extract
    • Rozniecki J, Nowak D. Protective effect of ambroxol on serum elastase inhibitory capacity against chloramine-T and cigarette smoke extract. Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1987; 12: 366s.
    • (1987) Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir , vol.12
    • Rozniecki, J.1    Nowak, D.2
  • 130
    • 0026361207 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ambroxol on peroxidative processes in dog lung mitochondria
    • Ledwozyw A, Jablonka S. Tusinska R. The effect of ambroxol on peroxidative processes in dog lung mitochondria. Pol Arch Weter 1991; 31: 105-113.
    • (1991) Pol Arch Weter , vol.31 , pp. 105-113
    • Ledwozyw, A.1    Jablonka, S.2    Tusinska, R.3
  • 131
    • 0028038263 scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of ambroxol against heat- and hydrogen peroxide-induced damage to lung lipids in mice
    • Nowak D, Antczak A, Pietras T et al. Protective effect of ambroxol against heat- and hydrogen peroxide-induced damage to lung lipids in mice. Eur Respir J 1994; 7: 1629-1634.
    • (1994) Eur Respir J , vol.7 , pp. 1629-1634
    • Nowak, D.1    Antczak, A.2    Pietras, T.3
  • 132
    • 0011722227 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of endotoxin-induced lipid peroxidation by ambroxol in mice
    • Nowak D, Pietras T, Antczak A et al. Inhibition of endotoxin-induced lipid peroxidation by ambroxol in mice. Lung Respir 1993; 10: 14-15.
    • (1993) Lung Respir , vol.10 , pp. 14-15
    • Nowak, D.1    Pietras, T.2    Antczak, A.3
  • 133
    • 0027409825 scopus 로고
    • Effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the content of lipid peroxidation products in lungs and other organs of mice
    • Nowak D, Pietras T, Antczak A et al. Effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the content of lipid peroxidation products in lungs and other organs of mice. Anton Leeuwenhoek Int J Gen M 1993; 63: 77-83.
    • (1993) Anton Leeuwenhoek Int J Gen M , vol.63 , pp. 77-83
    • Nowak, D.1    Pietras, T.2    Antczak, A.3
  • 134
    • 0025258965 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol inhibits interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor production in human mononuclear cells
    • Bianchi M, Mantovani A, Erroi A et al. Ambroxol inhibits interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor production in human mononuclear cells. Agents Actions 1990; 31: 275-279.
    • (1990) Agents Actions , vol.31 , pp. 275-279
    • Bianchi, M.1    Mantovani, A.2    Erroi, A.3
  • 135
    • 0029129305 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol inhibits doxorubicin-induced lipidperoxidation in heart of mice
    • Nowak D, Pierscinski G, Drzewoski J. Ambroxol inhibits doxorubicin-induced lipidperoxidation in heart of mice. Free Radic Biol Med 1995; 19: 659-663.
    • (1995) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.19 , pp. 659-663
    • Nowak, D.1    Pierscinski, G.2    Drzewoski, J.3
  • 136
    • 0028316544 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ambroxol on cytosolic calcium rise in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after stimulation with n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and concanavalin A
    • Nowak D, Antczak A, Bialasiewicz P et al. Effect of ambroxol on cytosolic calcium rise in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after stimulation with n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and concanavalin A. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 1994; 7: 47-56.
    • (1994) Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 47-56
    • Nowak, D.1    Antczak, A.2    Bialasiewicz, P.3
  • 140
    • 2642714131 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol inhibits spontaneous migration of human neutrophils
    • Rozniecki J, Nowak D. Ambroxol inhibits spontaneous migration of human neutrophils. Clin Exp Allergol 1990; 20: 27s.
    • (1990) Clin Exp Allergol , vol.20
    • Rozniecki, J.1    Nowak, D.2
  • 141
  • 142
    • 0024329451 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone in dogs
    • Chitano P, di Stefano A, Finotto S et al. Ambroxol inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness induced by ozone in dogs. Respiration 1989; 55: 74-78.
    • (1989) Respiration , vol.55 , pp. 74-78
    • Chitano, P.1    Di Stefano, A.2    Finotto, S.3
  • 143
    • 0000064807 scopus 로고
    • A pharmacokinetic study on pulmonary tropism of ambroxol on patients under thoracic surgery
    • Mezzetti M, Colombo L, Marini MG et al. A pharmacokinetic study on pulmonary tropism of ambroxol on patients under thoracic surgery. Surg Intensive Care 1990; 13: 179-185.
    • (1990) Surg Intensive Care , vol.13 , pp. 179-185
    • Mezzetti, M.1    Colombo, L.2    Marini, M.G.3
  • 144
    • 0021681090 scopus 로고
    • Lung parenchymal injury induced by bleomycin
    • Moseley PE, Shasby DM, Brady M et al. Lung parenchymal injury induced by bleomycin. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 130: 1082-1086.
    • (1984) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.130 , pp. 1082-1086
    • Moseley, P.E.1    Shasby, D.M.2    Brady, M.3
  • 145
    • 0024319853 scopus 로고
    • The effects of oradexone and ambroxol pretreatment on the oxidative sensitivity of the red blood cells in preterm infants
    • Novak Z, Varga SI, Kovacs L et al. The effects of oradexone and ambroxol pretreatment on the oxidative sensitivity of the red blood cells in preterm infants. Clin Chim Acta 1989; 182: 241-246.
    • (1989) Clin Chim Acta , vol.182 , pp. 241-246
    • Novak, Z.1    Varga, S.I.2    Kovacs, L.3
  • 146
    • 0025847416 scopus 로고
    • Prevention by ambroxol of bronchopulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: Double-blind Italian multicenter clinical study
    • Fegiz G, Volpino P, Piat G et al. Prevention by ambroxol of bronchopulmonary complications after upper abdominal surgery: double-blind Italian multicenter clinical study. Lung 1991; 169: 69-76.
    • (1991) Lung , vol.169 , pp. 69-76
    • Fegiz, G.1    Volpino, P.2    Piat, G.3
  • 147
    • 0022493879 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol for prophylaxis and treatment of broncho-pulmonary complications after chest surgery
    • Romanini BM, Sandri MG, Tosi M et al. Ambroxol for prophylaxis and treatment of broncho-pulmonary complications after chest surgery. Int J Clin Res 1986; 2: 123-127.
    • (1986) Int J Clin Res , vol.2 , pp. 123-127
    • Romanini, B.M.1    Sandri, M.G.2    Tosi, M.3
  • 148
    • 0023176342 scopus 로고
    • Ambroxol in the treatment of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. An interim report on a controlled double-blind multicenter study versus placebo
    • Marini A, Franzetti M, Gios G et al. Ambroxol in the treatment of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. An interim report on a controlled double-blind multicenter study versus placebo. Respiration 1987; 51: 60-67.
    • (1987) Respiration , vol.51 , pp. 60-67
    • Marini, A.1    Franzetti, M.2    Gios, G.3
  • 149
    • 0028414681 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Exosurf (surfactant)-mediated suppression of stimulated human alveolar macrophage cytokine release
    • Thomassen MJ, Antal JM, Connors M et al. Characterization of Exosurf (surfactant)-mediated suppression of stimulated human alveolar macrophage cytokine release. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1994; 10: 399-404.
    • (1994) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.10 , pp. 399-404
    • Thomassen, M.J.1    Antal, J.M.2    Connors, M.3
  • 150
    • 0024997221 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of antioxidant activities of pulmonary surfactant mixtures
    • Matalon S, Holm BA, Baker RR et al. Characterization of antioxidant activities of pulmonary surfactant mixtures. Biochim Biophys Acta 1990; 1035: 121-127.
    • (1990) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1035 , pp. 121-127
    • Matalon, S.1    Holm, B.A.2    Baker, R.R.3
  • 151
    • 0030138080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the human neutrophil respiratory burst by native and synthetic surfactant
    • Ahuja A, Oh N, Chao W et al. Inhibition of the human neutrophil respiratory burst by native and synthetic surfactant. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1996; 14: 496-503.
    • (1996) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.14 , pp. 496-503
    • Ahuja, A.1    Oh, N.2    Chao, W.3
  • 152
    • 0023514325 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of ambroxol in chronic bronchitis
    • Guyatt GH, Townsend M, Kazim F et al. A controlled trial of ambroxol in chronic bronchitis. Chest 1987; 92: 618-621.
    • (1987) Chest , vol.92 , pp. 618-621
    • Guyatt, G.H.1    Townsend, M.2    Kazim, F.3
  • 153
    • 0023141479 scopus 로고
    • Influence of ambroxol on tracheobronchial clearance in simple chronic bronchitis
    • Ericsson CH, Juhasz J, Mossberg B et al. Influence of ambroxol on tracheobronchial clearance in simple chronic bronchitis. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 70: 163-170.
    • (1987) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.70 , pp. 163-170
    • Ericsson, C.H.1    Juhasz, J.2    Mossberg, B.3
  • 154
    • 0023607805 scopus 로고
    • Mucociliary clearance in early simple chronic bronchitis
    • Dirksen H, Hermansen F, Groth S et al. Mucociliary clearance in early simple chronic bronchitis. Eur J Respir Dis Suppl 1987; 153: 145-149.
    • (1987) Eur J Respir Dis Suppl , vol.153 , pp. 145-149
    • Dirksen, H.1    Hermansen, F.2    Groth, S.3
  • 155
    • 0004277746 scopus 로고
    • Extracelluar antioxidant defenses
    • Crystal RG, West JB, Barnes PJ et al., eds. New York: Raven Press
    • Davis WB, Pacht ER. Extracelluar antioxidant defenses. In: Crystal RG, West JB, Barnes PJ et al., eds. The Lung, Scientific Foundations, New York: Raven Press, 1991, pp. 1821-1828.
    • (1991) The Lung, Scientific Foundations , pp. 1821-1828
    • Davis, W.B.1    Pacht, E.R.2
  • 156
    • 0024595926 scopus 로고
    • Low concentrations of acid-soluble thiol (cysteine) in the blood plasma of HIV-1 infected patients
    • Eck HP, Gmünder H, Hartmann M et al. Low concentrations of acid-soluble thiol (cysteine) in the blood plasma of HIV-1 infected patients. Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler 1989; 370: 101-108.
    • (1989) Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler , vol.370 , pp. 101-108
    • Eck, H.P.1    Gmünder, H.2    Hartmann, M.3
  • 157
    • 0021362228 scopus 로고
    • Ozone induced tolerance of hyperoxia in rats
    • Jackson RM, Frank L. Ozone induced tolerance of hyperoxia in rats. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129: 425-429.
    • (1984) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.129 , pp. 425-429
    • Jackson, R.M.1    Frank, L.2
  • 158
    • 0027315107 scopus 로고
    • Increased levels of glutathione in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with asthma
    • Smith LJ, Houston M, Anderson J. Increased levels of glutathione in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1461-1464.
    • (1993) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.147 , pp. 1461-1464
    • Smith, L.J.1    Houston, M.2    Anderson, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.