Axial resolution in the fibre-optical confocal microscope

Bioimaging

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 98-103

  Sharma, M D ^a   Sheppard, C J R ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Axial resolution; Confocal microscopy; Optical fibres; Three dimensional imaging

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CALCULATION; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FIBEROSCOPE; IMAGE QUALITY; OPTICAL RESOLUTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING;

EID: 0031862180     PISSN: 09669051     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1361-6374(199806)6:2<98::AID-BIO5>3.3.CO;2-M     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Vaez-Irvani M 1986 Fibre-optic scanning differential interference contrast optical microscope Electron. Lett. 22 103-5
2. Fujii Y and Yamazaki Y 1990 A fibre-optic 3D microscope with high depth sensitivity J. Microsc. 158 145-51
3. Puppels G J, de Mul F F M, Otto C, Greve J, Robert-Nicoud M, Arndt-Jovin J and Jovin T M 1990 Studying single living cells and chromosomes by confocal Raman microspectrometry Nature 347 301-3
4. Gu M and Sheppard C J R 1991 Signal level of the fibre optical confocal scanning microscope J. Mod. Opt. 38 1621-30
5. Gu M, Sheppard C J R and Gan X 1991 Image formation in a fibre-optical confocal scanning microscope J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 8 1755-61
6. Kimura S and Wilson T 1991 Confocal scanning optical microscope using single-mode fiber for signal detection Appl. Opt. 30 2143-50
7. Barbillat J, Da Silva E and Roussel B 1991 Demonstration of low frequency performance and microanalysis capability of multi-channel Raman spectroscopy with near-infrared excitation Raman Spectrosc. 22 383-91
8. Ghiggino H, Harris M R and Spizzirri P G 1992 Fluorescent lifetime measurements using a novel fiber-optic laser scanning confocal microscope Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63 2999-3002
9. Dabbs T and Glass M 1992 Single-mode fibers used as confocal microscope pinholes Appl. Opt. 31 705-6
10. Gan X, Gu M and Sheppard C J R 1992 Fluorescent image formation in the fibre-optical confocal scanning microscope J. Mod. Opt. 39 825-34
11. Zhou H, Gu M and Sheppard C J R 1996 A compact confocal interference microscope based on a four-port single-mode fibre coupler Optik 103 45-8
12. Gu M and Sheppard C J R 1993 Experimental investigation of fibre-optical confocal scanning microscopy, including a comparison with pinhole detection Micron 24 557-65
13. Gu M and Sheppard C J R 1993 Fibre-optical confocal scanning interference microscopy Opt. Commun. 100 79-86
14. Török P and Wilson T 1997 Rigorous theory for axial resolution in confocal microscopes Opt. Commun. 137 127-35
15. Sheppard C J R and Wilson T 1981 Effects of high angles of convergence on V(z) in the scanning acoustic microscope Appl. Phys. Lett. 38 858-9
16. Cox I J, Hamilton D K and Sheppard C J R 1982 Observation of optical signatures of materials Appl. Phys. Lett. 41 604-6
17. Sheppard C J R and Gu M 1992 Axial imaging through an aberrating layer of water in confocal microscopy Opt. Commun. 88 180-90
18. Sheppard C J R, Connolly T J, Lee J and Cogswell C 1994 Confocal imaging of a stratified medium Appl. Opt. 33 631-40
19. Sheppard C J R and Gu M 1993 Imaging by a high aperture optical system J. Mod. Opt. 40 1631-51
20. Wilson T and Carlini A R 1988 Three-dimensional imaging in confocal imaging system with finite sized detectors J. Microsc. 149 51-66
21. Gauderon R and Sheppard C 1998 Signal level in a confocal scanning microscope using step-index optical fibres J. Mod. Opt. 45 529-37
22. Cox IJ and Sheppard C J R 1986 Information capacity and resolution in an optical system J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3 1152-8
23. Sheppard C J R and Gu M 1994 Imaging performance of confocal fluorescence microscopes with finite-sized source J. Mod. Opt. 41 1521-30
24. Sheppard C J R, Gu M and Roy M 1992 Signal to noise ratio in confocal microscope systems J. Microsc. 168 209-18
25. Gan X and Sheppard C J R 1993 Detectability: a new criterion for evaluation of the confocal microscope Scanning 15 187-92
26. Tien P K 1971 Light waves in thin films and integrated optics Appl. Opt. 10 2395-413
27. Sheppard C J R and Hrynevych M 1992 Diffraction by a circular aperture: a generalization of Fresnel diffraction theory J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 9 274-81