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Volumn 8, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 668-674

Big trees from little genomes: Mitochondrial gene order as a phylogenetic tool

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EVOLUTION; GENE ORDER; GENE REARRANGEMENT; GENOME; METAZOON; MITOCHONDRION; NONHUMAN; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; UNINDEXED SEQUENCE;

EID: 0031769998     PISSN: 0959437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-437X(98)80035-X     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (525)

References (50)
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    • of outstanding interest. This reports the arrangements of a cluster of tRNA genes in a frog and several reptiles, neatly summarizing all known variations in vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangements, and offering insightful analysis of potential mechanisms and constraints on rearrangements.
    • Macey JR, Larson A, Ananjeva NB, Fang Z, Papenfuss TJ. Two novel gene orders and the role of light-strand replication in rearrangement of the vertebrate mitochondrial genome. of outstanding interest Mol Biol Evol. 14:1997;91-104 This reports the arrangements of a cluster of tRNA genes in a frog and several reptiles, neatly summarizing all known variations in vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangements, and offering insightful analysis of potential mechanisms and constraints on rearrangements.
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    • Tandem duplication via light-strand synthesis may provide a precursor for mitochondrial genomic rearrangement
    • of special interest. MtDNA of the reptile Bipes biporus has a tandem duplication of two tRNA genes, with one having become a pseudogene. This appears to be an intermediate in the duplication/random-loss model of gene rearrangement discussed above.
    • Macey JR, Schulte JA, Larson A, Papenfuss TJ. Tandem duplication via light-strand synthesis may provide a precursor for mitochondrial genomic rearrangement. of special interest Mol Biol Evol. 15:1998;71-75 MtDNA of the reptile Bipes biporus has a tandem duplication of two tRNA genes, with one having become a pseudogene. This appears to be an intermediate in the duplication/random-loss model of gene rearrangement discussed above.
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    • MacEy, J.R.1    Schulte, J.A.2    Larson, A.3    Papenfuss, T.J.4
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    • Mitochondrial gene rearrangement in the sea cucumber genus Cucumaria
    • of outstanding interest. In this sea cucumber, there seems to have been a primitive duplication of the large cluster of tRNA genes commonly found in echinoderm mtDNAs along with the translocation of one duplicated cluster to another region of the genome. This, it is reasoned, was followed by the random losses of one of each pair of the duplicated tRNAs, leaving behind, in each case, a vestige in the form of short non-coding sequences. This appears to be an intermediate state in the duplication/random-loss model of rearrangement discussed above.
    • Arndt A, Smith MJ. Mitochondrial gene rearrangement in the sea cucumber genus Cucumaria. of outstanding interest Mol Biol Evol. 15:1998;1009-1016 In this sea cucumber, there seems to have been a primitive duplication of the large cluster of tRNA genes commonly found in echinoderm mtDNAs along with the translocation of one duplicated cluster to another region of the genome. This, it is reasoned, was followed by the random losses of one of each pair of the duplicated tRNAs, leaving behind, in each case, a vestige in the form of short non-coding sequences. This appears to be an intermediate state in the duplication/random-loss model of rearrangement discussed above.
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    • Animal mitochondrial DNA recombination
    • of special interest. This is the first report of direct evidence for intramolecular recombination in animal mtDNA. Although recombination had been previously demonstrated in plant, protist, and fungal mtDNAs, it had been generally accepted that recombination did not occur among mtDNAs of animals. This study uses a PCR-based strategy to detect end-products of recombination ('mini-circles') within the highly repeated sequence elements in the mtDNA of the nematode Meloidogyne javonica.
    • Lunt D, Hyman B. Animal mitochondrial DNA recombination. of special interest Nature. 387:1997;247 This is the first report of direct evidence for intramolecular recombination in animal mtDNA. Although recombination had been previously demonstrated in plant, protist, and fungal mtDNAs, it had been generally accepted that recombination did not occur among mtDNAs of animals. This study uses a PCR-based strategy to detect end-products of recombination ('mini-circles') within the highly repeated sequence elements in the mtDNA of the nematode Meloidogyne javonica.
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    • Lunt, D.1    Hyman, B.2
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    • The sequence of the meadow grasshopper (Chorthippus parallelus) mitochondrial srRNA, ND2, COI, COII, ATPase8 and 9 tRNA genes
    • Szymura J, Lunt D, Hewittt G. The sequence of the meadow grasshopper (Chorthippus parallelus) mitochondrial srRNA, ND2, COI, COII, ATPase8 and 9 tRNA genes. Insect Mol Biol. 5:1996;127-139.
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    • Multiple independent origins of mitochondrial gene order in birds
    • of special interest
    • Mindell DP, Sorenson MD, Dimcheff DE. Multiple independent origins of mitochondrial gene order in birds. of special interest Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;10693-10697 For several years, it has been known that a number of birds share a unique gene rearrangement involving an exchange of position between the blocks ND6-E and Cytb-T-P (single letters refering to the one-letter amino acid code for the corresponding tRNA gene). This study determines the arrangements of all of these genes for a few birds and of a subset of them for many birds, identifying exactly two arrangements. When these arrangements are plotted on a phylogenetic tree of Aves, it is apparent that one arrangement was acquired independently from the other in multiple lineages. Although the authors argue for independent gene translocations, this differs only semantically from independent translocations of a non-coding region; if all non-coding regions are ignored, both gene arrangements found in these birds are identical. It is also possible that a rearrangement event occurred early in the evolution of Aves that included a duplication of the large non-coding region - a condition suspected in mediating gene rearrangements of other mtDNAs - with the apparent convergence seen here being explained by random losses of these duplicated non-coding regions. This study raises very interesting questions regarding the potential for convergence of mitochondrial gene arrangement.
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    • Mindell, D.P.1    Sorenson, M.D.2    Dimcheff, D.E.3
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    • (1987) Biol Cell , vol.60 , pp. 97-102
    • Mignotte, F.1    Tourte, M.2    Mounolou J-C3


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