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Recommendations for the use of folic acid to prevent the numbers of cases of spina bifida and other neural tube defects
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Centers for Disease Control. Recommendations for the use of folic acid to prevent the numbers of cases of spina bifida and other neural tube defects. MMWR 1992; 41:1-7.
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Knowledge and use of folic acid by women of childbearnig age - United • States MMWR 1997; 46:721-723. This study reviews the current state of knowledge about folic acid among US women.
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A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: A common mutation methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase
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A genetic defect in 5 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in neural-tube defects
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Whitehead AS, Gallagher P, Mill JL, Kirke PN, Burke H, Molloy AM, et al. A genetic defect in 5 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in neural-tube defects. Q J Med 1995; 88:763-766.
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0028844492
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Mutated methylenetetrahy-drofolate reductase as a risk factor for spina bifida
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van der Put NMJ, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Frosst P, Trijbels FJM, Eskes TKAB, van den Heuvel LP, et al. Mutated methylenetetrahy-drofolate reductase as a risk factor for spina bifida. Lancet 1995; 346:1070-1071.
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10
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0030955502
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Thermolabile variant of 5′10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase associated with low red-cell folates: Implications for folate intake recommendations
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Molloy AM, Daly S, Mills JL, Kirke PN, Whitehead AS, Ramsbottom D, et •• al. Thermolabile variant of 5′10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase associated with low red-cell folates: implications for folate intake recommendations. Lancet 1997; 349:1591-1593. This study demonstrates that MTHFR is associated with low folate levels.
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11
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Maternal plasma folate and vitamin B12 are independent risk factors for neural tube defects
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Kirke PN, Molloy AM, Daly LE, Burke H, Weir DG, Scott JM. Maternal plasma folate and vitamin B12 are independent risk factors for neural tube defects. Q J Med 1993; 86:703-708.
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Steegers-Theunissen R, Boers G, Trijbels FJ, Eskes TK. Neural tube defects and derangement of homocysteine metabolism [letter], N Engl J Med 1991; 324:199-200.
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0028149224
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Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia: A risk factor for neural-tube defects?
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Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Boers GHJ, Trijbels FJM, Finkelstein JD, Blom HJ, Thomas CMG, et al. Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for neural-tube defects? Metabolism 1994; 43:1475-1480.
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Blom, H.J.5
Thomas, C.M.G.6
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Homocysteine metabolism in pregnancies complicated by neuraltube defects
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Mills JL, McPartlin JM, Kirke PN, Lee YJ, Conley MR, Weir DG, Scott JM. Homocysteine metabolism in pregnancies complicated by neuraltube defects. Lancet 1995; 345:149-151.
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Scott, J.M.7
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Human methionine synthase: cDNA cloning and identification of mutations in patients of the cblG complementation group of folate/ cobalamin disorders
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Leclerc D, Campeau E, Goyette P, Adjalla CE, Christensen B, Ross M, et al. Human methionine synthase: cDNA cloning and identification of mutations in patients of the cblG complementation group of folate/ cobalamin disorders. Human Mol Genet 1996; 5:1867-1874.
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17
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Defects in human methionine synthase in cblG patients
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Gulati S, Baker P, Li YN, Fowler B, Kruger W, Brody LC, Banerjee R. Defects in human methionine synthase in cblG patients. Human Mol Genet 1996; 5:1859-1865.
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Food standards: Amendment of standards of identity for enriched grain products to require addition of folic acid
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DHHS, FDA. Food standards: amendment of standards of identity for enriched grain products to require addition of folic acid. Federal Register 1996; 61: 8781-8807.
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Wald N, Bower C. Folic acid and the prevention of neural tube defects. BMJ 1995; 310:1019-1020.
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DHHS, FDA. Food additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption; folic acid (folacin). Federal Register 1993; 58: 53314-53315.
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Folate levels and neural tube defects, implications for prevention
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Daly LE, Kirke PN, Molloy A, Weir DG, Scott JM. Folate levels and neural tube defects, implications for prevention. JAMA 1995; 274:1696-1702.
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Minimum effective dose of folic acid for food fortification to prevent neural tube defects
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Daly S, Mills JL, Molloy AM, Conley M, Lee YJ, Kirke PN, et al. Minimum •• effective dose of folic acid for food fortification to prevent neural tube defects. Lancet 1997; 350:1666-1669. This study suggests that safe doses of folic acid can be added to food and will result in a reduction in NTDs.
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Daly, S.1
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Can terathanasia explain the protective effect of folic acid supplementation on birth defects?
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Hook EB, Czeizal AE. Can terathanasia explain the protective effect of • folic acid supplementation on birth defects? Lancet 1997; 350:513-515. This study raises the possibilty of an association between folic acid and miscarriage.
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Hook, E.B.1
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Warkany J. Terathanasia. Teratology 1978; 17:187-192.
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Pregnancy outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation: Final report
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Cziezal AE, Dudas I, Metneki J. Pregnancy outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation: final report. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1994; 255:131-139.
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Folic acid and prevention of neural-tube defects
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Ward N, Hackshaw A. Folic acid and prevention of neural-tube defects •• [letter]. Lancet 1997; 350:665. An excellent letter arguing against an association of folic acid with miscarriage.
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Hurren C, Thorpe L, Veltman M, Fitzimon K, Elliott K. Folic acid and prevention of neural-tube defects [letter]. Lancet 1997; 350:664.
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Hurren, C.1
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