The pre-mRNA 5' cap determines whether U6 small nuclear RNA succeeds U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle at 5' splice sites

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 18, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 7510-7520

  O'Mullane, Laura ^a   Eperon, Ian C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAPPED RNA; MESSENGER RNA PRECURSOR; SMALL NUCLEAR RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN;

ADENOVIRUS; ARTICLE; BINDING AFFINITY; BINDING SITE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; RNA BINDING; RNA SPLICING; RNA STRUCTURE; SPLICEOSOME;

ADENOVIRIDAE;

EID: 0031782698     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.18.12.7510     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Berget, S. M. 1995. Exon recognition in vertebrate splicing. J. Biol. Chem. 270:2411-2414.
2. Bindereif, A., and M. R. Green. 1987. An ordered pathway of snRNP binding during mammalian pre-messenger RNA splicing complex assembly. EMBO J. 6:2415-2424.
3. Cao, W. H., S. F. Jamison, and M. A. Garcia-Blanco. 1997. Both phosphorylation and dephosphorytation of ASF/SF2 are required for pre-mRNA splicing in vitro. RNA 3:1456-1467.
4. Chabot, B. 1996. Directing alternative splicing: cast and scenarios. Trends Genet. 12:472-477.
5. Chabot, B., and J. A. Steitz. 1987. Recognition of mutant and cryptic 5′ splice sites by the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein in vitro. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:698-707.
6. Chiara, M. D., O. Gozani, M. Bennett, P. Champion-Arnaud, L. Palandjian, and R. Reed. 1996. Identification of proteins that interact with exon sequences, splice sites, and the branchpoint sequence during each stage of spliceosome assembly. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3317-3326.
7. Chiara, M. D., and R. Reed. 1995. A 2-step mechanism for 5′ and 3′ splice site pairing. Nature 375:510-513.
8. Cho, E. J., T. Takagi, C. R. Moore, and S. Buratowski. 1997. Messenger RNA capping enzyme is recruited to the transcription complex by phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain. Genes Dev. 11:3319-3326.
9. Colot, H. V., F. Stutz, and M. Rosbash. 1996. The yeast splicing factor mud13p is a commitment complex component and corresponds to CBP20 the small subunit of the nuclear cap-binding complex. Genes Dev. 10:1699-1708.
10. Crispino, J. D., J. E. Mermoud, A. I. Lamond, and P. A. Sharp. 1996. Cis-acting elements distinct from the 5′ splice site promote U1-independent pre-messenger RNA splicing. RNA 2:664-673.
11. Cunningham, S. A., A. J. Else, B. Potter, and I. C. Eperon. 1991. Influences of separation and adjacent sequences on the use of alternative 5′ splice sites. J. Mol. Biol. 217:265-281.
12. Daneholt, B. 1997. A look at messenger RNP moving through the nuclear pore. Cell 88:585-588.
13. Edery, I., and N. Sonenberg. 1985. Cap-dependent RNA splicing in a HeLa nuclear extract. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:7590-7594.
14. Eperon, I. C., D. C. Ireland, R. A. Smith, A. Mayeda, and A. R. Krainer. 1993. Pathways for selection of 5′ splice sites by U1 snRNPs and SF2/ASF. EMBO J. 12:3607-3617.
15. Flaherty, S. M., P. Fortes, E. Izaurralde, I. W. Mattaj, and G. M. Gilmartin. 1997. Participation of the nuclear cap binding complex in pre-MRNA 3′ processing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:11893-11898.
16. Fresco, L. D., and S. Buratowski. 1996. Conditional mutants of the yeast messenger RNA capping enzyme show that the cap enhances, but is not required for, messenger RNA splicing. RNA 2:584-596.
17. Furuichi, Y., A. La Fiandra, and A. J. Shatkin. 1977. 5′ Terminal structure and mRNA stability. Nature 266:235-239.
18. Gamberi, C., E. Izaurralde, C. Beisel, and I. W. Mattaj. 1997. Interaction between the human nuclear cap-binding protein complex and hnRNP F. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17:2587-2597.
19. Grabowski, P. J., and P. A. Sharp. 1986. Affinity chromatography of splicing complexes: U2, U5, and U4+U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in the spliceosome. Science 233:1294-1299.
20. Green, M. R., T. Maniatis, and D. A. Melton. 1983. Human beta-globin pre-mRNA synthesized in vitro is accurately spliced in Xenopus oocyte nuclei. Cell 32:681-694.
21. Grummt, I., and J. A. Skinner. 1985. Efficient transcription of a protein-coding gene from the RNA polymerase-I promoter in transfected cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:722-726.
22. Heinrichs, V., M. Bach, G. Winkelmann, and R. Luhrmann. 1990. U1-specific protein C needed for efficient complex formation of U1 snRNP with a 5′ splice site. Science 247:69-72.
23. Hoffman, B. E., and P. J. Grabowski. 1992. U1 snRNP targets an essential splicing factor, U2AF65, to the 3′ splice site by a network of interactions spanning the exon. Genes Dev. 6:2554-2568.
24. Hwang, D. Y., and J. B. Cohen. 1996. U1 snRNA promotes the selection of nearby 5′ splice sites by U6 snRNA in mammalian cells. Genes Dev. 10:338-350.
25. Inoue, K., M. Ohno, H. Sakamoto, and Y. Shimura. 1989. Effect of the cap structure on pre-mRNA splicing in Xenopus oocyte nuclei. Genes Dev. 3:1472-1479.
26. Izaurralde, E., J. Lewis, C. McGuigan, M. Jankowska, E. Darzynkiewicz, and I. W. Mattaj. 1994. A nuclear cap-binding protein complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Cell 78:657-668.
27. Jamison, S. F., Z. Pasman, J. Wang, C. Will, R. Lührmann, J. L. Manley, and M. A. Garcia-Blanco. 1995. U1 snRNP-ASF/SF2 interaction and 5′ splice site recognition: characterization of required elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:3260-3267.
28. Jarmolowski, A., W. C. Boelens, E. Izaurralde, and I. W. Mattaj. 1994. Nuclear export of different classes of RNA is mediated by specific factors. J. Cell. Biol. 124:627-635.
29. Kandels-Lewis, S., and B. Séraphin. 1993. Role of U6 snRNA in 5′ splice site selection. Science 262:2035-2039.
30. Kataoka, N., M. Ohno, I. Moda, and Y. Shimura. 1995. Identification of the factors that interact with nCBP, an 80 kDa nuclear cap-binding protein. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:3638-3641.
31. Kohtz, J. D., S. F. Jamison, C. L. Will, P. Zuo, R. Luhrmann, M. A. Garcia-Blanco, and J. L. Manley. 1994. Protein-protein interactions and 5′ splice site recognition in mammalian messenger RNA precursors. Nature 368:119-124.
32. Konarska, M. M., R. A. Padgett, and P. A. Sharp. 1984. Recognition of cap structure in splicing in vitro of mRNA precursors. Cell 38:731-736.
33. Konarska, M. M., and P. A. Sharp. 1986. Electrophoretic separation of complexes involved in the splicing of precursors to messenger RNAs. Cell 46:845-855.
34. Konarska, M. M., and P. A. Sharp. 1987. Interactions between small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in formation of spliceosomes. Cell 49:763-774.
35. Konforti, B. B., and M. M. Konarska. 1994. U4/U5/U6 snRNP recognizes the 5′ splice site in the absence of U2 snRNP. Genes Dev. 8:1962-1973.
36. Konforti, B. B., M. J. Koziolkiewicz, and M. M. Konarska. 1993. Disruption of base-pairing between the 5′ splice site and the 5′ end of U1 snRNA is required for spliceosome assembly. Cell 75:863-873.
37. Krainer, A. R., T. Maniatis, B. Ruskin, and M. R. Green. 1984. Normal and mutant human beta-globin pre-mRNAs are faithfully and efficiently spliced in vitro. Cell 36:993-1005.
38. Krämer, A. 1988. Pre-splicing complex formation requires 2 proteins and U2 snRNP. Genes Dev. 2:1155-1167.
39. Lamond, A. I., M. M. Konarska, and P. A. Sharp. 1987. A mutational analysis of spliceosome assembly - evidence for splice site collaboration during spliceosome formation. Genes Dev. 1:532-543.
40. Lesser, C. F., and C. Guthrie. 1993. Mutations in U6 snRNA that alter splice site specificity: implications for the active site. Science 262:1982-1988.
41. Lewis, J. D., D. Görlich, and I. W. Mattaj. 1996. A yeast cap binding protein complex (yCBC) acts at an early step in pre-mRNA splicing. Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3332-3336.
42. Lewis, J. D., E. Izaurralde, A. Jarmolowski, C. McGuigan, and I. W. Mattaj. 1996. A nuclear cap-binding complex facilitates association of U1-snRNP with the cap-proximal 5′ splice site. Genes Dev. 10:1683-1698.
43. Lo, H. J., H. K. Huang, and T. F. Donahue. 1998. RNA polymerase I-promoted HIS4 expression yields uncapped, polyadenylated mRNA that is unstable and inefficiently translated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:665-675.
44. Luukkonen, B., and B. Séraphin. 1998. Genetic interaction between U6 snRNA and the first intron nucleotide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA 4:167-180.
45. McCracken, S., N. Fong, E. Rosonina, K. Yankulov, G. Brothers, D. Siderovski, A. Hessel, S. Poster, S. Shuman, and D. L. Bentley. 1997. 5′-capping enzymes are targeted to pre-MRNA by binding to the phosphorylated carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Genes Dev. 11:3306-3318.
46. Mermoud, J. E., P. Cohen, and A. I. Lamond. 1994. Regulation of mammalian spliceosome assembly by a protein: phosphorylation mechanism. EMBO J. 13:5679-5688.
47. Michaud, S., and R. Reed. 1991. An ATP-independent complex commits pre-mRNA to the mammalian spliceosome assembly pathway. Genes Dev. 5:2534-2546.
48. Michaud, S., and R. Reed. 1993. A functional association between the 5′ and 3′ splice sites is established in the earliest prespliceosome complex (E) in mammals. Genes Dev. 7:1008-1020.
49. Mount, S. M., I. Pettersson, M. Hinterberger, A. Karmas, and J. A. Steitz. 1983. The U1 small nuclear RNA-protein complex selectively binds a 5′ splice site in vitro. Cell 33:509-518.
50. Nelson, K. K., and M. R. Green. 1988. Splice site selection and ribonucleo-protein complex assembly during in vitro pre-mRNA splicing. Genes Dev. 2:319-329.
51. Nigg, E. A. 1997. Nucleocytoplasmic transport: signals, mechanisms and regulation. Nature 386:779-787.
52. Noble, J., C. Prives, and J. L. Manley. 1986. In vitro splicing of simian virus-40 early pre-messenger RNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 14:1219-1235.
53. Noble, J., C. Prives, and J. L. Manley. 1988. Alternative splicing of SV40 early pre-mRNA is determined by branch site selection. Genes Dev. 2:1460-1475.
54. Ohno, M., N. Kataoka, and Y. Shimura. 1990. A nuclear cap binding protein from HeLa cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:6989-6995.
55. Ohno, M., H. Sakamoto, and Y. Shimura. 1987. Preferential excision of the 5′ proximal intron from messenger RNA precursors with 2 introns as mediated by the cap structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:5187-5191.
56. Patzelt, E., E. Thalmann, K. Hartmuth, D. Blaas, and E. Kuechler. 1987. Assembly of pre-mRNA splicing complex is cap dependent. Nucleic Acids Res. 15:1387-1399.
57. Reed, R., and T. Maniatis. 1986. A role for exon sequences and splice-site proximity in splice-site selection. Cell 46:681-690.
58. Robberson, B. L., G. J. Cote, and S. M. Berget 1990. Exon definition may facilitate splice site selection in RNAs with multiple exons. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:84-94.
59. Roscigno, R. F., and M. A. Garcia-Blanco. 1995. SR proteins escort the U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to the spliceosome. RNA 1:692-706.
60. Rossi, F., T. Forne, E. Antoine, J. Tazi, C. Brunei, and G. Cathala. 1996. Involvement of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP) in 5′ splice site-U1 snRNP interaction. J. Biol. Chem. 271:23985-23991.
61. Kuskin, B., and M. R. Green. 1985. Specific and stable intron-factor interactions are established early during in vitro pre-mRNA splicing. Cell 43:131-142.
62. Sachs, A. B., P. Sarnow, and M. W. Hentze. 1997. Starting at the beginning, middle, and end: translation initiation in eukaryotes. Cell 89:831-838.
63. Salditt-Georgieff, M., M. Harpold, S. Chen-Kiang, and J. E. Darnell. 1980. The addition of 5′ cap structures occurs early in hnRNA synthesis and prematurely terminated molecules are capped. Cell 19:69-78.
64. Sawa, H., and J. Abelson. 1992. Evidence for a base-pairing interaction between U6 small nuclear RNA and the 5′ splice site during the splicing reaction in yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:11269-11273.
65. Sawa, H., and Y. Shimura. 1992. Association of U6 snRNA with the 5′-splice site region of pre-mRNA in the spliceosome. Genes Dev. 6:244-254.
66. Schwer, B., and S. Shuman. 1996. Conditional inactivation of messenger-RNA capping enzyme affects yeast pre-messenger RNA splicing in vivo. RNA 2:574-583.
67. Séraphin, B., and S. Kandels-Lewis. 1993. 3′ splice site recognition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not require base-pairing with U1 snRNA. Cell 73:803-812.
68. Shatkin, A. J. 1976. Capping of eukaryotic mRNAs. Cell 9:645-653.
69. Shatkin, A. J. 1985. Messenger RNA cap binding proteins: essential factors for initiating translation. Cell 40:223-224.
70. Shimotohno, K., Y. Kodama, J. Hashimoto, and K. I. Miura. 1977. Importance of 5′-terminal blocking structure to stabilize mRNA in eukaryotic protein synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74:2734-2738.
71. Sontheimer, E. J., and J. A. Steitz. 1993. The U5 and U6 small nuclear RNAs as active-site components of the spliceosome. Science 262:1989-1996.
72. Staley, J. P., and C. Guthrie. 1998. Mechanical devices of the spliceosome: motors, clocks, springs, and things. Cell 92:315-326.
73. Sun, J. S., and J. L. Manley. 1995. A novel U2-U6 snRNA structure is necessary for mammalian messenger-RNA splicing. Genes Dev. 9:843-854.
74. Tarn, W. Y., and J. A. Steitz. 1995. Modulation of 5′ splice site choice in pre-messenger RNA by 2 distinct steps. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:2504-2508.
75. Tatei, K., K. Takemura, H. Tanaka, T. Masaki, and Y. Ohshima. 1987. Recognition of 5′ and 3′ splice site sequences in pre-messenger RNA studied with a filter binding technique. J. Biol. Chem. 262:11667-11674.
76. Teigelkamp, S., C. Mundt, T. Aschel, C. L. Will, and R. Lührmann. 1997. The human U5 snRNP-specific 100-kD protein is an RS domain-containing, putative RNA helicase with significant homology to the yeast splicing factor Prp28p. RNA 3:1313-1326.
77. Ullman, K. S., M. A. Powers, and D. J. Forbes. 1997. Nuclear export receptors: from importin to exportin. Cell 90:967-970.
78. Visa, N., E. Izaurralde, J. Ferreira, B. Daneholt, and I. W. Mattaj. 1996. A nuclear cap-binding complex binds Balbiani Ring pre-mRNA cotranscriptionally and accompanies the ribonucleoprotein particle during nuclear export. J. Cell Biol. 133:5-14.
79. Wassarman, D. A., and J. A. Steitz. 1992. Interactions of small nuclear RNAs with precursor messenger RNA during in vitro splicing. Science 257:1918-1925.
80. Wyatt, J. R., E. J. Sontheimer, and J. A. Steitz. 1992. Site-specific cross-linking of mammalian U5 snRNP to the 5′ splice site before the 1st step of pre-mRNA splicing. Genes Dev. 6:2542-2553.
81. Zahler, A. M., and M. B. Roth. 1995. Distinct functions of SR proteins is recruitment of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein to alternative 5′ splice sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:2642-2646.
82. Zhuang, Y., and A. M. Weiner. 1986. A compensatory base change in U1 snRNA suppresses a 5′ splice site mutation. Cell 46:827-835.
83. Zuo, P., and J. L. Manley. 1994. The human splicing factor ASF/SF2 can specifically recognize pre-mRNA 5′ splice sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:3363-3367.