Women's mental health in primary care: Depression, anxiety, somatization, eating disorders, and substance abuse

Medical Clinics of North America

Volumn 82, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 359-389

  Frank, J B ^a   Weihs, K ^a   Minerva, E ^a   Lieberman, D Z ^a  

^a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; THYROID HORMONE;

ANXIETY NEUROSIS; DEPRESSION; DIET THERAPY; DRUG DEPENDENCE; EATING DISORDER; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HORMONAL THERAPY; HUMAN; MENTAL HEALTH CARE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOTHERAPY; REFEEDING; REVIEW; SELF CONCEPT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

EID: 0031943735     PISSN: 00257125     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70611-8     Document Type: Article

References (227)

1. R.A. Abdu D. Garritano O. Culver Acute gastric necrosis in anorexia nervosa and bulimia Arch Surg 122 1987 830 832
2. A. Adler P. Walinsky R.A. Krall Death resulting from ipecac poisoning JAMA 243 1980 1927 1928
3. American Association of University Women Shortchanging Girls, Shortchanging America: Full Data Report 1990 AAUW Washington, DC
4. American Association of University Women Shortchanging Girls, Shortchanging America: Executive Summary 1991 AAUW Washington, DC
5. American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ed 4 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
6. American Practice guideline for eating disorders Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 212 227
7. American Practice guideline for major depressive disorder in adults Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 1 26
8. American Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 1 36
9. A. Anderson W. Bowers K. Evans Inpatient treatment of anorexia nervosa D. Garner Farfinkel P. Handbook of Treatment for Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford Press New York 327 353
10. J.C. Arpels The female brain hypoestrogenic continuum from PMS to menopause J Reprod Med 41 1996 633 639
11. C. Ballinger Psychiatric aspects of the menopause Br J Psychiatry 156 1990 773 787
12. A.T. Beck G. Emery R.L. Greenbrurg Anxiety Disorders and Phobias: A Cognitive Perspective 1985 Basic Books New York
13. T.H. Bien W.R. Miller J.S. Tonigan Brief interventions for alcohol problems: A review Addiction 88 1993 315 336
14. S.J. Blatt D.M. Quinlan E.S. Chevron Dependency and self criticism: Psychological dimensions of depression J Consult Clin Psychol 50 1982 113 124
15. A. Breier M. Albus D. Pickar Controllable and uncontrollable stress in humans: Alterations in mood and neuroendocrine and neurophysiological function Am J Psychiatry 141 1987 9 25
16. G.W. Brown Life events and affective disorder: Replications and limitations Psychosom Med 55 1993 248 259
17. L. Brown C. Gilligan Meeting at the Crossroads: Women's Psychology and Girls Development 1992 Ballantine Books New York
18. T.A. Brown D.H. Barlow Cormorbidity among anxiety disorders: Implications for DSM IV J Consult Clin Psychol 60 1992 835 844
19. H. Bruch The Golden Cage: The Enigma of Anorexia Nervosa 1979 Vintage Books New York
20. R.J. Bryant-Waugh Do doctors recognize eating disorders in children? Arch Dis Child 67 1992 103 105
21. B. Bush S. Shaw P. Cleary Screening for alcohol abuse using the CAGE questionnaire Am J Med 82 1987 231 235
22. J.A. Bushnell J.E. Wells J.M. McKenzie Bulimia nervosa: Comorbidity in the general population and in the clinic Psychol Med 24 1994 605 607
23. C.W. Calloway Biological adaptations to starvation and semistarvation R.T. Frankel Yang M. Obesity and Weight Control 1988 Aspen Publications Rockville, MD
24. O.G. Cameron E.M. Hill Women and anxiety Psychiatr Clin North Am 12 1989 175 186
25. P.J. Caplan The Myth of Women's Masochism ed 2 1993 Toronto University Press Buffalo
26. R. Casper E. Eckert K. Halmi Bulimia: Its incidence and clinical importance in patients with anorexia nervosa Arch Gen Psychiatry 37 1980 1030 1035
27. S. Cheeta G. Ruigt van-Proosdij J. Changes in sleep architecture following chronic mild stress Biol Psychiatry 41 1997 419 427
28. P. Chodoff Hysteria and women Am J Psychiatry 139 1982 545 551
29. N. Chodorow The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Study of Gender 1978 University of California Press Berkeley
30. D.M. Clark A cognitive approach to panic Behav Res Ther 24 1986 461 470
31. R.E. Clouse Antidepressants for functional gastrointestinal syndromes Dig Dis Sci 39 1994 2352 2363
32. K.L. Cohen M.E. Swigar Thyroid function screening in psychiatric patients JAMA 242 1979 254 257
33. J.C. Coplan L.A. Rosenblum J.A. Gorman Primate models of anxiety: Longitudinal perspectives Psychiatr Clin North Am 18 1995 727 741
34. W. Coryell J. Endicott M. Keller Major depression in a nonclinical sample: Demographic and clinical risk factors for first onset Arch Gen Psychiatry 49 1992 117 125
35. S.M. Coupey The challenge of providing health care to adolescents Women Health 9 1984 1 14
36. A.H. Crisp Anorexia nervosa as a flight from growth D.M. Garner Garfinkel P.E. Handbook of Treatment for Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford Press New York 248 276
37. A.H. Crisp J.S. Callender C. Halek Long-term mortality in anorexia nervosa: A 20 year follow-up of St. George's and Aberdeen Cohorts Br J Pschiatry 161 1992 104 107
38. F.J. Crosby Juggling: The Unexpected Advantages of Balancing Career and Home for Women and Families 1991 Free Press New York
39. deGruy F.V. Mental health care in the primary care setting: A paradigm problem Families Systems Health 15 1997 3 26
40. A. Dennis R. Sansone Treatment of patients with personality disorders D. Garner Garfinkel P. Handbook of the Treatment of Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford Press New York 437 448
41. E.Y. Deykin S.L. Buka Prevalence and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder among chemically dependent adolescents Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 752 757
42. L.J. Dickstein A. Symonds M. Braude Women's issues: An integral part of social psychiatry Am J Social Psychiatry 6 1986 99 106
43. E.C. Ditkoff Estrogen improved psychological function in symptomatic post menopausal women Obstet Gynecol 78 1991 991 995
44. L.P. Dresser E.W. Massey E.E. Johnson Ipecac myopathy and cardiomyopathy J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55 1992 560 562
45. A. Drewnoski D. Lee C. Kurth Eating pathology and DSM III-R bulimia nervosa: A continuum of behavior Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 1217 1219
46. D.A. Drossman W.G. Thompson The irritable bowel syndrome: Review and a graduated multicomponent treatment approach Ann Intern Med 116 1992 1009 1016
47. R.D. Duncan B.E. Saunders D.G. Kilpatrick Childhood physical assault as a risk factor for PTSD, depression, and substance abuse: Findings from a national survey Am J Orthopsychiatry 66 1996 437 438
48. S.F. Dworkin Van Korff M. L. LeResche Multiple pains and psychiatric disturbance: An epidemiologic investigation Arch Gen Psychiatry 47 1990 239 244
49. M.J. Edlumd A.C. Swann Economic and social costs of panic disorder J Hosp Commun Psychiatry 38 1987 1277 1280
50. I. Elkin M.T. Shea J.T. Watkins NIMH treatment of depression collaborative research program: General effectiveness of treatments Arch Gen Psychiatry 46 1989 971 982
51. J. Endicott U. Halbreich Clinical significance of premenstrual dysphoric changes J Clin Psychiatry 49 1988 486 489
52. E. Erikson Childhood and Society 1950 Norton New York
53. C. Fairburn Interpersonal psychotherapy D. Garner Garfinkel P. Handbook for Treatment of Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford Press New York 278 294
54. C. Fairburn W. Agras W. GT The research on the treatment of bulimia nervosa: Practical and theoretical implications G. Anderson Kennedy S. The Biology of Feast and Famine 1992 Academic Press San Diego
55. C.G. Fairburn Z. Cooper The eating disorder examination C.G. Fairburn Wilson G.T. Binge Eating: Nature, Assessment and Treatment ed 12 1993 Guilford Press New York 317 360
56. C.G. Fairburn P. Hay S.L. Welch Binge eating and bulimia nervosa: Distribution and determinants C.G. Fairburn Wilson T.G. Binge Eating: Nature, Assessment and Treatment 1993 Guilford New York 123 143
57. C. Fairburn M. Marcus G. Wilson Cognitive behavioral therapy for binge eating and bulimia nervosa: A comprehensive treatment manual C. Fairburn Wilson G. Binge Eating: Nature, Assessment and Treatment 1993 Guilford Press New York
58. Federal Glass Ceiling Commission A Solid Investment: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital, Recommendations of the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission 1995 US Government Printing Office Washington, DC
59. A. Feldman The family practitioner Am J Psychiatry 135 1978 728 731
60. Fluoxetine Bulimia Nervosa Research Group Fluoxetine in the treatment of bulimia nervosa Arch Gen Psychiatry 49 1992 139 147
61. E.B. Foa C.D. Molnar L. Cashman Change in rape narratives during exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder J Trauma Stress 8 1995 75 90
62. D.G. Folks C.V. Ford C.A. Houck Somatoform disorders, factitious disorders, and malingering Stoudemire A. Clinical Psychiatry for Medical Students ed 2 1994 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 274 305
63. J.D. Frank J.B. Frank Persuasion and Healing: A Comparative Study of Psychotherapy ed 3 1991 Johns Hopkins Press Baltimore
64. Z. Freeman Is type A behavior a cause of coronary artery disease? Med J Aust 145 1986 262
65. M. Frezza C. DiPadova G. Pozzato High blood alcohol levels in women: The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and first pass metabolism N Engl J Med 322 1990 95 99
66. A.J. Fyer D. Samber Pharmacologic treatment of panic disorder Ann Rev Psychiatry 7 1988 88 120
67. P. Garfinkel E. Lin P. Goering Bulimia nervosa in a Canadian community sample: Prevalence and comparison of subgroups Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1052 1058
68. D.M. Garner The eating attitudes test: Psychometric features and clinical correlates Psychol Med 12 1982 871 878
69. D.M. Garner Psychoeducational principles in treatment D.M. Garner Garfinkel P.E. Handbook for Treatment of Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford New York 145 174
70. M.J. Garvey V.B. Tuason A.E. Lumry Occurrence of depression in the postpartum state J Affect Disord 5 1983 97
71. D. Gavish S. Eisenberg E.M. Berry Bulimia: An underlying behavioral disorder in hyperlipidemic pancreatitis: A prospective multidisciplinary approach Arch Intern Med 147 1987 705 708
72. S. Gehshan Missed opportunities for intervening in the lives of pregnant women addicted to alcohol or other drugs J Am Med Wom Assoc 50 1995 160 163
73. C. Gilligan In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development 1982 Howard University Press Cambridge
74. J.L. Griffith M.E. Griffith The Body Speaks: Therapeutic Dialogues for Mind-Body Problems 1994 Basic Books New York
75. J.E. Groves Taking care of the hateful patient N Engl J Med 298 1978 883 887
76. R.A. Hahn Sickness and Healing: An Anthropological Perspective 1995 Yale University Press New Haven
77. J.R. Hakin B.M. Steinwach D.A. Refier Use of general medical care services by persons with mental disorders Arch Gen Psychiatry 39 1985 225 231
78. U. Halbreich Role of estrogen in post menopausal depression Neurology 48 1989 16 19
79. U. Halbreich Premenstrual syndromes Halbreich U. Psychiatric Issues in Women 1996 Bailliere Tindal London
80. U. Halbreich J. Endicott The relationship of dysphoric premenstrual changes to depressive disorders Acta Psychiatr Scand 71 1985 331 338
81. J.A. Hamilton Postpartum psychiatric syndromes Psychiatr Clin North Am 12 1989 89 103
82. M. Hamilton Rating depressive patients J Clin Psychiatry 41 1980 21 24
83. B. Harlow D. Cramer K. Annis Association of medically treated depression and age at natural menopause Am J Epidemiol 141 1995 1170 1176
84. D.S. Hasin B.F. Grant J. Weinflash Male/female differences in alcohol-related problems: Alcohol rehabilitation patients Intl J Addict 25 1989 437 448
85. D. Hein F.R. Levin Trauma and trauma-related disorders for women on methadone: Prevalence and treatment considerations J Psychoact Drugs 26 1994 421 429
86. J.L. Herman Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence from Domestic Abuse to Political Terror 1992 Basic Books New York
87. B.J. Hirsch B.D. Rapkin The transition to junior high school: A longitudinal study of self-esteem, psychological symptomatology, school life, and social support Child Dev 58 1987 1235 1243
88. H.W. Hoek Impact of urbanization on detection rates of eating disorders Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1273
89. J. Hyde How large are gender differences in aggression? A developmental meta-analysis Dev Psychol 20 1984 772 776
90. C. Jacklin E. Maccoby Social behavior at 33 months in same-sex and mixed-sex dyads Child Dev 49 1978 557 569
91. R. Jones S. Lydeard Irritable bowel syndrome in the general population BMJ 304 1992 87 90
92. J.V. Jordan The meaning of mutuality Jordan J.V. Women's Growth in Connection: Writings from the Stone Center 1991 Guilford Press New York 67 80
93. J. Jordan A. Kaplan J. Miller Women's Growth in Connection: Writings from the Stone Center 1991 Guilford New York
94. J.V. Jordan J.L. Surrey A.G. Kaplan Women and empathy: Implications for psychological and psychotherapy Jordan J.V. Women's Growth in Connection: Writings from the Stone Center 1991 Guilford Press New York 27 50
95. R. Josselson Finding Herself: Pathways to Identity Development in Women 1987 Jossey Bass San Francisco
96. H.I. Kaplan B.J. Sadock J.A. Grebb Synopsis of Psychiatry ed 7 1994 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore
97. M. Kaplan A woman's view of DSM-III Am Psychol 38 1983 786 792
98. W. Katon The epidemiology of depression in medical care Int J Psychiatry Med 19 1987 93 112
99. W. Katon P.P. Bitaliano J. Russo Panic disorder epidemiology and primary care J Fam Pract 23 1986 233 239
100. W.J. Katon Von Korff M. E. Lin Panic disorder: Relationship to high medical care utilization Am J Med 92 suppl 1 1992 7S 11S
101. C. Kawas S. Resnick A. Morrison A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease: The Baltimore longitudinal study of aging Neurology 48 1997 1517 1521
102. R.E. Kendell J.C. Chalmers C. Platz Epidemiology of puerperal psychoses Br J Psychiatry 150 1987 662
103. L.G. Kessler P.D. Cleary J.D. Burke Psychiatric disorders in primary care: Results of a follow up study Arch Gen Psychiatry 42 1985 583 587
104. R.C. Kessler K.A. McGonagle M. Swartz Sex and depression in the national comorbidity survey J Affect Disord 29 1993 85 96
105. R.C. Kessler K.A. McGonagle E. Zhao Lifetime and 12 month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 1994 8 19
106. A. Keys J. Brozek A. Henschel The Biology of Human Starvation 1950 University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis
107. L. Koenig J. Juhasz Dealing with depression: Rumination and the perseveration of transient dysphoria among adolescents 1991 Annual Convention of the American Psychological Asociation San Francisco CA
108. S.G. Kornstein A.F. Schatzberg K.A. Yonkers Gender differences in presentation of chronic major depression Psychopharmacology 31 1996 711 718
109. A. Kukopulos P. Reginaldi G.F. Laddomade Course of the manic depressive cycle and changes caused by treatments Pharmacopsychiatry 13 1980 156 167
110. E.K. Lambe D.K. Katzman D.J. Mikulis Cerebral gray matter deficits after weight recovery from anorexia nervosa Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1997 537 542
111. J. Lazarus A. McGregor M. Ludgate Effect of lithium carbonate therapy on thyroid immune status in manic depressive patients: A prospective study J Affect Disord 11 1986 155 160
112. E. Leibenluft Women with bipolar illness: Clinical and research issues Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 163 173
113. H.G. Lerner Women in Therapy 1988 Jason Aronson Inc New York
114. J.L. Levenson Psychiatric aspects of medical practice Stoudemire A. Clinical Psychiatry for Medical Students ed 2 1990 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 580
115. D.J. Levinson The Seasons of a Woman's Life 1996 Knopf New York
116. D.J. Levinson C.N. Darrow E.B. Klein The Seasons of a Man's Life 1978 Ballentine New York
117. T. Lewin Wage difference between women and men workers widens New York Times 1 September 15, 1997
118. J.D. Lichtenberg E. Wolf General principles of self psychology: A position statement J Am Psychoanal Assoc 45 1997 531 543
119. M.P. Longnecker J.A. Berlin M.J. Orza A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer JAMA 260 1988 652 656
120. P. Loosen Hormones of the hypothalamic-thalamic-pituitary axis: A psychoneuroendocrine perspective Pharmacopsychiatry 19 1986 401
121. B. Lown The Lost Art of Healing 1996 Houghton Mifflin New York
122. J.J. Lynch The Broken Heart: The Medical Consequences of Loneliness 1977 Basic Books New York
123. E.E. Maccoby Social-emotional development and response to stressors N. Garmezy Rutter M. Stress, Coping, and Development in Children 1988 John Hopkins University Press Baltimore 217 234
124. S.F. Maier Learned helplessness and animal models of depression Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 8 1984 435 436
125. S.B. Manuck A.L. Marsland J.R. Kaplan The pathogenicity of behavior and its neuroendocrine medication: An example from coronary artery disease Psychosom Med 57 1995 275 283
126. R.A. Martinez National Institute of Mental Health: An update on women and minorities in mental health research Mt Sinai J Med 63 1996 332 334
127. D. Mattingly S. Bhjanji The diagnosis of anorexia J R Coll Phys Lond 16 1996 191 194
128. R.J. McComb Dental aspects of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa A.S. Kaplan Garfinkel P.E. Medical Issues and the Eating Disorders 1993 Brunner/Mazel New York 101 144
129. J. McKinlay S. McKinlay D. Brambilla The relative contributions of endocrine changes and social circumstances to depression in mid-aged women J Health Soc Behav 28 1987 345 363
130. R.N. Melmed Y. Gelpin Duodenal ulcer: The helicobacterization of a psychosomatic disease Isr J Med 32 1996 211 216
131. R.T. Mercer E.G. Nichols G.C. Doyle Transitions in a Woman's Life: Major Events in Developmental Context 1989 Springer New York
132. J.B. Miller Toward a New Psychology of Women ed 2 1986 Beacon Press Boston
133. J. Miranda Somatization, psychiatric disorder and stress in utilization of ambulatory medical services Health Psychol 10 1991 46 51
134. J.E. Mitchell C. Pomeroy D.E. Adson Managing medical complications D.M. Garner Garfinkel P.E. Handbook for the Treatment of Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford New York 383 394
135. J. Mitchell M. Zwaan Pharmacological treatments of binge eating disorder Fairburn C. Binge Eating: Nature, Assessment and Treatment 1993 Guilford Press New York 250 263
136. L.M. Nagy J.H. Krystal D. Charney Anxiety disorders Stoudemire A. Clinical Psychiatry for Medical Students ed 2 1994 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 233 273
137. R.M. Nesse M.A. Zamorski Anxiety disorders in primary care D.J. Knesper M.B. Riba Schwenk T.L. Primary Care Psychiatry 1997 WB Saunders Philadelphia
138. M.M. Newman K.A. Halmi Relationship of bone density to estradiol and cortisol in anorexia nervosa and bulima Psychiatry Res 29 1989 105 108
139. S. Nolen-Hoeksema J. Girgus The emergence of gender differences in depression during adolescence Psychol Bull 115 1994 424 443
140. S. Nolen-Hoeksema J. Girgus M. Seligman Sex differences in depression and explanatory style in children. Special issue: The emergence of depressive symptoms during adolescence J Youth Adolesc 20 1991 233 245
141. S. Nolen-Hoeksema J. Morrow B. Fredrickson Response styles and the duration of episodes of depressed mood J Abnorm Psychol 102 1993 20 28
142. E. Obzarsanek M. Lesem D. Goldstein Reduced metabolic rate in patients with bulimia nervosa Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 1991 456 462
143. M.W. O'Hara J.A. Sclechte D.A. Lewis Prospective study of post-partum blues: Biological and psychological factors Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 1991 801 806
144. M.W. O'Hara J.A. Sclechte D.A. Lewis A controlled prospective study of post partum mood disorders: Psychological, environmental, hormonal variables J Abnorm Psychol 100 1991 63 73
145. T. O'Hare T.V. Tran Predicting problem drinking in college students: Gender differences and the CAGE questionnaire Addict Behav 124 1997 13 21
146. R. Olivardia H. Pope B. Mangweth Eating disorders in college men Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1279 1285
147. G. Oppenheim A case of rapid mood cycling with estrogen: Implications for therapy J Clin Psychiatry 45 1984 34
148. M.W. Otto M.L. Whittal Cognitive-behavior therapy and the longitudinal course of panic disorder Psychiatr Clin N Am 18 1995 803 820
149. L.A. Palinkas Estrogen use and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women Obstet Gynecol xx 1992 30 36
150. B.L. Parry Reproductive factors affecting the course of affective illness in women Psychiatr Clin 12 1989 207 220
151. C.A. Pedersen R.N. Golden D.L. Evans Neurobiologic aspects of behavior Stoudemire A. Human Behavior: An Introduction for Medical Students 1990 JB Lippincott Philadelphia
152. H. Perris Life events and personality characteristics in depression Acta Psychiatr Scand 69 1984 350 358
153. N.J. Piazza J.L. Vrbka R.D. Yeager Telescoping of alcoholism in women alcoholics Intl J Addict 24 1988 19 28
154. J. Pierce Psychological and sexual symptoms associated with menopause and the effects of HRT Br J Psychiatry 167 1995 63 73
155. K.M. Pirke D. Ploog Biology of human starvation P.J.V. Beumont G.D. Burrows Casper R.C. Handbook of Eating Disorders: Part 1. Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa 1987 Elsevier New York 79 102
156. K. Powlishta E. Maccoby Resource utilization in mixed-sex dyads: The influence of adult presence and task type Sex Roles 23 1990 223 240
157. A.J. Prange Estrogen may well affect response to antidepressant JAMA 219 1972 143
158. A.J. Prange Novel uses of thyroid hormones in patients with affective disorders Thyroid 6 1996 537 543
159. A. Racine T. Joyce R. Anderson The association between prenatal care and birth weight among women exposed to cocaine in New York City JAMA 270 1993 1581 1586
160. D.C. Ransom Commentary—mental healthcare in the primary care setting Fam Syst Health 15 1997 27 36
161. R.H. Ratnasuriya I. Eisler G.I. Szmukler Anorexia nervosa: Outcome and prognostic factors after 20 years Br J Psychiatry 158 1991 495 502
162. D.A. Regier J.K. Myers M. Kramer The NIMH Epidemiologic catchment area program: Historical context, major objectives, and study population characteristics Arch Gen Psychiatry 41 1984 934 941
163. V.I. Reus Behavioral aspects of thyroid disease in women Psychiatr Clin N Am 12 1989 153 166
164. E.D. Risby S.C. Risch A. Stoudemire Epidemiology of mood disorders Stoudemire A. Clinical Psychiatry for Medical Students ed 2 1994 JB Lippincott Philadelphia
165. C. Roca P. Schmidt M. Bloch Implications of endocrine studies of premenstrual syndrome Pschiatr Ann 26 1996 576 580
166. P. Roy-Byrne W. Katon W.E. Broadhead Subsyndromal (“mixed”) anxiety depression in primary care J Gen Intern Med 9 1994 507 512
167. D.R. Rubinow P.J. Schmidt Models for the development and expression of symptoms in premenstrual syndrome Psychiatr Clin North Am 12 1989 53 69
168. P.J. Schmidt L.K. Nieman G.N. Grover Lack of effect of induced menses on symptoms in women with premenstrual syndrome N Engl J Med 324 1991 1174 1179
169. P. Schmidt D. Ruminow Menopause-related affective disorders: A justification for further study Am J Psychiatry 148 1991 844 852
170. D.L. Schneider E.L. Barrett-Connor D.J. Morton Thyroid hormone use and bone mineral density in elderly women JAMA 271 1994 1283
171. H. Schulberg C. Scott M. Madonia Applications of interpersonal psychotherapy to depression in primary care practice G. Klerman Weissman M. New Applications of Interpersonal Therapy 1993 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington, DC
172. A.M. Seiden Overview: Research on the psychology of women Am J Psychiatry 133 1976 955 1007
173. A.M. Seiden Psychological issues affecting women through the life cycle Psychiatr Clin North Am 12 1989 1 24
174. H. Selye Stress without distress Garfield C.A. Stress and Survival: The Emotional Realities of Life-Threatening Illness 1979 CV Mosby St.Louis 11 17
175. D. Shapiro Neurotic Styles 1965 Basic Books New York
176. M.K. Shear Psychotherapeutic issues in the long-term treatment of panic disorder Psychiatr Clin N Am 18 1995 885 895
177. M.K. Shear Factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of panic disorder: Revisiting the attachment-separation paradigm Am J Psychiatry 153 1996 125 135
178. E. Showalter Hystories: Hysterical Epidemics and Modern Media 1997 Columbia University Press New York
179. D. Shrier Sexual Harassment in the Workplace and Academia: Psychiatric Issues 1996 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington, DC
180. H.B. Simpson J.C. Nee H.J. Endicott First episode major depression: Few sex differences in course Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1997 633 639
181. T.W. Smith K.D. Frohm What's so unhealthy about hostility? Construct validity and psychosocial correlates of the Cook-Medley Ho scale Health Psychol 4 1985 503 520
182. J.W. Smoller M.H. Pollack The longitudinal course and outcome of panic disorder Psychiatr Clin 18 1995 785 802
183. J. Polivy C.P. Herman Dieting and binging: A casual analysis Am Psychol 43 1985 193 201
184. R.J. Sokol S.S. Martier J.W. Ager The T-ACE questions: Practical prenatal detection of risk-drinking Am J Obstet Gynecol 106 1986 863 870
185. J. Sprock R.K. Blashfield B.A. Smith Gender weighting of DSM-III-R personality disorders criteria Am J Psychiatry 147 1990 586 590
186. D. Stein J. Avni Thyroid hormones in the treatment of affective disorders Acta Psychiatry Scand 77 1988 623
187. M. Steiner S. Steinberg D. Stewart Fluoxetine in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoria N Engl J Med 332 1995 1529 1533
188. C.H. Steinhausen C. Rauss-Mason R. Seidel Follow-up studies of anorexia nervosa: A review of four decades of outcome research Psychol Med 21 1991 447 454
189. D.E. Stewart K.M. Boydell Psychologic distress during menopause: Associations across the reproductive life cycle J Psychiatry Med 23 1993 157 163
190. W. Swift J. Copeland W. Hall Characteristics of women with alcohol and other drug problems: Findings of an Australian national survey Addiction 91 1996 1141 1150
191. S.L. Syme Coronary artery disease: A sociocultural perspective Circulation 76 1987 112 116
192. N.J. Talley K.G. Kramlinger M.C. Burton Psychiatric disorders and childhood abuse in the irritable bowel syndrome Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 5 1993 647 654
193. N.J. Talley A.R. Zinsmeister L.J. Melton Irritable bowel syndrome in a community: Symptoms subgroups, risk factor, and health care utilization Am J Epidemiol 142 1995 76 83
194. E.M. Tam R.W. Lam A.T. Levitt Treatment of seasonal affective disorder: A review Can J Psychiatry 40 1995 457 460
195. M.A. Thomas R.W. Rebar The endocrinology of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2 1990 831 836
196. J. Thomson I. Oswald Effect of estrogen on sleep, mood, and anxiety of menopausal women BMJ 2 1977 1317
197. W. Tunbridge Prevalence of autoimmune endocrine disease Davies T. Autoimmune Endocrine Disease 1983 John Wiley & Sons New York
198. United States Department of Health and Human Services Alcohol and women Alcohol Alert 10 1990
199. United States Preventive Services Task Force Guide to Clinical Preventive Services 1995 Williams & Wilkins Baltimore
200. S. Wada T. Nagase N. Kugai A case of anorexia with acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis: Possible involvement of hpophosphatemia or phosphate depletion Intern Med 31 1992 478 482
201. E.A. Walker W.J. Katon P.P. Roy-byrne Histories of sexual victimization in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease Am J Psychiatry 150 1993 1502 1506
202. E.A. Walker P.P. Roy-byrne R.P. Jemelka Histories of sexual victimization in patients with irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease Am J Psychiatry 150 1982 1502 1506
203. E.A. Walker P.P. Roy-byrne W.J. Katon Irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric illness Am J Psychiatry 147 1990 565 572
204. E.A. Walker M.A. Stenchever Sexual victimization and chronic pelvic pain Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 20 1993 795 807
205. B. Walsh Pharmacologic treatment Halmi K. Psychobiology and Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa 1992 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington DC 329 340
206. B. Walsh D.M. Garner Diagnostic issues D.M. Garner Garfinkel P. Handbook of Treatment for Eating Disorders 1997 Guilford Press New York 25 33
207. C.G. Watson C. Buranen The frequency and identification of false positive conversion reactions J Nerv Ment Dis 167 1979 243 247
208. T.A. Wehr F.K. Goodwin Can antidepressants cause mania and worsen the course of affective illness? Am J Psychiatry 13 1987 1403
209. T.A. Wehr D.A. Sack N.E. Rosenthal Rapid cycling affecting disorder: Contributing factors and treatment responses of 51 patients Am J Psychiatry 145 1988 179
210. K. Weihs Commentary—mental health care in the primary care setting Fam Syst Health 15 1997 37 39
211. M.M. Weissman R. Bland P.R. Joyce Sex differences in rates of depression: Cross-national perspectives J Affect Disord 29 1993 77 84
212. M. Weissman G. Klerman Interpersonal counseling for stress and distress in primary care settings G. Klerman Weissman M. New Applications of Interpersonal Therapy 1993 American Psychiatric Association Press Washington DC
213. M.M. Weissman K.R. Merikangas The epidemiology of anxiety and panic disorders: An update J Clin Psychiatry 47 suppl 6 1986 11 17
214. M.M. Weissman M. Olfson Depression in women: Implications for health care Sci 269 1995 799 801
215. D. Wheatley Potentiation of amitryptyline by thyroid hormone Arch Gen Psychiatry 26 1972 229
216. A.H. Whitaker An epidemiological study of anorectic and bulimic symptoms in adolescent girls: Implications for pediatricians Pediatr Ann 21 1992 752 759
217. A. Whitaker J. Johnson D. Sheffer Uncommon troubles in young people: Selected estimates of selected psychiatric disorders in a non-referred adolescent population Arch Gen Psychiatry 47 1990 487 796
218. A.M. Whitehouse P.J. Cooper C.V. Vize Prevalence of eating disorders in three Cambridge general practice: Hidden and conspicuous morbidity Br J Gen Pract 42 1992 57 60
219. P.C. Whybrow A.J. Prange A hypothesis of thyroid-catecholamine-receptor interaction: Its relevance to affective illness Arch Gen Psychiatry 38 1981 106 113
220. D. Wilfley W. Agras C. Telch Group cognitive-behavioral therapy and group interpersonal psychotherapy for the non-purging bulimic individual: A controlled comparison J Consult Clin Psychol 61 1993 261 269
221. R.B. Williams J.C. Barefoot J.A. Blumentahl Psychosocial correlates of job strain in a sample of working women Arch Gen Psychiatry 54 1997 543 548
222. P.M. Wise Menopause: The aging of multiple parameters Science 273 1996 67 70
223. S.F. Wolk M.M. Weissman Women and depression Ann Rev Psychiatry 14 1995 59 95
224. S.A. Wonderlich T.D. Brewerton J. Zeljko Relationship of childhood sexual abuse and eating disorders J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 1997 1107 1114
225. K.A. Yonkers U. Halbreich E. Freeman Symptomatic improvement of premenstrual dysphoric disorder with sertraline treatment JAMA 278 1997 983 988
226. M.L. Zanarini A.A. Williams P.E. Lewis Reported pathological childhood experiences associated with the development of borderline personality disorder Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 1101 1106
227. R.E. Zinbarg D.H. Barlow M. Liebowitz The DSM IV field trial for mixed anxiety depression Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 1153 1162