Qualitative research in medicine and health care: Questions and controversy

Journal of General Internal Medicine

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 32-38

  Poses, Roy M ^a,b   Isen, Alice M ^c  

^a MEMORIAL HOSPITAL OF RHODE ISLAND   (United States)

^b BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c The Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLINICAL OBSERVATION; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH SERVICE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METHODOLOGY; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; REVIEW;

HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH; HUMANS; QUALITY ASSURANCE, HEALTH CARE;

EID: 0031883755     PISSN: 08848734     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00005.x     Document Type: Review

References (66)

1. Berkwits M, Aronowitz R. Different questions beg different methods. J Gen Intern Med. 1995;10:409-10.
2. Inui T. The virtue of qualitative and quantitative research. Ann Intern Med. 1996;125:770-1.
3. Jones R. Why do qualitative research? It should begin to close the gap between the sciences of discovery and implementation. BMJ. 1995;311:2.
4. Oxman AD, Sackett DL, Guyatt GH, for the Evidence-Based Working Group. Users' guides to the medical literature, 1: how to get started. JAMA. 1993;270:2093-5.
5. Hull SA. The method of Balint group work and its contribution to research in general practice. Fam Pract. 1996;13:S10-2.
6. Helman C. The application of anthropological methods in general practice research. Fam Pract. 1996;13:S13-6.
7. McGee D, Reed D, Yano K. The results of logistic analyses when the variables are highly correlated: an empirical example using diet and CHD incidence. J Chron Dis. 1984;37:713-9.
8. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Report of the Task Force on Research in Epidemiology and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases. Washington, DC: National Institute of Health; 1994:59-61.
9. Zeger SL, Lian KY. Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics. 1986;42:121-30.
10. While D, Kelly S, Huang W, Charlton A. Cigarette advertising and onset of smoking in children: questionnaire survey. BMJ. 1996; 313:398-9.
11. Aitken PP, Eadie DR, Hastings GB, Haywood AJ. Predisposing effects of cigarette advertising on children's intentions to smoke when older. Br J Addict. 1991;86:383-90.
12. Unger JB, Johnson CA, Rohrbach LA. Recognition and liking of tobacco and alcohol advertisements among adolescents: relationship with susceptibility to substance use. Prev Med. 1995;24:461-6.
13. Klltzner M, Gruenewald PJ, Bamberger E. Cigarette advertising and adolescent experimentation with smoking. Br J Addict. 1991; 86:287-98.
14. Laugesen M, Meads C. Advertising, price, income and publicity effects on weekly cigarette sales in New Zealand supermarkets. Br J Addict. 1991;86:83-9.
15. McWhinney IR. 'An acquaintance with particulars . . .' Fam Med. 1989;21:297-8.
16. Pope C, Mays N. Reaching the parts other methods cannot: an introduction to qualitative methods in health and health services research. BMJ. 1995;311:42-5.
17. Gilchrist VJ, Engel JD. Qualitative research and clinical care. J Fam Pract. 1995;41:229-30.
18. Armstrong D. Measuring man: some problems of method. Fam Pract. 1996;13:S6-9.
19. Eraker SA, Kirscht JP, Becker MH. Understanding and improving patient compliance. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:258-68.
20. Stephenson BJ, Rowe BH, Haynes RB, Macharia WM, Leon G. Is the patient taking the treatment as prescribed? JAMA. 1993;269: 2779-81.
21. Bickman L, Henchy T. Beyond the Laboratory: Field Research in Social Psychology. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1971.
22. Isen AM. Positive affect, cognitive processes, and social behavior. In: Berkowitz L, ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1987;20:203-53.
23. Webb EJ. Unobstrusive Measures: Nonreactive Research in the Social Sciences. Chicago, Ill: Rand-McNally; 1966.
24. Eisenberg JM. Doctors' Decisions and the Cost of Medical Care. Ann Arbor, Mich: Health Administration Press Perspectives; 1986.
25. Bradley CP. Decision making and prescribing patterns - a literature review. Fam Pract. 1991;8:276-87.
26. Green LA, Becker MP. Physician decision making and variation in hospital admission rates for suspected acute cardiac ischemia: a tale of two towns. Med Care. 1994;32:1086-97.
27. VanMillenburg-van Zijl AJM, Simoons M, Bossuyt PMM, Taylor TR, Voerhoeck MS. Validation in the use of coronary angiography in patients with unstable angina is related to differences in patient population and availability of angiography facilities without affecting prognosis. Eur Heart J. 1996;17:1828-35.
28. Wachter RM, Luce J, Heerst N, Lo B. Decisions about resuscitation: inequities among patients with different diseases but similar prognoses. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:525-32.
29. Nightingale SD. Risk preference and laboratory use. Med Decis Making. 1987;7:168-73.
30. Heckerling PS, Tape TG, Wigtom RS. Relation of physicians predicted probabilities of pneumonia to their utilities for ordering chest x-rays to detect pneumonia. Med Decis Making. 1992;12: 32-8.
31. Tsevat J, Cook EF, Green ML, et al. Health values of the seriously ill. Ann Intern Med. 1994;122:514-20.
32. Hult JR, Bosch JL, Hunink MGM. Heterogeneity in the relationship between the standard-gamble utility measure and health-status dimensions. Med Decis Making. 1996;16:226-33.
33. Llewellyn-Thomas HA, Williams JI, Lew L, Naylor CD. Using a trade-off technique to assess patients' treatment preferences for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Med Decis Making. 1996;16:262-72.
34. Taylor SE. Health Psychology, 4th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; in press.
35. Aspinwall LG, Taylor SE. A stitch in time: self-regulation and proactive coping. Psychol Bull. 1997;121:417-36.
36. Rich JA, Stone DA. The experience of violent injury for young African-American men: the meaning of being a "sucker." J Gen Intern Med. 1996;11:77-82.
37. Kravitz RL, Callahan EJ, Peterniti D, Antonius D, Dunham M, Lewis CE. Prevalence and sources of patients' unmet expectations of care. Ann Intern Med. 1996;125:730-7.
38. Allery LA, Owen PA, Robling MR. Why general practitioners and consultants change their practice: a critical incident study. BMJ. 1997;314:870-4.
39. Poses RM. "The sucker notion." J Gen Intern Med. 1996;11:381-27.
40. Poses RM. Conclusions about why doctors change their practice were not supported by the data. BMJ. 1997;314:1908.
41. Als AB. The desk-top computer as a magic box: patterns of behavior connected with the desk-top computer: GP's and patients' perceptions. Fam Pract. 1997;14:17-23.
42. Inui TS, Frankel RM. Evaluating the quality of qualitative research: a proposal pro tem. J Gen Intern Med. 1991;6:485-6.
43. Reid AS. What we want: qualitative research. Can Fam Physician. 1996;42:387-9.
44. Shmerling A, Schattner P, Piterman L. Qualitative research in medical practice. Med J Aust. 1993;158:619-22.
45. Ryan K, Denz-Penhey H. Qualitative research in medical practice. N Z Med J. 1996;109:87-8.
46. Mays N, Pope C. Rigour and qualitative research. BMJ. 1995;311: 109-12.
47. Elder NC, Miller WL. Reviewing and evaluating qualitative research studies. J Fam Pract. 1995;41:279-85.
48. Britten N, Jones R, Murphy E, Stacy R. Qualitative research methods in general practice and primary care. Fam Pract. 1995; 12:104-14.
49. Goering PN, Streiner DL. Reconcilable difference: the marriage of qualitative methods. Can J Psychiatry. 1996;41:491-7.
50. Kuzel AJ, Engel JD, Addison RB, Bogdewic SP. Desirable features of qualitative research. Fam Pract Res J. 1994;14:369-78.
51. Miller WL, Crabtree BP. Qualitative analysis: how to begin to make sense. Fam Pract Res J. 1994;14:289-97.
52. Mays N, Pope C. Observational methods in health care settings. BMJ. 1995;311:182-4.
53. Britten N. Qualitative interviews in medical research. BMJ. 1995; 311:251-3.
54. Kitzinger J. Introducing focus groups. BMJ. 1995;311:299-302.
55. Jones J, Hunter D. Consensus methods for medical and health services research. BMJ. 1995;311:376-80.
56. Keen J, Packwood T. Case study evaluation. BMJ. 1995;311:444-6.
57. Frasier PY, Slatt L, Kowlowitz V, Kollisch DO, Mintzer M. Focus groups: a useful tool for curriculum evaluation. Fam Med. 1997; 29:500-7.
58. Fletcher RH, Fletcher SW, Wagner EW. Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams and Wilkins; 1993:12.
59. Isen AM, Hastorf AH. Some perspectives on cognitive social psychology. In: Hastorf AH, Isen AM, editors. Cognitive Social Psychology. New York, NY: Elsevier; 1982:1-33.
60. Griffiths F. Qualitative research: the research questions it can help answer, the methods it uses, the assumptions behind the research questions and what influences the direction of research: a summary of the panel discussion at the conference "Exploring qualitative research in general practice." Fam Pract. 1996;13:S27-30.
61. Henwood KL, Pidgeon NF. Qualitative research and psychological theorizing. Br J Psychol. 1992;83:97-111.
62. Gubrium JF. Qualitative research comes of age in gerontology. Gerontologist. 1992;32:581-2.
63. Murphy E, Mattson B. Qualitative research and family medicine: a marriage made in heaven? Fam Pract. 1992;9:85-91.
64. Britten N, Fisher B. Qualitative research and general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 1993;43:270-1.
65. Charon R, Greene MG, Adelman RD. Multi-dimensional interaction analysis: a collaborative approach to the study of medical discourse. Soc Sci Med. 1994;39:955-65.
66. Gehlbach SH. Interpreting the Medical Literature: Practical Epidemiology for Clinicians. 2nd ed. New York, NY: MacMillan Publishing Co; 1988:95.