Atmospheric measurements by the MLS experiments: results from UARS and plans for the future

Advances in Space Research

Volumn 21, Issue 10, 1998, Pages 1363-1372

  Waters, Joe W ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER; UARS;

EID: 0031825258     PISSN: 02731177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00744-8     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Aellig, C. P., N. Kämpfer, C. Rudin, R. M. Bevilacqua, W. Degenhardt, P. Hartogh, C. Jarchow, K. Künzi, J. J. Olivero, C. Croskey, J. W. Waters, and H. A. Michelsen, Latitudinal distribution of upper stratospheric ClO as derived from space borne microwave spectroscopy, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2321-2324, 1996.
2. Alexander, M. J., A model of non-stationary gravity waves in the stratosphere and comparison to observations, in Gravity Wave Processes and Their Parameterization in Global Climate Models, edited by K. Hamilton. Springler-Verlag NATO ASI Series, New York, in press 1997.
3. Allen, D. R., J. L. Stanford, L. S. Elson, E. F. Fishbein, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, The 4-day wave as observed from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., in press 1997.
4. Barath, F. T., M. C. Chavez, R. E. Cofield, D. A. Flower, M. A. Frerking, M. B. Gram, W. M. Harris, J. R. Holden, R. F. Jarnot, W. G. Kloezeman, G. J. Klose, G. K. Lau, M. S. Loo, B. J. Maddison, R. J. Mattauch, R. P. McKinney, G. E. Peckham, H. M. Pickett, G. Siebes, F. S. Soltis, R. A. Suttie, J. A. Tarsala, J. W. Waters, and W. J. Wilson, The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder Instrument, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10,751-10,762, 1993.
5. Bell, W., N. A. Martin, T. D. Gardiner, N. R. Swann, P. T. Woods, P. F. Fogal, and J. W. Waters, Column measurements of stratospheric trace species over Åre, Sweden in the winter of 1991-92, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1347-1350, 1994.
6. Brown, E. R., K. A. McIntosh, K. B. Nichols, and C. L. Dennis, Photomixing up to 3.8 THz in low-temperature-grown GaAs, Appl. Phys. Lett., 66, 285-287, 1995.
7. Canziani, P. O., J. R. Holton, E. F. Fishbein, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, Equatorial Kelvin Waves: A UARS MLS View, Journal of Atmos Sci. (special issue on UARS early scientific results), 51, 3053-3076, 1994.
8. Canziani, P. O., J. R. Holton, E. Fishbein, and L. Froidevaux, Equatorial Kelvin wave variability during 1992 and 1993, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5193-5202, 1995.
9. Carr, E. S., R. S. Harwood, P. W. Mote, G. E. Peckham, R. A. Suttie, W. A. Lahoz, A. O'Neill, L. Froidevaux, R. F. Jarnot, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, and R. Swinbank, Tropical stratospheric water vapor measured by the microwave limb sounder (MLS), Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 691-694, 1995.
10. Chandra, S., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, O. R. White, G. J. Rottman, D. K. Prinz, J. W. Waters, and G. E. Brueckner, Ozone variability in the upper stratosphere during the declining phase of solar cycle 22, Geophys. Res. Lett.,23, pp. 2935-2938, 1996.
11. Chipperfield, M., Satellite maps ozone destroyer, Nature, 362, 592-593, 1993.
12. Chipperfield, M. P., M. L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, G. L. Manney, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, A. E. Roche, and J. M. Russell, Analyses of UARS data in the southern polar vortex in September 1992 using a chemical transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18,861-18,881, 1996.
13. Crewell, S., R. Fabian, K. Künzi, H. Nett, T. Wehr, W. Read, and J. Waters, Comparison of ClO measurements made by airborne and spaceborne microwave radiometers in the Arctic winter stratosphere 1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1489-1492, 1995.
14. Croskey, C. L., N. Kämpfer, R. M. Bevilacqua, G. K. Hartmann, K. F. Kunzi, P. R. Schwartz, J. J. Olivero, S. E. Puliafito, C. Aellig, G. Umlauft, W. B. Waltman, and W. Degenhardt, The Millimeter Wave Atmospheric Sounder (MAS): A shuttle-based remote sensing experiment, IEEE Trans. MTT, 40, 1090-1100, 1992.
15. Cunnold, D., H. Wang, W. P. Chu, and L. Froidevaux, Comparisons between Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II and microwave limb sounder ozone measurements and aliasing of SAGE II ozone trends in the lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,061-10,075, 1996a.
16. Cunnold, D., L. Froidevaux, J. M. Russell, B. Connor, and A. Roche, Overview of UARS ozone validation based primarily on intercomparisons among UARS and Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,335-10,350, 1996b.
17. 2 from UARS and implications for stratospheric chlorine partitioning, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1721-1724, 1995.
18. 2 , J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12,515-12,521, 1996a.
19. 2 at 40 and 46 km and implications for the 'ozone deficit', Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 339 342, 1996b.
20. Douglass, A., R. Rood, J. Waters, L. Froidevaux, W. Read, L. Elson, M. Geller, Y. Chi, M. Cerniglia, and S. Steenrod, A 3D simulation of the early winter distribution of reactive chlorine in the north polar vortex, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1271-1274, 1993.
21. 2 in the polar vortices, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,967-13,978, 1995.
22. Eckman, R. S., W. L. Grose, R. E. Turner, W. T. Blackshear, J. M. Russell III, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, J. B. Kumer, and A. E. Roche, Stratospheric trace constituents simulated by a three-dimensional general circulation model: Comparison with UARS data, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,951-13,966, 1995.
23. Elson, L. S., and L. Froidevaux, The use of Fourier transforms for asynoptic mapping: Early results from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite Microwave Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 23,039-23,049, 1993.
24. Elson, L. S., G. L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, Large-scale variations in ozone from the first two years of UARS MLS data, Journal of Atmos Sci. (special issue on UARS early scientific results), 51, 2867-2876, 1994.
25. Elson, L. S., W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, P. W. Mote, J. S. Kinnersley, and R. S. Harwood, Space-time variations in water vapor as observed by the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9001-9015, 1996.
26. Eluszkiewicz, J., D. Crisp, R. W. Zurek, L. S. Elson, E. F. Fishbein, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, R. Grainger, A. Lambert, R. S. Harwood, and G. E. Peckham, Residual circulation in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere as diagnosed from Microwave Limb Sounder data, J. Atmos Sci., 53, 217-240, 1996.
27. 3 during the 1992 southern winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1255-1258, 1993.
28. Fishbein, E. F., R. E. Cofield, L. Froidevaux, R. F. Jarnot, T. A. Lungu, W. G. Read, Z. Shippony, J. W. Waters, I. S. McDermid, T. J. McGee, U. Singh, M. Gross, A. Hauchecorne, P. Keckhut, M. E. Gelman, and R. M. Nagatani, Validation of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder temperature and pressure measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9938-10,016, 1996.
29. Froidevaux, L., J. W. Waters, W. G. Read, L. S. Elson, W. G. Read, D. A. Flower, and R. F. Jarnot, Global ozone observations from UARS MLS: an overview of zonal mean results, Journal of Atmos Sci. (special issue on UARS early scientific results), 51, 2846-2866, 1994.
30. Froidevaux, L., W. G. Read, T. A. Lungu, R. E. Cofield, E. F. Fishbein, D. A. Flower, R. F. Jarnot, B. P. Ridenoure, Z. Shippony, J. W. Waters, J. J. Margitan, I. S. McDermid, R. A. Stachnik, G. E. Peckham, G. Braathen, T. Deshler, J. Fishman, D. J. Hofmann, and S. J. Oltmans, Validation of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,017-10,060, 1996.
31. Geller, M. A., Y. Chi, R. B. Rood, A. R. Douglass, D. J. Allen, M. Cerniglia, and J. W. Waters, 3-D transport-chemistry studies of the stratosphere using satellite data together with data assimilation, in The Role of the Stratosphere in Global Change, edited by M.-L. Chanin. Springier-Verlag NATO ASI Series, Vol. 18, New York, 1993.
32. 2 , HCl, and ClO measurements in early winter: Additional verification of the paradigm for chlorine activation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2937-2940, 1995.
33. Harwood, R. S., E. S. Carr, L. Froidevaux, R. F. Jarnot, W. A. Lahoz, C. L. Lau, G. E. Peckham, W. G. Read, P. D. Ricaud, R. A. Suttie, and J. W. Waters, Springtime stratospheric water vapour in the southern hemisphere as measured by MLS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1235-1238, 1993.
34. Jackman, C. H., E. L. Fleming, S. Chandra, D. B. Considine, and J. E. Rosenfield, Past, present, and future modeled ozone trends with comparisons to observed trends, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 28,753-28,767, 1996.
35. Jarnot, R. F., R. E. Cofield, J. W. Waters, G. E. Peckham, and D. A. Flower, Calibration of the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9957-9982, 1996.
36. 2 O and potential vorticity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(20), 2671-2674, 1993.
37. Lahoz, W. A., A. O'Neill, E. S. Carr, R. S. Harwood, L. Froidevaux, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, A. E. Roche, G. E. Peckham, and R. Swinbank, Three-dimensional evolution of water vapour distributions in the northern hemisphere as observed by MLS, Journal of Atmos Sci. (special issue on UARS early scientific results), 51, 2914-2930, 1994.
38. 2 O measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,129-10,149, 1996a.
39. Lahoz, W. A., A. O'Neill, A. Heaps, V. D. Pope, R. Swinbank, R. S. Harwood, L. Froidevaux, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, and G. E. Peckham, Vortex dynamics and the evolution of water vapour in the stratosphere of the southern hemisphere, Q. J. Roy. Met Soc., 122, 423 450, 1996b.
40. Lefèvre, F., G. P. Brasseur, I. Folkins, A. K. Smith, and P. Simon, Chemistry of the 1991-92 stratospheric winter: Three-dimensional model simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8183-8195, 1994.
41. Limpasuvan, V., and C. B. Leovy, Observations of the two-day wave near the southern summer stratopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2385-2388, 1995.
42. Mackenzie, I., R. S. Harwood, L. Froidevaux, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, Chemical loss of polar vortex ozone inferred from UARS MLS measurements of ClO during the Arctic and Antarctic springs of 1993, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14,505-14518, 1996.
43. Manney, G. L., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, L. S. Elson, E. F. Fishbein, R. W. Zurek, R. S. Harwood, and W. A. Lahoz, The evolution of ozone observed by UARS MLS in the 1992 late winter southern polar vortex, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1279-1282, 1993.
44. Manney, G. L., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, R. W. Zurek, W. G. Read, L. S. Elson, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, A. E. Roche, A. O'Neill, R. S. Harwood, I. MacKenzie, and R. Swinbank, Chemical depletion of ozone in the Arctic lower stratosphere during winter 1992-93, Nature, 370, 429-434, 1994.
45. Manney, G. L., R. W. Zurek, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, Evidence for arctic ozone depletion in late February and early March 1994, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2941-2944, 1995a.
46. Manney, G. L., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, and R. W. Zurek, Evolution of microwave limb sounder ozone and the polar vortex during winter, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 2953-2972, 1995b.
47. Manney, G. L., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, R. W. Zurek, J. C. Gille, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, A. E. Roche, A. O'Neill, and R. Swinbank, Formation of low ozone pockets in the middle stratosphere anticyclone during winter, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 13,939-13,950, 1995c.
48. Manney, G. L., R. W. Zurek, W. A. Lahoz, R. S. Harwood, J. B. Kumer, J. Mergenthaler, A. E. Roche, A. O'Neill, R. Swinbank, and J. W. Waters, Lagrangian transport calculations using UARS data. Part I. : Passive tracers, Journal of Atmos Sci., 52, 3049-3068, 1995d.
49. Manney, G. L., R. W. Zurek, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, A. O'Neill, and R. Swinbank, Lagrangian transport calculations using UARS data. Part II: Ozone, Journal of Atmos Sci., 52, 3069-3081, 1995e.
50. Manney, G. L., L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, M. L. Santee, W. G. Read, D. A. Flower, R. F. Jarnot, and R. W. Zurek, Arctic ozone depletion observed by UARS MLS during the 1994-95 winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 85-88, 1996a.
51. Manney, G. L., M. L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, and R. W. Zurek, Polar vortex conditions during the 1995-96 arctic winter: Meteorology and MLS ozone, Geophys. Res, Lett., 23, 3203-3206, 1996b.
52. McGrath, W. R., Novel hot-electron bolometer mixers for submillimeter applications: An overview of recent developments, in URSI International Symposium on Signals, Systems, and Electronics, pp. 147-152, 1995.
53. Morris, G. A., M. R. Schoeberl, L. Sparling, P. A. Newman, L. R. Lait, L. S. Elson, J. W. Waters, A. E. Roche, J. B. Kumer, and J. M. Russell, Trajectory mapping of Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) data, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,491-16,505, 1995.
54. Mote, P. W., K. H. Rosenlof, J. R. Holton, R. S. Harwood, and J. W. Waters, Seasonal variation of water vapour in the tropical lower stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1093-1096, 1995.
55. Mote, P. W., K. H. Rosenlof, M. E. McIntyre, E. S. Carr, J. R. Holton, J. S. Kinnersley, H. C. Pumphrey, J. M. Russell III, J. W. Waters, and J. C. Gille, An atmospheric tape recorder: the imprint of tropical tropopause temperatures on stratospheric water vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3989-4006, 1996.
56. Newell, R. E., Y. Zhu, E. V. Browell, S. Ismail, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, K. K. Kelly, and S. C. Liu, Upper tropospheric water vapor and cirrus: Comparison of DC-8 Observations, preliminary UARS microwave limb sounder measurements and meteorological analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 101,1931-1941, 1996a.
57. Newell, R. E., Y. Zhu, E. V. Browell, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, Walker circulation and tropical upper tropospheric water vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 1961-1974, 1996b.
58. Newell, R. E., Y. Zhu, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, Relationship between tropical upper tropospheric moisture and eastern tropical Pacific sea surface temperature at seasonal and interannual time scales, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 25-28, 1997.
59. Oh, J. J., and E. A. Cohen, Pressure broadening of ozone lines near 184 and 206 GHz by nitrogen and oxygen, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 48, 405-408, 1992.
60. 2 near 204 and 649 GHz and new frequency measurements between 632 and 725 GHz, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 54, 151-156, 1994.
61. Orsolini, Y. J., G. Hansen, U. Hoppe, G. L. Manney, and K. Fricke, Dynamical modelling of wintertime lidar observations in the arctic: ozone laminae and ozone depletion, Q. J. Roy. Met. Soc., in press 1997.
62. Pickett, H. M., D. E. Brinza, and E. A. Cohen, Pressure broadening of ClO by nitrogen, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 7279-7282, 1981.
63. Pickett, H. M., R. L. Poynter, and E. A. Cohen, Submillimeter, millimeter and microwave spectral line catalog, Tech. Rep. 80-23, rev. 3, Jet Prop. Lab., Pasadena, Calif., 1992.
64. Pickett, H. M., J. C. Pearson, and S. Dubovitsky, Generation and control of submillimeter radiation with locked DBR diode lasers, paper FA02, in 51st Int. Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. 1996.
65. Poynter, R. L., and H. M. Pickett, Submillimeter, millimeter and microwave spectral line catalog, Appl. Opt., 24, 2235-2240, 1985.
66. Randel, W. J., J. C. Gille, A. E. Roche, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, J. W. Waters, E. F. Fishbein, and W. A. Lahoz, Stratospheric transport from the tropics to middle latitudes by planetary-wave mixing, Nature, 365, 533-535, 1993.
67. Randel, W. J., F. Wu, J. M. Russell III, J. W. Waters, and L. Froidevaux, Ozone and temperature changes in the stratosphere following the eruption of Mount Pinatubo, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,753-16,754, 1995.
68. Ray, E., J. R. Holton, E. F. Fishbein, L. Froidevaux, and J. W. Waters, The tropical semiannual oscillation in temperature and ozone observed by the MLS, Journal of Atmos Sci. (special issue on UARS early scientific results), 51, 3045-3052, 1994.
69. 2 from Mt. Pinatubo volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1299-1302, 1993.
70. Read, W. G., J. W. Waters, L. Froidevaux, D. A. Flower, R. F. Jarnot, D. L. Hartmann, R. S. Harwood, and R. B. Rood, Upper-tropospheric water vapor from UARS MLS, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 76, 2381-2389, 1995.
71. Reber, C. A., The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1215-1218, 1993.
72. Reber, C. A., C. E. Trevathan, R. J. McNeal, and M. R. Luther, The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) mission, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10,643-10,647, 1993.
73. 3 soundings compared with lidar measurements using the conservative coordinates reconstruction technique, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1535-1538, 1994.
74. Ricaud, P., J. de La Noë, B. J. Connor, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, R. S. Harwood, I. A. MacKenzie, and G. E. Peckham, Diurnal variability of mesospheric ozone as measured by the UARS microwave limb sounder instrument: Theoretical and ground-based validations, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,077-10,089, 1996.
75. Ricaud, P. D., E. S. Carr, R. S. Harwood, W. A. Lahoz, L. Froidevaux, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, J. L. Mergenthaler, J. B. Kumer, A. E. Roche, and G. E. Peckham, Polar stratospheric clouds as deduced from MLS and CLAES measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2033-2036, 1995.
76. Rosenlof, K. H., Seasonal cycle of the residual mean meridional circulation in the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5173-5191, 1995.
77. 3 , Science, 267, 849-852, 1995.
78. Santee, M. L., L. Froidevaux, G. L. Manney, W. G. Read, J. W. Waters, M. P. Chipperfield, A. E. Roche, J. B. Kumer, J. L. Mergenthaler, and J M Russell III, Chlorine deactivation in the lower stratospheric polar regions during late winter: Results from UARS, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18,835-18,859, 1996a.
79. 3 , Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3207-3210, 1996b.
80. Schoeberl, M. R., R. S. Stolarski, A. R. Douglass, P. A. Newman, L. R. Lait, J. W. Waters, L. Froidevaux, and W. G. Read, MLS ClO observations and arctic polar vortex temperatures, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2861-2864, 1993.
81. Schoeberl, M. R., A. R. Douglass, S. R. Kawa, A. E. Dessler, P. A. Newman, R. S. Stolarski, A. E. Roche, L. Froidevaux, J. W. Waters, and J. M. Russell III, The development of the Antarctic ozone hole, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 20,909-20,924, 1996.
82. Schoeberl, M. R., A. E. Roche, J. M. Russell III, D. Ortland, P. B. Hays, and J. W. Waters, An estimation of the dynamical isolation of the tropical lower stratosphere using UARS wind and trace gas observations of the quasi-biennial oscillation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 53-56, 1997.
83. Siegel, P. H., I. Mehdi, R. J. Dengler, J. E. Oswald, A. Pease, T. W. Crowe, W. Bishop, Y. Li, R. J. Mattauch, S. Weinreb, J. East, and T. Lee, Heterodyne radiometer development for the Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder, in Infrared and Millimeter-Wave Engineering, SPIE vol. 1874, pp. 124-137, 1993.
84. Singh, U. N., P. Keckhut, T. J. McGee, M. R. Gross, A. Hauchecorne, E. F. Fishbein, J. W. Waters, J. C. Gille, A. E. Roche, and J. M. Russel, Stratospheric temperature measurements by two collocated NDSC lidar during UARS validation campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,287-10,297, 1996.
85. 2 : First results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 1931-1934, 1992.
86. Stone, E. M., J. L. Stanford, J. R. Ziemke, D. R. Allen, F. W. Taylor, C. D. Rodgers, B. N. Lawrence, E. F. Fishbein, L. S. Elson, and J. W. Waters, Space-time integrity of improved stratospheric and mesospheric sounder and microwave limb sounder temperature fields at Kelvin wave scales, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 14,089-14,096, 1995.
87. Stone, E. M., W. J. Randel, J. L. Stanford, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, Baroclinic wave variations observed in MLS upper tropospheric water vapor, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2967-2970, 1996.
88. Waters, J. W., Microwave limb-sounding of Earth's upper atmosphere, Atmos. Res., 23, 391-410, 1989.
89. Waters, J. W., Submillimeter heterodyne spectroscopy and remote sensing of the upper atmosphere, IEEE Proc., 80, 1679-1701, 1992a.
90. Waters, J. W., Submillimeter Heterodyne Spectroscopy and Remote Sensing of the Upper Atmosphere, in The use of EOS for Studies of Atmospheric Physics, edited by J. C. Gille, and G. Visconti, pp. 491-579. North Holland Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992b.
91. Waters, J. W., Microwave Limb Sounding, in Atmospheric Remote Sensing by Microwave Radiometry, edited by M. A. Janssen, chap. 8, John Wiley, New York, 1993.
92. Waters, J. W., The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS), in The Stratosphere and Its Role in the Climate System, edited by G. P. Brasseur. Springler-Verlag NATO ASI Series, New York, in press 1997.
93. Waters, J. W., J. J. Gustincic, R. K. Kakar, H. K. Roscoe, P. N. Swanson, T. G. Phillips, T. DeGraauw, A. R. Kerr, and R. J. Mattauch, Aircraft search for millimeter wavelength emission by stratospheric ClO, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 6934, 1979.
94. 2 O emission at 183 GHz, in Atmospheric Water Vapor, edited by Wilkerson, and Ruhnke, pp. 229-240. Academic Press, New York, 1980.
95. Waters, J. W., J. C. Hardy, R. F. Jarnot, and H. M. Pickett, Chlorine monoxide radical, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide: Stratospheric measurements by microwave limb sounding, Science, 214, 61-64, 1981.
96. Waters, J. W., J. C. Hardy, R. F. Jarnot, H. M. Pickett, and P. Zimmermann, A balloon-borne microwave limb sounder for stratospheric measurements, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 32, 407-439, 1984.
97. 3 stratospheric profiles: Balloon microwave measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 780-783, 1988.
98. 3 in the 1992 southern hemisphere winter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1219-1222, 1993a.
99. Waters, J. W., L. Froidevaux, W. G. Read, G. L. Manney, L. S. Elson, D. A. Flower, R. F. Jarnot, and R. S. Harwood, Stratospheric ClO and ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite, Nature, 362, 597-602, 1993b.
100. Waters, J. W., G. L. Manney, W. G. Read, L. Froidevaux, D. A. Flower, and R. F. Jarnot, UARS MLS observations of lower stratospheric ClO in the 1992-93 and 1993-94 arctic winter vortices, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 823-826, 1995.
101. Waters, J. W., W. G. Read, L. Froidevaux, T. A. Lungu, V. S. Perun, R. A. Stachnik, R. F. Jarnot, R. E. Cofield, E. F. Fishbein, D. A. Flower, J. R. Burke, J. C. Hardy, L. L. Nakamura, B. P. Ridenoure, Z. Shippony, R. P. Thurstans, L. M. Avallone, D. W. Toohey, R. L. deZafra, and D. T. Shindell, Validation of UARS Microwave Limb Sounder ClO measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10,091-10,127, 1996.
102. Weinreb, S., Millimeter-wave focal-plane array MMIC radiometers for atmospheric monitoring, in URSI Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of Environment. 1996.
103. Wild, J. D., M. E. Gelman, A. J. Miller, M. L. Chanin, A. Hauchecorne, P. Keckhut, R. Farley, P. D. Dao, J. W. Meriwether, G. P. Gobbi, F. Congeduti, A. Adriani, I. S. McDermid, T. J. McGee, and E. F. Fishbein, Comparison of stratospheric temperature from several lidars, using National Meteorological Center and Microwave Limb Sounder data as transfer references, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,105-11,111, 1995.
104. Wu, D. L., and J. W. Waters, Gravity-wave-scale temperature fluctuations seen by the UARS MLS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3289-3292, 1996a.
105. Wu, D. L., and J. W. Waters, Satellite observations of atmospheric variances: a possible indication of gravity waves, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 3631-3634, 1996b.
106. Wu, D. L., and J. W. Waters, Observations of gravity waves with the UARS Microwave Limb Sounder, in Gravity Wave Processes and Their Parameterization in Global Climate Models, edited by K. Hamilton. Springier-Verlag NATO ASI Series, New York, in press 1997.
107. Wu, D. L., E. F. Fishbein, W. G. Read, and J. W. Waters, Excitation and evolution of the quasi 2-day wave observed in UARS/MLS temperature measurements, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 728-738, 1996.
108. Ziemke, J. R., S. Chandra, A. M. Thompson, and D. P. McNamara, Zonal asymmetries in southern hemisphere column ozone: Implications of biomass burning, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 14,421-14,427, 1996.