Apoptosis

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 88-101

  Cummings, Margaret C ^a   Winterford, Clay M ^a   Walker, Neal I ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; APOPTOSIS; ART; AUSTRALIA; HISTORY; HUMAN; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; UNITED KINGDOM;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; AUSTRALIA; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; PHYSIOLOGY; PORTRAITS; SCOTLAND;

EID: 0030635478     PISSN: 01475185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00000478-199701000-00010     Document Type: Article

References (129)

1. Allan DJ, Harmon BV. The morphologic categorization of cell death induced by mild hyperthermia and comparison with death induced by ionizing radiation and cytotoxic drugs. Scan Electron Microsc 1986:3:1121-33.
2. Allen R. Who discovered cell suicide? Medical Observer 1995:59-60.
3. Ameisen JC, Estaquier J, Idziorek T. From AIDS to parasite infection: pathogen-mediated subversion of programmed cell death as a mechanism for immune dysregulation. Immunol Rev 1994:142:9-51.
4. Ansari B, Coates PJ, Greenstein BD, Hall PA. In situ endlabelling detects DNA strand breaks in apoptosis and other physiological and pathological states. J Palhol 1993; 170:1-8.
5. Appleby DW, Modak SP. DNA degradation in terminally differentiating lens fiber cells from chick embryos. Proc NallAcad Sei USA 1977:12:5579-83.
6. Arends JA, Wyllie AH. Apoptosis: mechanisms and roles in pathology. Int Rev Exp Pathol 1991 ;32:223-54.
7. Azmi TI, O'Shea JD. Mechanism of deletion of endothelial cells during regression of the corpus luteum. Lab Invest 1984;51:206-17.
8. Barres BA, Hart IK, Coles HSR, et al. Cell death and control of cell survival in the oligodcndrocyte lineage. Cell 1992;70:31-to
9. 2+ concentration and DNA fragmentation. Cancer Res 1992;52:1342-6.
10. Benedetti A, Jézéquel AM, Orlandi F. Preferential distribution of apoptotic bodies in acinar zone 3 of normal human and rat liver. J Hepatol 1988:7:319-24.
11. Berke G. The binding and lysis of target cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes: molecular and cellular aspects. Anna Rev Immunol 1994;12:735-73.
12. Bhathal PS, Gall JAM. Deletion of hyperplastic biliary epithelial cells by apoptosis following removal of the proliferative stimulus. Liver 1985;5:311-25.
13. Bursch W, Taper HS, Lauer B, Schuhe-Hermann R. Quantitative histological and histochemical studies on the occurrence and stages of controlled cell death (apoptosis) during regression of rat liver hyperplasia. Virchon-s Arch B Cell Pathol 1985;50:153-66.
14. Carsetti R, Köhler G, Lamers MC. A role for immunoglobulin D: interference with tolerance induction. Ear J Immunol 1993;23: 168-78.
15. Clarke PGH, Clarke S. Historic apoptosis. Nature 1995;378:230.
16. | 16. Coles HSR, Burne JF, Raff MC. Large-scale normal cell death in the developing rat kidney and its reduction by epidermal growth factor. Development 1993:118:777-84.
17. Collins RJ, Harmon BV, Gobé GC, Kerr JFR. Internucleosomal DNA cleavage should not be the sole criterion for identifying apoptosis. hit J Radiat Biol I992;61:451-53.
18. Crawford AM, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. The relationship of acute mesodermal cell death to the teratogenic effects of 7-OHM-12-1 MBA in the foetal rat. Br J Cancer 1972;26:498-503.
19. Curson C, Weedon D. Spontaneous regression in basal cell carcinomas. J Cutan Palhol 1979;6:432-7.
20. Darzynkiewicz Z, Bruno S, Del Bino G, Gorczyca W, Hotz MA, Lassota P, Traganos F. Features of apoptotic cells measured by flow cytometry. Cytometry 1992;13:795-808. 21. Eastman A. Cover legend. Cancer Res 1993;53:(I7).
21. Enari M, Hug H, Nagat S. Involvement of an ICE-like protease in Fas-mediated apoptosis. Nature 1995;375:78-81.
22. Evan G, Harrington E, Fanidi A, Land H, Amati B, Bennett M. Integrated control of cell proliferation and cell death by the c-myc oncogene. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sei 1994:345:269-75.
23. Farbman AI. Electron microscope study of palate fusion in mouse embryos. Dev Biol 1968;18:93-116.
24. Ferguson DJP, Anderson TJ. Morphological evaluation of cell turnover in relation to the menstrual cycle in the "resting" human breast. Br J Cancer 1981;44:177-81.
25. Ferguson DJP, Anderson TJ. Ultrastructural observations on cell death by apoptosis in the "resting" human breast. Vircliows Arch Pathol Anat 1981:393:193-203.
26. Ferrara JLM, Deeg HJ. Graft-versus-host disease. N Engl J Med 1991:324:667-74.
27. Fesus L, Thomazy V, Falus A. Induction and activation of tissue transglutaminase during programmed cell death. FEES Lett 1987; 224:104-8.
28. Garcia-Martinez V, Macias D, Ganan Y, et al. Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the interdigital tissue of the embryonic chick leg bud. J Cell Sei 1993:106:201-8.
29. Gavrieli Y, Sherman Y, Ben-Sasson SA. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J Cell Biol 1992;119:493-501.
30. Glücksmann A. Cell deaths in normal vertebrate autogeny. Biol Rev 1951:26:59-86.
31. Gobé GC, Axelsen RA. Genesis of renal tubular atrophy in experimental hydronephrosis in the rat: role of apoptosis. Lab Invest 1987:56:273-81.
32. Gobé GC, Axelsen RA, Searle JW. Cellular events in experimental unilateral ischémie renal atrophy and in regeneration after contralateral nephrectomy. Lab Invest 1990;63:770-9.
33. i34. GrasI-Kraupp B, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Koudelka H; Bukowska K, Bursch W, Schuhe-Hermann R. In situ detection of fragmented DNA (TUNEL assay) fails to discriminate among apoptosis, necrosis, and autolytic cell death: a cautionary note. Hepatology 1995:21:1465-8.
34. Hall PA, Coates PJ, Ansari B, Hopwood D. Regulation of cell number in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract: the importance I of apoptosis. J Cell Sei 1994;107:3569-77.
35. Harmon B, Bell L, Williams L. An ultrastructural study on the "meconium corpuscles" in rat foetal intestinal epithelium with particular reference to apoptosis. Anat Embiyol (BerI) 1984;169: 119-24.
36. Hickman JA. Apoptosis induced by anticancer drugs. Cancer Metastasis Rev 1992:11:121-39.
37. Hooper ML. The role of p53 and Rb-1 genes in cancer, developj ment and apoptosis. J Cell Sei 1994;18:13-7.
38. Hopwood D, Levison DA. Atrophy and apoptosis in the cyclical human endometrium. J Pathol 1976:119:159-66.
39. Howie SE, Sommerfield AJ, Gray E, Harrison DJ. Peripheral T lymphocyte depletion by apoptosis after CD4 ligation in vivo. Selective loss of CD44~ and 'activating' memory T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 1994;95:195-200.
40. Hsueh AJW, Billig H, Tsafriri A. Ovarian follicle atresia. A hormonally controlled apoptotic process. Endocr Rev 1994; 15:707-24.
41. Hurwitz A, Adashi EY. Ovarian follicular atresia as an apoptotic process. In: Adashi EY, Leung PCK, eds. The ovary. New York: Raven Press, 1993;473-85.
42. Kerr JFR. A histochemical study of hypertrophy and ischaemic injury of rat liver with special reference to changes in lysosomes. J Palhol Bacterial I965;90:419-35.
43. Kerr JFR. An electron-microscope study of liver cell necrosis due to heliotrine. J Pathol 1969;97:557-62.
44. Kerr JFR. An electron microscopic study of liver cell necrosis due to albitocin. Pathology 1970;2:251-9.
45. Kerr JFR. Shrinkage necrosis: a distinct mode of cellular death. J Pathol 1971:105:13-20.
46. Kerr JFR. Shrinkage necrosis of adrenal cortical cells. J Pathol 1972;107:217-9.
47. Kerr J. Apoptosis: past and future. In: Pearn J, ed. Milestones of Australian medicine. Brisbane: Amphion Press, 1994;153-66.
48. Kerr JFR. Neglected opportunities in apoptosis research. Trends Cell Biol 1995;5:55-7.
49. Kerr JFR, Gobé GC, Winterford CM, Harmon BV. Anatomical methods in cell death. Methods Cell Biol 1995;46:I-27.
50. Kerr JFR, Harmon BV. Definition and incidence of apoptosis: an historical perspective. In: Tomei LD, Cope FO, eds. Apoptosis: the molecular basis of cell death. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1991;5-29.
51. Kerr JFR, Harmon B, Searle J. An electron-microscope study of cell deletion in the anuran tadpole tail during spontaneous metamorphosis with special reference to apoptosis of striated muscle fibres. J Cell Sei 1974;14:571-85.
52. Kerr JFR, Searle J. A suggested explanation for the paradoxically slow growth rate of basal-cell carcinomas that contain numerous mitotic figures. J Pathol 1972:107:41-4.
53. Kerr JFR, Searle J. The digestion of cellular fragments within phagolysosomes in carcinoma cells. J Pathol 1972;I08:55-8.
54. Kerr JFR, Searle J. Deletion of cells by apoptosis during castration-induced involution of the rat prostate. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol 1973:13:87-102.
55. Kerr JFR, Searle J, Harmon BV, Bishop CJ. Apoptosis. In: Polten CS, ed. Perspectives on mammalian cell death. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987:93-128.
56. Kerr JFR, Winterford CM, Harmon BV. Apoptosis: its significance in cancer and cancer therapy. Cancer 1994;73:2013-26.
57. Kerr JFR, Winterford CM, Harmon BV. Morphological criteria for identifying apoptosis. In: Celis JE, ed. Cell biology: a laboratory handbook. New York: Academic Press, 1994:319-29.
58. Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer 1972;26:239-57.
59. Korsmeyer SJ. Regulators of cell death. Trends Genet 1995;11: 101-5.
60. Koseki C, Herzlinger D, al-Awqati Q. Apoptosis in metanephric development. J Cell Biol 1992;119:1327-33.
61. Koury MJ. Programmed cell death (apoptosis) in hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 1992;20:391-4.
62. Koury MJ, Bondurant MC. Erythropoietin retards DNA breakdown and prevents programmed death in erythroid progenitor cells. Science 1990:248:378-81.
63. Krams SM, Egawa H, Quinn MB, Martinez OM. Apoptosis as a mechanism of cell death in a rat model of liver allograft rejection. Transplant Proc 1995;27:466-7.
64. Laurent-Crawford AG, Krust B, Muller S, et al. The cytopathic effect of HIV is associated with apoptosis. Virology 1991 ;185: 829-39.
65. Liu Y-J, Joshua DE, Williams GT, Smith CA, Gordon J, MacLennan ICM. Mechanism of antigen-driven selection in germinal centres. Nature 1989:342:929-31.
66. Lowe SW, Ruley HE, Jacks T. Housman DE. p53-Dependent apoptosis modulates the eytotoxicity of anticancer agents. Cell 1993;74:957-67.
67. MacLennan 1C. Germinal centers. Anna Rev Immunol 1994; 12: 117-39.
68. Majno G, Joris I. Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis: an overview of cell death. Am J Pathol 1995;146:3-15.
69. Matter A. Microcinematographic and electron microscopic analysis of target cell lysis induced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Immunology 1979:36:179-90.
70. McCall ÇA, Cohen JJ. Programmed cell death in terminally differentiating keratinocytes. Role of endogenous endonuclease. J Invest Dermalol 1991;97:111-4.
71. Meagher LC, Savill JS, Baker A, Fuller RW, Haslett C. Phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils does not induce macrophage release of thromboxane B2. J Leukoc Biol 1992;52:269-73.
72. Miura M, Zhu H, Rotello R, Hartwieg EA, Yuan J. Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by IL-lß-converting enzyme, a mammalian homolog of the C. elegans cell death gene ced-3. Cell 1993; 75:653-60.
73. Moore JV. Death of cells and necrosis of tumours. In: Pötten CS, ed. Perspectives on mammalian cell death. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1987;295-325.
74. LO thymocytes in vivo. Science 1990;250:1720-3.
75. Nakanuma Y, Ohta G, Kono N, Kobayashi K, Kalo Y. Electron microscopic observation of destruction of biliary epithelium in primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver 1983;3:238-48.
76. Oberhammer F, Wilson JW, Dive C, et al. Apoptotic death in epithelial cells: cleavage of DNA to 300 and/or 50 kb fragments prior to or in the absence of internucleosomal fragmentation. EMBOJ 1993:12:3679-84.
77. Parr EL, Tung HN, Parr MB. Apoptosis as the mode of uterine epithelial cell death during embryo implantation in mice and rats. Biol Reprod 1987;36:211-25.
78. Patel T, Gores GJ. Apoptosis and hepatobiliary disease. Hepatology 1995;21:1725-41.
79. Paus R, Rosenbach T, Haas N, Czametzki BM. Patterns of cell death: the significance of apoptosis for dermatology. Exp Dermatol 1993;2:3-11.
80. Pezzella F, Gatter K. What is the value of bd-2 protein detection for histopathologists? Histopathology 1995;26:89-93.
81. Prins JB, Walker NI, Winterford CM, Cameron DP. Apoptosis of human adipocytes in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 201:500-7.
82. Radley JM, Haller CJ. Fate of senescent megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Br J Haematol 1983;53:277-87.
83. Raff MC, Barres BA, Burne JF, Coles HS, Ishizaki Y, Jacobson MD. Programmed cell death and the control of cell survival: lessons from the nervous system. Science 1993;262:695-700.
84. Rous P, Larimore LD. Relation of the portal blood to liver maintenance: a demonstration of liver atrophy conditional on compensation. J Exp Med 1920:31:609-32.
85. Russell SW, Rosenau W, Lee JC. Cytolysis induced by human lymphotoxin. Cinemicrographic and electron microscopic observations. Am J Pathol 1972:69:103-18.
86. Sabourin JC, Martin A, Baruch J, True JB, Compel A, Poitout P. bcl-2 expression in normal breast tissue during the menstrual cycle. Int J Cancer 1994;59:1-6.
87. Sanderson CJ. The mechanism of T cell mediated eytotoxicity. II. Morphological studies of cell death by time-lapse microcinematography. Proc R Soc Land B Biol Sei 1976;192:241-55.
88. Saunders JW. Death in embryonic systems. Science 1966; 154: 604-12.
89. Savill J. Macrophage recognition of senescent neutrophils. Clin Sei (Colch) 1992;83:649-55.
90. Savill J, Fadok V, Henson P, Haslett C. Phagocyte recognition of cells undergoing apoptosis. Immunol Today I993;14:131-6.
91. Schellens JPM, Everts V, Beertsen W. Quantitative analysis of connective tissue resorption in the supra-alveolar region of the mouse incisor ligament. J Periodontal Res 1982;I7:407-22.
92. Searle J, Collins DJ, Harmon B, Kerr JFR. The spontaneous occurrence of apoptosis in squamous carcinomas of the uterine cervix. Pathology 1973;5:163-9.
93. Searle J, Kerr JFR, Bishop CJ. Necrosis and apoptosis: distinct modes of cell death with fundamentally different significance PatholAnnu 1982;17(2):229-59.
94. Searle J, Lawson TA, Abbott PJ, Harmon B, Kerr JF. An electron-microscope study of the mode of cell death induced by cancer-chemotherapeutic agents in populations of proliferating normal and neoplastic cells. J Pathol 1975; 116:129-38.
95. Shen Y, Shenk TE. Viruses and apoptosis. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1995:5:105-11.
96. Sheridan JW, Bishop CJ, Simmons RJ. Biophysical and morphological correlates of kinetic change and death in a starved human melanoma cell line. J Cell Sei 1981;49:119-37.
97. Shresta S, Heusel JW, Macivor DM, Wesselschmidt RL, Russell JH, Ley TJ. Granzyme B plays a critical role in cytotoxic lymphocyte-induced apoptosis. Immunol Rev 1995;146:211-21.
98. Skutelsky E, Danon D. On the expulsion of the erythroid nucleus and its phagocytosis. Anat Rec 1972;173:123-6.
99. Smith CA, Williams GT, Kingston R, Jenkinson EJ, Owen JJT. Antibodies to CS2/T-cell receptor complex induce death by apoptosis in immature T cells in thymic cultures. Nature 1989;337: 181-4.
100. Smyth MJ, Trapani JA. Granzymes: exogenous proteinases that induce target cell apoptosis. Immunol Today 1995;16:202-6.
101. Strange R, Li F, Saurer S, Burkhard A, Friis RR. Apoptotic cell death and tissue remodelling during mouse mammary gland involution. Development 1992;115:49-58.
102. Telford WG, King LE, Fraker PJ. Comparative evaluation of several DNA binding dyes in the detection of apoptosisassociated chromatin degradation by flow cytometry. Cytometry 1992;13:137-43.
103. Tilly J, Kowalski KI, Johnson AL, Hsueh AJW. Involvement of apoptosis in ovarian follicular atresia and postovulatory regression. Endocrinology 1991:129:2799-801.
104. Tounekti O, Belehradek J Jr, Mir LM. Relationships between DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and changes in flow cytometry profiles detected during apoptosis. Exp Cell Res 1995:217:506-16.
105. Trump BF, Berezesky IK, Osomio-Vargas AR. Cell death and the disease process: the role of calcium. In: Bowen D, Lockshin RA, eds. Cell death in biology and pathology. London: Chapman and Hall, I981;209-12.
106. Vaux DL, Cory S, Adams JM. bcl-2 gene promotes haemopoietic cell survival and cooperates with c-myc to immortalize pre-B cells. Nature 1988;335:440-2.
107. Vaux DL, Weissman IL. Neither macromolecular synthesis nor myc is required for cell death via the mechanism that can be controlled by bcl-2. Mol Cell Biol 1993:13:7000-5.
108. Walker NI. Ultrastructure of the rat pancreas after experimental duct ligation. I. The role of apoptosis and intraepithelial macrophages in acinar cell deletion. Am J Pathol 1987;126:439-51.
109. Walker NI, Bennett RE, Axelsen RA. Melanosis coli: a consequence of anthraquinone-induced apoptosis of colonie epithelial cells. Am J Pathol 1988;131:465-76.
110. Walker NI, Bennett RE, Kerr JFR. Cell death during involution of the lactating breast in mice and rats. Am J Anat 1989;185:19-32.
111. Walker NI, Gobé GC. Cell death and cell proliferation during atrophy of the rat parotid gland induced by duct obstruction. J Palhol 1987;153:333-44.
112. Walker NI, Harmon BV, Gobé GC, Kerr JFR. Patterns of cell death. Methods Achiev Er Pathol 1988:13:18-54.
113. Walker NI, Winterford CM, Kerr JFR. Ultrastructure of the rat pancreas after experimental duct ligation. II. Duct and stromal cell proliferation, differentiation, and deletion. Pancreas 1992;7: 420-34.
114. Walker NI, Winterford CM, Williamson RM, Kerr JFR. Ethionine-induced atrophy of rat pancreas involves apoptosis of acinar cells. Pancreas 1993:8:443-9.
115. Weedon D, Searle S, Kerr JFR. Apoptosis: its nature and implications for dermatopathology. Am J Dermatopathol 1979;1: 133-44.
116. Weedon D, Strutton G. Apoptosis as the mechanism of the invo-lution of hair follicles in catagen transformation. Ada Denn Venereal 1981:61:335-9.
117. Wijsman JH, Jonker RR, Keijzer R, Van De Velde CJH, Cornelisse CJ, Van Dierendonck JH. A new method to detect apoptosis in paraffin sections: in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA. J Histochem Cytochem 1993;41:7-12.
118. Williams GT. Apoptosis in the immune system. J Palhol 1994; 173:1-4.
119. Williamson R. Properties of rapidly labelled deoxyribonucleic acid fragments isolated from the cytoplasm of primary cultures of embryonic mouse liver cells. J Mol Biol 1970;51:157-68.
120. Wright SC, Kumar P, Tarn AW, et al. Apoptosis and DNA fragmentation precede TNF-induced cytolysis in U937 cells. J Cell Biochem 1992;48:344-55.
121. Wyllie AH. Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation. Nature 1980; 284:555-6.
122. Wyllie AH. Cell death: a new classification separating apoptosis from necrosis. In: Bowen D, Lockshin RA, eds. Cell death in biology and pathology. London: Chapman and Hall, 1981:9-34.
123. Wyllie AH. The biology of cell death in tumours. Anticancer Res 1985;5:131-6.
124. Wyllie AH. Cell death. lut Rev Cytol 1987;17(suppl):755-85.
125. Wyllie AH. The patient and the cell: an appreciation of Sir Alaslair Currie. Cancer research campaign scientific yearbook 1994; 95:5-9.
126. Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Curie AR. Cell death in the normal neonatal rat adrenal cortex. J Palhol 1973;111:255-61.
127. Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the significance of apoptosis. Inl Rev Cytol 1980;68:251-306.
128. Wyllie AH, Kerr FJR, Macaskill IAM, Currie AR. Adrenocortical cell deletion: the role of ACTH. J Pathol 1973;111:85-94.
129. Yuan J, Horvitz HR. The Caenorhabditis elegans genes ced-3 and ced-4 act cell autonomously to cause programmed cell death. DevBiol 1990;138:33-41.