Hypertension in East Africans and others of African descent: A review

East African Medical Journal

Volumn 75, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 300-303

  Mbaya, V B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI   (Kenya)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ION CHANNEL; MEMBRANE RECEPTOR; MINERALOCORTICOID;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; HEALTH STATUS; PATHOGEN;

AFRICA; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DIET; FAMILY HISTORY; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HERITABILITY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ION TRANSPORT; KIDNEY DISEASE; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIOECONOMICS;

AFRICA, EASTERN; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; DIET; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

AFRICA;

EID: 0031739175     PISSN: 0012835X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Feachem, R.G., Jamison, D. and Bos, E.R. Changing patterns and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, World Bank publication, 1991; 3-27.
2. Lore, W., Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in Africa with special reference to Kenya: an overview. East Afr. Med J. 1993; 70:357-368.
3. Lisk, D.R., Hypertension in Sierra Leone, East Afr Med J. 1993; 70:284-287.
4. Nordberg, E.M., The true disease pattern in East, Africa, Part I. East Afr. Med. J. 1983; 60:446-451.
5. Sai, F. T. and Nassim, J., Mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: an overview in disease and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, World Bank Publication 1991; 31-36.
6. Mugambi, M. and Little, M.A., Blood pressure in nomadic Turkana pastoralists. East Afr. Med. J. 1983; 60:863-870.
7. Bang, K.M. and Greene E. J., Current epidemiologic status on aging in USA blacks: Update on hypertension and diabetes, J Natl Med Assoc. 1988; 80:627-632.
8. Joubert, J., Van Gelder; A.L., Darazs, B. and Pilloy, W. J., The cardiovascular status of the black stroke patient S. Afr. Med J. 1989; 76:657-664.
9. Makene, W.S. Hypertension in Dar es Salaam, In: Kamunvi, P., Qjiambo, H. P. and Bajusz, E (Editors) Myocardiology in Africa - Proceedings of the international symposium on preventive cardiology and cardiac metabolism, Vol. 1, East. Afr. Lt. Bureau. 1974; 218-223.
10. Heregewoin, M.D., Some clinical aspects of hypertension in Ethiopia, East Afr. Med. J. 1982; 59:283-287.
11. Abraham, G. and Abdulkadir, J. Cerebrovascular accidents in Ethiopians - A review of 48 cases. East Afr. Med. J. 1981; 58:431-436.
12. Asberg, K.H. and Parrow, A. Event, incidence and fatality rates of cerebrovascular diseases in Enkoping-Habo, Sweden 1986-1988, Scand. J. Soc. Med 1991; 19:134-139.
13. Rostand, S.G., Brown G, Kark, K.A., Rutsky, E.A. and Dunstan, H.P., Renal insufficiency in treated essential hypertension. N. Engl. J. Med. 1989; 320:684-688.
14. Tierney, W. M., Harris, L. E., Copley, J. B. and Luft, F. C. Effect of hypertension and type II diabetes on renal function in an urban population. Amer. J. Hypertens. 1990, 3:69-75.
15. Frances, W. J., Walsh, M. and Zawada, E. T. Salt sensitivity in blacks: salt intake and natriuretic substances, Hypertension (Dallas). 1988; 12:485-490.
16. Poulter, N.R. Particular organs and disorders, In: Horelli, A.A. and Quinn, V.J. (editors) Food and Nutrition in Kenya; a historical review, University of Nairobi, 1987, 477-502.
17. Mufunda, J. and Sparks, H. Jr, Salt sensitivity and hypertension in African blacks, In: Fray, J. C. S and Douglas, J. G., (Editors) Pathophysiology of Hypertension in Blacks, Oxford Univ. Press, N.Y., Oxford. 1993; 143-165.
18. Fray, J.C. (Pro) Renin processing and secretion in black essential hypertension and other low-renin syndromes, In: Fray, J.C. and Douglas, S. (Editors) Pathophysiology of Hypertension in Blacks, Oxford Univ Press, N.Y., Oxford 1993; 214-236.
19. Chek, Philip, K. Peripheral renin activity in adult African hypertensive patients seen at the Kenyatta National Hospital, M.Sc. degree thesis, University of Nairobi Kenya, 1983.
20. Shank, R. Nutrition in relation to other aspects of cardiovascular disease, In: Levy, R.I., Rifkind, B.M., Dennis, B.H. and Ernst, N. (Editors) Nutrition, Lipids and Coronary Heart Disease, Raven Press, New York, 1979; 524-548.
21. Mazzarolo-Cruz, H.M. and Cruz, J. Dyslipidaemias in white and black treated essential hypertensive patients, J. Hum. Hypertension. 1994; 8:831-835.
22. Tyroler, H. A., Glueck, C., Christensen, B. and Kwiterovich, P. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol comparison in black and white populations, Circulation. 1980; 62:99-107.
23. Vorster, T. V., Silvis, N., Venter, C., Van Ryssen, J., Huisman, H., van Eeden, T. and Walker, A. Serum cholesterol, lipoproteins and plasma coagulation factors in S. African blacks on high egg but low fat intake. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr. 1987; 46:52-57.
24. Oster, K. A. Plasmalogen diseases and the rarity of atherosclerosis in the Maasai, In Kamunvi, F., Ojiambo H. P. and, Bajuszi, E. (Editors) Myocardiology in Africa, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Preventive Cardiology and Cardiac Metabolism, Vol. 1, East African Literature Bureau. 1974; 209-214.
25. Pitre, M., Nadeau, N. and Bachelard, H. Insulin sensitivity and haemodynamic responses to insulin in Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 271: 658-668.
26. Boden, J.G., Ruiz, J., Kim, C. and Chen, X. Effects of prolonged glucose infusion on insulin secretion, clearance and action in normal subjects. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 270:251-257.
27. Zeiher, A.M., Drexler, H., Wollschager, H. and Just, H. Modulation of coronary vasomotor tone in humans, Circulation, 1991, 83:391-401.
28. Melby, C. L., Goldflies, D. G., Hyner, G. C. and Lyle, R. M. Relation between vegetarian/non vegetarian diets and blood pressure in black and white adults. Amer. J. Public Health. 1989, 79:1283-1288.
29. Jackson, R. L. Antioxidants for treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis, Biochem. Soc. Transactions. 1993; 21:650-651.
30. Leake, D. The French Paradox. The Biochemist. (Feb-Mar), 1995; 12-15.
31. Touyz, R. M. and Milne, F. J. Alterations in intracellular cations and cell membrane ATPase activity in patients with malignant hypertension, J. Hypertens. 1995; 13:867-74.
32. McGarron, D.A. and Hatton, D. Dietary calcium and lower blood Pressure: We can all benefit. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 1996; 275:1128-1129.
33. 2+ through activation of myosin light chain kinase. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 270:0242-247.
34. Sherman, J. A., Strogatz, D.S., Wing, S.B. and Ramsey, D. Socioeconomic status, John Henryism and hypertension in blacks and whites. Amer. J. Epidemiol 1987; 126:664-673.
35. Sherwood, A., May, C.W., Siegel, W.C. and Blumerthal, J.A. Ethnic differences in haemodynamic responses to stress in hypertensive men and women, Amer. J. Hypertens. 1995; 8:552-557.
36. Delehanty, S.G., Dimsdale, J. E. and Mills, P. Psychosocial correlates of reactivity in black and white men. J. Psychosom. Res. 1991. 35:451-460.
37. + channels by B-subunit mutation. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 270:C208-C213.
38. Russell, R.M., Nutrition. J. Amer. Med. Ass. 1996;275:1828.
39. Dalton, M.L., Gadson, P. F. Jr., Wrenn, R. and Rosenguist, T. H. Homocysteine signal cascade: production of phospholipid activation of protein kinase C, and the induction of C-fos and C-myb in smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 1997. 11:703-711.
40. Clarke, R., Daly, L., Robinson, K., Naughten, E., Cahalane, S., Fowler, B. and Graham, I. Hyperhomocysteinemia: An independent risk factor for vascular disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 1991; 324:1149-1155.
41. Lifton, Richard, Molecular genetics of human blood pressure variation. Science. 1996; 272:676-680.
42. Svetkey, L.P., Timmons, P.Z., Emovon, O., Anderson, N.B., Preis, L., and Chen, Y. T. Association of hypertension with beta-2 and alpha 2c10-adrenergic receptor genotype. Hypertension. 1996; 27:1210-1215.
43. Mills, P. J., Dimsdale, J. E., Ziegler, M.G. and Nelesen, R. A., Racial differences in epinephrine and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. Hypertension. 1995; 25:88-91.
44. Mitani, H., Bandoh, T., Kimura, M., Totsuka, I. andHayashi, S. Increased activity of vascular ACE related to athelosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996, 271:H1065-1071.
45. Griendling, K.K. and Alexander, R.W. Endothelial control of the cardiovascular system: recent advances, FASEB. J, 1996; 10:283-292.
46. ++ diet Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 270:1250-57.
47. + channel subunits. Amer. J. Physiol. 1996; 271:C605-19.