메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 283-296

The temporal profile and morphologic features of neuronal death in human stroke resemble those observed in experimental forebrain ischemia: The potential role of apoptosis

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Cell death; Cerebral ischemia; Human; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL TISSUE; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; FOREBRAIN; MALE; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NONHUMAN; RAT; STROKE;

EID: 0031806464     PISSN: 01616412     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01616412.1998.11740520     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0025881551 scopus 로고
    • Selective vulnerability of the hippocampus in brain ischemia
    • Kastner RS, Freund TF. Selective vulnerability of the hippocampus in brain ischemia. Neurosci 1991; 40: 599-636
    • (1991) Neurosci , vol.40 , pp. 599-636
    • Kastner, R.S.1    Freund, T.F.2
  • 2
    • 0030047274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Very delayed infarction after mild focal cerebral ischemia: A role of apoptosis
    • Du C, Hu R, Csernansky C, Hsu C, Choi D. Very delayed infarction after mild focal cerebral ischemia: A role of apoptosis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996; 16: 195-201
    • (1996) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.16 , pp. 195-201
    • Du, C.1    Hu, R.2    Csernansky, C.3    Hsu, C.4    Choi, D.5
  • 3
    • 0027369909 scopus 로고
    • Regional variability in DNA fragmentation after global ischemia evidenced by combined histological and gel electrophoresis observations in the brain
    • Heron A, Pollard H, Dessi F, Moreau J, Lasbennes F, Ben-Ari Y, Charriaut-Marlangue C. Regional variability in DNA fragmentation after global ischemia evidenced by combined histological and gel electrophoresis observations in the brain. J Neurochem 1993; 61: 1973-1976
    • (1993) J Neurochem , vol.61 , pp. 1973-1976
    • Heron, A.1    Pollard, H.2    Dessi, F.3    Moreau, J.4    Lasbennes, F.5    Ben-Ari, Y.6    Charriaut-Marlangue, C.7
  • 4
    • 0021260484 scopus 로고
    • Delayed neuronal death in the rat hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia
    • Kirino T, Tamura A, Sano K. Delayed neuronal death in the rat hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia. Acta Neuropathol 1984; 64: 139-147
    • (1984) Acta Neuropathol , vol.64 , pp. 139-147
    • Kirino, T.1    Tamura, A.2    Sano, K.3
  • 5
    • 0028905230 scopus 로고
    • Temporal profile of in situ DNA fragmentation after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat
    • Li Y, Chopp M, Jiang N, Yao F, Zaloga C. Temporal profile of in situ DNA fragmentation after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1995; 15: 389-397
    • (1995) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.15 , pp. 389-397
    • Li, Y.1    Chopp, M.2    Jiang, N.3    Yao, F.4    Zaloga, C.5
  • 6
    • 0029001888 scopus 로고
    • Induction of DNA fragmentation after 10 to 120 minutes of focal cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Li Y, Chopp M, Jiang N, Zhang ZG, Zaloga C. Induction of DNA fragmentation after 10 to 120 minutes of focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke 1995; 26: 1252-1258
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 1252-1258
    • Li, Y.1    Chopp, M.2    Jiang, N.3    Zhang, Z.G.4    Zaloga, C.5
  • 7
    • 0027714833 scopus 로고
    • Global ischemia can cause DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis in rat brain
    • MacManus JP, Buchan AM, Hill IE, Rasquinha I, Preston E. Global ischemia can cause DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis in rat brain. Neurosci Lett 1993; 164: 89-92
    • (1993) Neurosci Lett , vol.164 , pp. 89-92
    • MacManus, J.P.1    Buchan, A.M.2    Hill, I.E.3    Rasquinha, I.4    Preston, E.5
  • 8
  • 9
    • 0027724039 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis and necrosisbasic types and mechanisms of cell death
    • Buja LM, Eigenbrodt ML, Eigenbrodt EH. Apoptosis and necrosisbasic types and mechanisms of cell death. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1993; 117: 1208-1214
    • (1993) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.117 , pp. 1208-1214
    • Buja, L.M.1    Eigenbrodt, M.L.2    Eigenbrodt, E.H.3
  • 10
    • 0026648674 scopus 로고
    • Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation
    • Gavrieli Y, Sherman Y, Ben-Sasson SA. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J Cell Biol 1992; 119: 493-501
    • (1992) J Cell Biol , vol.119 , pp. 493-501
    • Gavrieli, Y.1    Sherman, Y.2    Ben-Sasson, S.A.3
  • 11
    • 0026472129 scopus 로고
    • Delayed neuronal death and delayed neuronal recovery in the human brain following global ischemia
    • Horn M, Schlote W. Delayed neuronal death and delayed neuronal recovery in the human brain following global ischemia. A Neuropathol 1992; 85: 79-87
    • (1992) A Neuropathol , vol.85 , pp. 79-87
    • Horn, M.1    Schlote, W.2
  • 12
    • 0026782517 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia, part II: Mechanisms of damage and treatment
    • Siesjo BK. Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia, part II: Mechanisms of damage and treatment. J Neurosurg 1992; 77: 337-354
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.77 , pp. 337-354
    • Siesjo, B.K.1
  • 13
    • 0024805137 scopus 로고
    • Rodent models of cerebral ischemia
    • Ginsberg MD, Busto R. Rodent models of cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1989; 20: 1627-1642
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 1627-1642
    • Ginsberg, M.D.1    Busto, R.2
  • 14
    • 0028870991 scopus 로고
    • N-acetylcysteine enhances hippocampal neuronal survival after transient forebrain ischemia in rats
    • Knuckey NW, Palm D, Primiano M, Epstein MH, Johanson CE. N-acetylcysteine enhances hippocampal neuronal survival after transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Stroke 1995; 26: 305-311
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 305-311
    • Knuckey, N.W.1    Palm, D.2    Primiano, M.3    Epstein, M.H.4    Johanson, C.E.5
  • 16
    • 0021288254 scopus 로고
    • Light and electron microscope analysis of lectin binding to adult rat liver in situ
    • McMillan PN, Ferayorni LS, Gerhardt CO, Jauregui HO. Light and electron microscope analysis of lectin binding to adult rat liver in situ. Lab Invest 1994; 50: 408-420
    • (1994) Lab Invest , vol.50 , pp. 408-420
    • McMillan, P.N.1    Ferayorni, L.S.2    Gerhardt, C.O.3    Jauregui, H.O.4
  • 17
    • 52649114611 scopus 로고
    • The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy
    • Reynolds ES. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 1968; 17: 208-212
    • (1968) J Cell Biol , vol.17 , pp. 208-212
    • Reynolds, E.S.1
  • 18
    • 0014444144 scopus 로고
    • A low viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy
    • Spurr AR. A low viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. J Ultrastruct Res 1969; 26: 31-43
    • (1969) J Ultrastruct Res , vol.26 , pp. 31-43
    • Spurr, A.R.1
  • 19
    • 78651163910 scopus 로고
    • An improved staining method for electron microscopy
    • Stempak JG, Ward RT. An improved staining method for electron microscopy. J Cell Biol 1964; 22: 697-701
    • (1964) J Cell Biol , vol.22 , pp. 697-701
    • Stempak, J.G.1    Ward, R.T.2
  • 20
    • 0016197163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral infarction: Evolution of histopathological changes after occlusion of a middle cerebral artery in primates
    • Garcia JH, Kamijyo Y. Cerebral infarction: Evolution of histopathological changes after occlusion of a middle cerebral artery in primates. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1997; 33: 408-421
    • (1997) J Neuropathol Exp Neurol , vol.33 , pp. 408-421
    • Garcia, J.H.1    Kamijyo, Y.2
  • 22
    • 0026777223 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia, part I: Pathophysiology
    • Siesjo BK. Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia, part I: Pathophysiology. J Neurosurg 1992; 77: 169-184
    • (1992) J Neurosurg , vol.77 , pp. 169-184
    • Siesjo, B.K.1
  • 26
    • 0020051129 scopus 로고
    • Delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus following ischemia
    • Kirino T. Delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus following ischemia. Brain Res 1982; 239: 57-69
    • (1982) Brain Res , vol.239 , pp. 57-69
    • Kirino, T.1
  • 27
    • 6544257670 scopus 로고
    • Delayed metabolic change induced by 5-min of ischemic gerbil brain
    • Arai H, Lust WD, Passonneau JV. Delayed metabolic change induced by 5-min of ischemic gerbil brain. Trans Am Soc Neurochem 1982; 13: 17
    • (1982) Trans Am Soc Neurochem , vol.13 , pp. 17
    • Arai, H.1    Lust, W.D.2    Passonneau, J.V.3
  • 28
    • 0022939374 scopus 로고
    • Energy metabolism in delayed neuronal death of CA1 neurons of the hippocampus following transient ischemia in the gerbil
    • Arai H, Passonneau JV, Lust WD. Energy metabolism in delayed neuronal death of CA1 neurons of the hippocampus following transient ischemia in the gerbil. Metab Brain Dis 1986; 1: 263-268
    • (1986) Metab Brain Dis , vol.1 , pp. 263-268
    • Arai, H.1    Passonneau, J.V.2    Lust, W.D.3
  • 29
    • 0023214312 scopus 로고
    • Effect of 5-minute ischemia on regional pH and energy state of the gerbil brain: Relation to selective vulnerability of the hippocampus
    • Munekata K, Hossmann KA. Effect of 5-minute ischemia on regional pH and energy state of the gerbil brain: Relation to selective vulnerability of the hippocampus. Stroke 1987; 18: 412-417
    • (1987) Stroke , vol.18 , pp. 412-417
    • Munekata, K.1    Hossmann, K.A.2
  • 30
    • 0020584664 scopus 로고
    • Regional energy balance in rat brain after transient forebrain ischemia
    • Pulsinelli WA, Duffy TE. Regional energy balance in rat brain after transient forebrain ischemia. J Neurochem 1983; 40: 1500-1503
    • (1983) J Neurochem , vol.40 , pp. 1500-1503
    • Pulsinelli, W.A.1    Duffy, T.E.2
  • 31
    • 0005438737 scopus 로고
    • A modified four-vessel occlusion model for inducing incomplete forebrain ischemia in rats
    • Schmidt-Kastner R, Paschen W, Grosse-Ophoff B, Hossmann KA. A modified four-vessel occlusion model for inducing incomplete forebrain ischemia in rats. Stroke 1989; 20: 938-946
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 938-946
    • Schmidt-Kastner, R.1    Paschen, W.2    Grosse-Ophoff, B.3    Hossmann, K.A.4
  • 32
    • 0027501851 scopus 로고
    • Evidence supporting a role for programmed cell death in focal cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Linnik MD, Zobrist RH, Hatfield MD. Evidence supporting a role for programmed cell death in focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke 1993; 24: 2002-2009
    • (1993) Stroke , vol.24 , pp. 2002-2009
    • Linnik, M.D.1    Zobrist, R.H.2    Hatfield, M.D.3
  • 33
    • 0029834603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate early gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia: Friend or foe?
    • Akins PT, Liu PK, Hsu CY. Immediate early gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia: Friend or foe? Stroke 1996; 27: 1682-1687
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 1682-1687
    • Akins, P.T.1    Liu, P.K.2    Hsu, C.Y.3
  • 34
    • 0026357955 scopus 로고
    • In situ hybridization analysis c-fos and c-jun expression in the rat brain following transient forebrain ischemia
    • Wessel TC, Joh RH, Volpe BT. In situ hybridization analysis c-fos and c-jun expression in the rat brain following transient forebrain ischemia. Brain Res 1991; 567: 231-240
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.567 , pp. 231-240
    • Wessel, T.C.1    Joh, R.H.2    Volpe, B.T.3
  • 36
    • 0027373764 scopus 로고
    • Programmed cell death and the control of cell survival: Lessons from the nervous system
    • Raff MC, Barres BA, Burne JF, Coles HS, Ishizaki Y, Jacobson MD. Programmed cell death and the control of cell survival: Lessons from the nervous system. Science 1993; 262: 695-700
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 695-700
    • Raff, M.C.1    Barres, B.A.2    Burne, J.F.3    Coles, H.S.4    Ishizaki, Y.5    Jacobson, M.D.6
  • 37
    • 0019447387 scopus 로고
    • Morphological evaluation of cell turnover in relation to the menstrual cycle in the 'resting' human breast
    • Gerguson DJP, Anderson TJ. Morphological evaluation of cell turnover in relation to the menstrual cycle in the 'resting' human breast. Br J Cancer 1981 ; 44: 177-181
    • (1981) Br J Cancer , vol.44 , pp. 177-181
    • Gerguson, D.J.P.1    Anderson, T.J.2
  • 38
    • 0021718260 scopus 로고
    • Successive waves of apoptosis in the rat prostate after repeated withdrawal of testosterone stimulation
    • Sandford NL, Searle JW, Kerr JFR. Successive waves of apoptosis in the rat prostate after repeated withdrawal of testosterone stimulation. Path 1984; 16: 406-410
    • (1984) Path , vol.16 , pp. 406-410
    • Sandford, N.L.1    Searle, J.W.2    Kerr, J.F.R.3
  • 40
    • 0025204548 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death
    • Hockenbery D, Nunez G, Milliman C. Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death. Nature 1990; 348: 334-336
    • (1990) Nature , vol.348 , pp. 334-336
    • Hockenbery, D.1    Nunez, G.2    Milliman, C.3
  • 41
    • 0027207233 scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle arrest of proliferating neuronal cells by serum deprivation can result in either apoptosis or differentiation
    • Howard MK, Burke LC, Mailhos C, Pizzey A, Gilbert CS, et al. Cell cycle arrest of proliferating neuronal cells by serum deprivation can result in either apoptosis or differentiation. J Neurochem 1993; 60: 1783-1791
    • (1993) J Neurochem , vol.60 , pp. 1783-1791
    • Howard, M.K.1    Burke, L.C.2    Mailhos, C.3    Pizzey, A.4    Gilbert, C.S.5
  • 42
    • 0025255636 scopus 로고
    • The Caenorhabditis elegans genes ced-3 and ced-4 act autonomously to cause programmed cell death
    • Yuan J, Horvitzs HR. The Caenorhabditis elegans genes ced-3 and ced-4 act autonomously to cause programmed cell death. Dev Biol 1990; 138: 33
    • (1990) Dev Biol , vol.138 , pp. 33
    • Yuan, J.1    Horvitzs, H.R.2
  • 43
    • 0027525104 scopus 로고
    • The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1b-converting enzyme
    • Yuan J, Shaham S, Ledoux S, Ellis HM, Horvitz HR. The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1b-converting enzyme. Cell 1993; 75: 641-652
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 641-652
    • Yuan, J.1    Shaham, S.2    Ledoux, S.3    Ellis, H.M.4    Horvitz, H.R.5
  • 44
  • 45
    • 0028101227 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis related antigen, Le-Y and nick-end labeling are positive in spinal motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Yoshiyama Y, Yamada T, Asanuma K, Asahi T. Apoptosis related antigen, Le-Y and nick-end labeling are positive in spinal motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A Neuropathol 1994; 88: 207-211
    • (1994) A Neuropathol , vol.88 , pp. 207-211
    • Yoshiyama, Y.1    Yamada, T.2    Asanuma, K.3    Asahi, T.4
  • 46
    • 0028981908 scopus 로고
    • Expression of bcl-2 from a defective herpes simplex virus-1 vector limits neuronal death in focal cerebral ischemia
    • Linnik MD, Zahos P, Geschwind MD, Federoff HJ. Expression of bcl-2 from a defective herpes simplex virus-1 vector limits neuronal death in focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1995; 26: 1670-1674
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 1670-1674
    • Linnik, M.D.1    Zahos, P.2    Geschwind, M.D.3    Federoff, H.J.4
  • 47
    • 0025932984 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis: Mechanisms and roles in pathology
    • Arends M, Wyllie A. Apoptosis: Mechanisms and roles in pathology. Int Rev Exp Pathol 1991; 32: 223-254
    • (1991) Int Rev Exp Pathol , vol.32 , pp. 223-254
    • Arends, M.1    Wyllie, A.2
  • 48
    • 0000279475 scopus 로고
    • Cellular signaling in thymocyte apoptosis
    • Tome LD, Cope FO, eds. Plainview, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    • McConkey DJ, Orrenius S. Cellular signaling in thymocyte apoptosis. In: Tome LD, Cope FO, eds. Apoptosis: The Molecular Basis of Cell Death, Plainview, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1991: pp. 227-246
    • (1991) Apoptosis: The Molecular Basis of Cell Death , pp. 227-246
    • McConkey, D.J.1    Orrenius, S.2
  • 49
    • 0018830636 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation
    • Wyllie AH. Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation. Nature 1980; 284: 555-556
    • (1980) Nature , vol.284 , pp. 555-556
    • Wyllie, A.H.1
  • 50
    • 0027243086 scopus 로고
    • The proto-oncogene bcl-2 can selectively rescue neurotrophic factor-dependent neurons from apoptosis
    • Allsopp TE, Wyatt S, Paterson HF, Davies AM. The proto-oncogene bcl-2 can selectively rescue neurotrophic factor-dependent neurons from apoptosis. Cell 1993; 73: 295-307
    • (1993) Cell , vol.73 , pp. 295-307
    • Allsopp, T.E.1    Wyatt, S.2    Paterson, H.F.3    Davies, A.M.4
  • 51
    • 0027944004 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of BCL-2 in transgenic mice protects neurons from naturally occurring cell death and experimental ischemia
    • Martinou JC, Dubois-Dauphin M, Staple JK, Rodriguez I, Frankowski H, et al. Overexpression of BCL-2 in transgenic mice protects neurons from naturally occurring cell death and experimental ischemia. Neuron 1994; 13: 1017-1030
    • (1994) Neuron , vol.13 , pp. 1017-1030
    • Martinou, J.C.1    Dubois-Dauphin, M.2    Staple, J.K.3    Rodriguez, I.4    Frankowski, H.5
  • 52
    • 0027430789 scopus 로고
    • Expression of the baculovirus p35 gene inhibits mammalian neural cell death
    • Rabizadeh S, LaCount DJ, Friesen PD, Bredesen DE. Expression of the baculovirus p35 gene inhibits mammalian neural cell death. J Neurochem 1993; 61: 2318-2321
    • (1993) J Neurochem , vol.61 , pp. 2318-2321
    • Rabizadeh, S.1    LaCount, D.J.2    Friesen, P.D.3    Bredesen, D.E.4
  • 53
    • 0028887385 scopus 로고
    • Fulminant metanephric apoptosis and abnormal kidney development in bcl-2-deficient mice
    • Sorensen CM, Rogers SA, Korsmeyer SJ, Hammerman MR. Fulminant metanephric apoptosis and abnormal kidney development in bcl-2-deficient mice. Am J Physiol 1995; 268: F73-F81
    • (1995) Am J Physiol , vol.268
    • Sorensen, C.M.1    Rogers, S.A.2    Korsmeyer, S.J.3    Hammerman, M.R.4
  • 54
    • 0028201739 scopus 로고
    • Evidence of nuclear DNA fragmentation following hypoxia-ischemia in the infant rat brain, and transient forebrain ischemia in the adult gerbil
    • Ferrer I, Tortosa A, Macaya A, Sierra A, Moreno D, Munell F, Blanco R, Squier W. Evidence of nuclear DNA fragmentation following hypoxia-ischemia in the infant rat brain, and transient forebrain ischemia in the adult gerbil. Br Pathol 1994; 4: 115-122
    • (1994) Br Pathol , vol.4 , pp. 115-122
    • Ferrer, I.1    Tortosa, A.2    Macaya, A.3    Sierra, A.4    Moreno, D.5    Munell, F.6    Blanco, R.7    Squier, W.8
  • 55
    • 0028924890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed neuronal death in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer of the gerbil hippocampus following transient ischemia is apoptosis
    • Nitatori T, Sato N, Waguri S, Karaswaw Y, Araki H, Shibanai K, Kominami E, Uchiyama Y. Delayed neuronal death in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer of the gerbil hippocampus following transient ischemia is apoptosis. J Neurosci 1996; 15: 1001-1011
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 1001-1011
    • Nitatori, T.1    Sato, N.2    Waguri, S.3    Karaswaw, Y.4    Araki, H.5    Shibanai, K.6    Kominami, E.7    Uchiyama, Y.8
  • 56
    • 0028326980 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and sequencing of a cDNa encoding the rat Bcl-2 protein
    • Sato T, Irie S, Krajewski S, Reed JC. Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the rat Bcl-2 protein. Gene 1994; 140: 291-292
    • (1994) Gene , vol.140 , pp. 291-292
    • Sato, T.1    Irie, S.2    Krajewski, S.3    Reed, J.C.4
  • 58
    • 0029549426 scopus 로고
    • A cautionary note on the use of the TUNEL stain to determine apoptosis
    • Charriaut-Marlangue C, Ben-Ari Y. A cautionary note on the use of the TUNEL stain to determine apoptosis. NeuroReport 1995; 7: 61-64
    • (1995) NeuroReport , vol.7 , pp. 61-64
    • Charriaut-Marlangue, C.1    Ben-Ari, Y.2
  • 59
    • 0029294613 scopus 로고
    • In situ detection of fragmented DNa (TUNEL Assay) fails to discriminate among apoptosis, necrosis, and autolytic cell death: A cautionary note
    • Grasl-Kraupp B, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Koudelka H, Bukowska K, et al. In situ detection of fragmented DNA (TUNEL Assay) fails to discriminate among apoptosis, necrosis, and autolytic cell death: A cautionary note. Hepatology 1995; 21: 1465-1468
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.21 , pp. 1465-1468
    • Grasl-Kraupp, B.1    Ruttkay-Nedecky, B.2    Koudelka, H.3    Bukowska, K.4
  • 60
    • 0029160465 scopus 로고
    • Apoptotic cells in the human endometrium and placental villi: Pitfalls in applying the TUNEL method
    • Yasuda M, Umemura S, Osamura RY, Kenjo T, Tsutsumi Y. Apoptotic cells in the human endometrium and placental villi: Pitfalls in applying the TUNEL method. Arch Histol Cytol 1995; 58: 185-190
    • (1995) Arch Histol Cytol , vol.58 , pp. 185-190
    • Yasuda, M.1    Umemura, S.2    Osamura, R.Y.3    Kenjo, T.4    Tsutsumi, Y.5
  • 62
    • 0025074716 scopus 로고
    • Liposome-entrapped Superoxide dismutase reduces cerebral infarction in cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Imaizumi S, Woolworth B, Fishman RA. Liposome-entrapped Superoxide dismutase reduces cerebral infarction in cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke 1990; 21: 1312-1317
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 1312-1317
    • Imaizumi, S.1    Woolworth, B.2    Fishman, R.A.3
  • 63
    • 0024515257 scopus 로고
    • Allopurinol and dimethylthiourea reduce brain infarction following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats
    • Martz D, Rayso G, Schielke GP. Allopurinol and dimethylthiourea reduce brain infarction following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Stroke 1989; 20: 488-494
    • (1989) Stroke , vol.20 , pp. 488-494
    • Martz, D.1    Rayso, G.2    Schielke, G.P.3
  • 64
    • 0025117827 scopus 로고
    • 2,3-Dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(F)quinoxaline: A neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia
    • Sheardown MJ, Nielsen E, Hansen AJ. 2,3-Dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(F)quinoxaline: A neuroprotectant for cerebral ischemia. Science 1990; 247: 571-574
    • (1990) Science , vol.247 , pp. 571-574
    • Sheardown, M.J.1    Nielsen, E.2    Hansen, A.J.3
  • 65
    • 0021998312 scopus 로고
    • Nimodipine improves outcome when given after complete cerebral ischemia in primates
    • Steen PA, Gisvold SE, Milde JH. Nimodipine improves outcome when given after complete cerebral ischemia in primates. Anesthesiology 1985; 62: 406-414
    • (1985) Anesthesiology , vol.62 , pp. 406-414
    • Steen, P.A.1    Gisvold, S.E.2    Milde, J.H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.