Modulation of semantic priming effects by psilocybin, MDE (ecstasy), and d-methamphetamine principles and applications of the model psychosis strategy

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 19-28

  Gouzoulis Mayfrank, E ^a,d   Thelen, B ^a   Maier, S ^b   Habermeyer, E ^a   Spitzer, M ^c   Sass, H ^a  

^a RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ULM   (Germany)

^d RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

METHAMPHETAMINE; N ETHYL 3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYAMPHETAMINE; PSILOCYBINE; PSYCHEDELIC AGENT;

ARTICLE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG SCREENING; EXPERIMENTAL MODEL; HALLUCINATION; HUMAN; NEUROBIOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEMANTICS;

EID: 0031709392     PISSN: 09419500     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Abi-Saab WM, D'Souza DC, Moghaddam B, Krystal JH (1998) The NMDA antagonist model for schizophrenia: Promise and pitfalls. Pharmacopsychiatry, in press
2. Andreasen NC, Rezai K, Alliger R, et al. (1992) Hypofrontality in neuroleptic-naive patients and in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Assessment with Xenon 133 Single-photon emission computed tomography and the Tower of London. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 943-952
3. Anis NA, Berry SC, Burton NR, Lodge D (1983) The dissociative anaesthetics, ketamine and phencyclidine, selectively reduce excitation of central mammalian neurones by N-methyl-aspartate. Br J Pharmacol 79: 565-575
4. Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie (AMDP) (1997) Das AMDP-System, Hogrefe, 6. Edition
5. Benes FM, Bird ED (1987) An analysis of the arrangement of neurons in the cingulate cortex of schizophrenic patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: 608-616
6. Benes FM, Majocha R, Bird ED, Marotta CA (1987) Increased vertical axon numbers in cingulate cortex of schizophrenics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: 1017-1021
7. Beringer K (1927) Der Meskalinrausch. Berlin, Springer
8. Bleuler E (1911) Dementia praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien. Leipzig - Wien, Deuticke.
9. Bodmer I (1989) Konstruktion des Fragebogens OAV zur quantitativen Erfassung außergewöhnlicher Bewußtseinszustände (ABZ). Thesis, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich
10. Bowers MB, Freedman DX (1966) "Psychedelic" experiences in acute psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 15: 240-248
11. Buchsbaum MS, Ingvar DH, Kessler R, et al. (1982) Cerebral glucography with positron tomography. Use in normal subjects and in patients with schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 39: 251-259
12. Buchsbaum MS, Nuechterlein KH, Haier RJ, et al. (1990) Glucose metabolic rate in normals and schizophrenics during the continuous performance test assessed by positron emission tomography. Br J Psychiatry 156: 216-227
13. Callaway E (1992) Psychopharmacology's need for linking variables. Biol Psychiatry 31:1-3
14. Carlsson M, Carlsson A (1990) Schizophrenia: A subcortical neurotransmitter imbalance syndrome? Schizophrenia Bull 16: 425-432
15. Catafau AM, Parellada E, Lomena FJ, et al. (1994) Prefrontal and temporal blood flow in schizophrenia: resting and activation technetium-99m-HMPAO SPECT patterns in young neuroleptic-naive patients with acute disease. J Nucl Med 35: 935-941
16. Chapman J (1960) The early symptoms of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 112: 225-251
17. Cleghorn JM, Garnett ES, Nahmias C, et al. (1989) Increased frontal and reduced parietal glucose metabolism in acute untreated schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 28: 119-133
18. Cleghorn JM, Franco S, Szechtman B (1992) Toward a brain map of auditory hallucinations. Am J Psychiatry 149: 1062-1069
19. Cohen RM, Semple WE, Gross M, et al. (1987) Dysfunction in a prefrontal substrate of sustained attention in schizophrenia. Life Sci 40: 2031-2039
20. Collins AM, Loftus EF (1975) A spreading-activation theory of semantic processing. Psychol Rev 82: 407-428
21. Dittrich A (1998) The standardized psychometric assessment of altered states of consciousness (ASCs) in humans. Pharmacopsychiatry, in press
22. Dittrich A, von Arx S, Staub S (1985) International study on altered states of consciousness (ISASC). Summary of the results. German J Psychol 9: 319-339
23. 99mTc-Exametazime in unmedicated schizophrenic patients. Biol Psychiatry 33: 487-495
24. Farkas T, Wolf AP, Jaeger J, Brodie JD, Christman DR, Fowler JS (1984) Regional brain glucose metabolism in chronic schizophrenia. A positron emission transaxial tomographic study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 41: 293-300
25. Fishman LG (1983) Dreams, hallucinogenic drug states, and schizophrenia: a psychological and biological comparison. Schizophrenia Bulletin 9: 73-94
26. Freedman B, Chapman J (1973) Early subjective experience in schizophrenic episodes. J Abnormal Psychol 82: 46-54
27. Gouzoulis E, Hermle L, Sass H (1994) Psychedelic experiences at the beginning of acute endogenous psychotic episodes. Nervenarzt 65:198-201
28. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Hermle L, Kovar K-A, Sass H (1996) The entactogens: Ecstasy (MDMA), Eve (MDE) and other ring-substituted methamphetamine derivatives. A novel pharmacological class among the illicit designer drugs? Nervenarzt 67: 369-380
29. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Hermle L, Thelen B, Sass H (1998a) History, rationale and potential of human experimental hallucinogenic drug research in psychiatry. Pharmacopsychiatry, in press
30. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Schneider F, Spitzer M, Thelen B, Sass H (1998b) Methodological issues of human experimental research with hallucinogens. Pharmacopsychiatry, in press
31. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Habermeyer E, Hermle L, Steinmeyer AM, Kunert J, Sass H (submitted a) Hallucinogenic drug induced states and acute endogenous psychotic experience: Are they similar? Results of an empirical study.
32. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Schreckenberger M, Sabri O, Arning Ch, Thelen B, Hermle L, Spitzer M, Büll U, Sass H (submitted b) Neurometabolic effects of psilocybin, 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE) and d-methamphetamine in healthy volunteers. A double-blind, placebo-controlled PET study with [18F]FDG.
33. Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Thelen B, Habermeyer E, Kunert HJ, Hermle L, Kovar K-A, Spitzer M, Sass H (submitted c) Psychopathological, neuroendocrine and autonomie effects of 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE), psilocybin and d-methamphetamine in healthy volunteers. Results of an experimental double-blind placebo-controlled study.
34. Grob CS, Poland RE, Chang L, Ernst T (1996) Psychobiologic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in humans: methodological considerations and preliminary observations. Behavioural brain research 73: 103-107
35. Gross G, Huber G, Klosterkötter J, Linz M (1987) BSABS. Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
36. Habermeyer E (in preparation) Wachbewußtseinszustände bei Gesunden und in floriden endogenen Psychosen - eine empiriche Untersuchung. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology (RWTH) Aachen, FRG
37. Heimann H (1961) Ausdrucksphänomenologie der Modellpsychosen (Psilocybin). Psychiat Neurol 141: 69-100
38. Hermle L, Fünfgeld M, Oepen G, Botsch H, Borchardt D, Gouzoulis E, Fehrenbach RA, Spitzer M (1992) Mescaline-induced psychopathological, neuropsychological and neurometabolic effects in normal subjects. Experimental psychosis as a tool for psychiatrie research. Biol Psychiatry 32: 976-991
39. Hermle L, Gouzoulis E, Oepen, G, Spitzer M, Kovar K-A, Borchardt D, Fünfgeld M, Berger M (1993) The significance of hallucinogenic research in psychiatry: history and present status. Nervenarzt 64: 562-571
40. Hoffer A, Osmond H (1959) The adrenochrome model and schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 128: 18
41. Hollister LE (1962) Drug-induced psychoses and schizophrenic reactions, a critical comparison. Ann New York Acad Sci 96: 80-88
42. Javitt DC, Zukin SR (1991) Recent advances in the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 148:1301-1308
43. Kischka U, Kammer Th, Maier S, Weisbrod M, Thimm M, Spitzer M (1996) Dopaminergic modulation of semantic network activation. Neuropsychologia 34: 1107-1113
44. Knauer A, Maloney WJ (1913) A preliminary note on the psychic action of mescaline with special reference to the mechanisms of visual hallucinations. J Nerv Ment Dis 40: 425-436
45. Kornhuber J, Mack-Burkhardt F, Riederer P, Hebenstreit GF, Reynolds GP, Andrews HB, Beckmann H (1989) [3H]MK-801 binding sites in postmortem brain regions of schizophrenic patients. J Neural Transm 77: 231-236
46. Kraepelin E (1892) Über die Beeinflussung einfacher psychischer Vorgänge durch einige Arzneimittel. Jena, Fischer
47. Kwapil TR, Hegley DC, Chapman LJ, Chapman JP (1990) Facilitation of word recognition by semantic priming in schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 99: 215-221
48. Lahti AC, Holcomb HH, Medoff DR, Tamminga CA (1995a) Ketamine activates psychosis and alters limbic blood flow in schizophrenia. NeuroReport 6: 869-872
49. Lahti AC, Koffel B, LaPorte D, Tamminga CA (1995b) Subanesthetic doses of ketamine stimulate psychosis in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 13: 9-19
50. Leuner HC (1962) Die experimentelle Psychose. Ihre Psychopharmakologie, Phänomenologie und Dynamik in Beziehung zur Person. Berlin, Springer
51. Liddle PF, Friston KJ, Frith CD, Hirsch SR, Jones T, Frackowiack RSJ (1992) Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 160: 179-186
52. Maher BA, Manschreck ThC, Redmond D, Beaudette S (1996) Length of illness and the gradient from positive to negative semantic priming in schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research 22: 127-132
53. Malhotra AK, Pinals DA, Weingartner H, Sirocco K, Missar CD, Pickar D, Breier A (1996) NMDA receptor function and human cognition: the effects of ketamine in healthy volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology 14: 301-307
54. Manschreck TC, Maher BA, Milavetz JJ, Ames D, Weisstein CC, Schneyder ML (1988) Semantic priming in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research 1: 61-66
55. Mayer-Gross W, Stein H (1926) Über einige Abänderungen der Sinnestätigkeit im Meskalinrausch. Zeitschr ges Neurol Psychiat 101: 354-386
56. Nestoros JN, Ban TA, Lehman HE (1977) Transmethyletion hypothesis of schizophrenia: Methionine and nicotinic acid. Int. Pharmacopsychiat 12: 215-246
57. Olney JW, Farber NB (1995) Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:998-1007
58. Osmond H, Smythies JR (1952) Schizophrenia, a new approach. J Ment Sci 98: 309
59. Parellada E, Catafau AM, Bernardo M, et al. (1994) Prefrontal dysfunction in young acute neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients: a resting and activation SPECT study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimag 55: 131-139
60. Pechnick RN, Ungerleider JT. Hallucinogens. In: Lowinson JH, Ruiz P, Millman RB, Langrod JG, eds. Substance Abuse. A comprehensive textbook, 3. ed. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins, 1997; 230-238
61. Rinkel M, Deshon HJ, Hyde RW, Solomon HC (1952) Experimental schizophrenia-like symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 108: 572-578
62. Rinkel M, Hyde RW, Solomon HC (1955) Experimental psychiatry II: Clinical and physiochemical observations in experimental psychosis. Am J Psychiatry 111: 881-895
63. Rosenbaum G, Cohen BD, Luby ED, Gottlieb JS, Yelen D (1959) Comparison of Sernyl with other drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1: 113-118
64. Roth BL, Meltzer HY (1995) The role of serotonin in schizophrenia. In: Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ. Psychopharmacology: The fourth generation of progress. Raven Press Ltd, New York, pp. 1215-1227
65. Scharfetter Ch (1990) Schizophrene Menschen, Urban & Schwarzenberg, München
66. Schneider K (1967) Klinische Psychopathologie, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, 8. edition
67. Schneider U, Leweke FM, Mueller-Vahl KR, Emrich HM (1998) Cannabinoid/amandamide-system and schizophrenia: is there evidence for an association? Pharmacopsychiatry, in press
68. Schroeter-Rosendahl C (1980) Beginnende Schizophrenie und verändertes Wachbewußtsein Gesunder: ein empirischer Vergleich mittels einer Selbstbeurteilungsskala. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
69. Servan-Schreiber D, Printz H, Cohen JD (1990) A network model of catecholamine effects: Gain, signal-to-noise ratio, and behavior. Science 249: 892-895
70. 15O-positron emission tomography scanning in predominantly never treated acute schizophrenics. Lancet 1983-2: 1448-1452
71. Siegel BV, Buchsbaum MS, Bunney WE, et al. (1993) Cortical-striatal-thalamic circuits and brain glucose metabolic activity in 70 unmedicated male schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 150: 1325-1336
72. Spitzer M, Braun U, Maier S, Hermle L, Maher BA (1993) Indirect semantic priming in schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia Research 11: 71-80
73. Spitzer M, Thimm M, Hermle L, Holzmann P, Schneider F, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Kischka U, Kovar K.-A. (1996) Increased activation of indirect semantic associations under Psilocybin. Biol Psychiatry 39: 1055-1057
74. Stockings GT (1940) A clinical study of the mescaline psychosis, with special reference to the mechanism of the genesis of schizophrenic and other psychotic states. J mental science 86: 29-47
75. Süllwold L, Huber G (1986) Schizophrene Basisstörungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
76. Tamminga CA, Thaker GK, Buchanan R, et al. (1992) Limbic system abnormalities identified in schizophrenia using positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose and neocortical alterations with deficit syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 522-530
77. Vollenweider FX, Leenders KL, Scharfetter C, Antonini A, Maguire P, Missimer J, Angst J (1997a) Metabolic hyperfrontality and psychopathology in the ketamine model of psychosis using positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) European Neuropsychopharmacology 7: 9-24
78. Vollenweider FX, Leenders KL, Scharfetter C, Maguire P, Stadelmann O, Angst J (1997b) Positron emission tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose studies of metabolic hyperfrontality and psychopathology in the psilocybin model of psychosis. Neuropsychopharmacology 16: 357-372
79. Weinberger DR, Berman KF, Illowsky BP (1988) Physiological dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia, III. A new cohort and evidence for a monoaminergic mechanism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45: 609-615
80. Wiesel FA, Wik G, Sjögren I, Blomqvist G, Greitz T, Stone-Elander S (1987) Regional brain glucose metabolism in drug free schizophrenic patients and clinical correlates. Acta psychiatr scand 76: 628-641
81. Wolkin A, Angrist B, Wolf A, et al. (1988) Low frontal glucose utilization in chronic schizophrenia: a replication study. Am J Psychiatry 145: 251-253
82. Zubin J, Spring B (1977) Vulnerability - a new view of schizophrenia. J Abnorm Psychol 86: 103-126