Trends in blood pressure levels and control of hypertension in Finland from 1982 to 1997

Journal of Hypertension

Volumn 16, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 1379-1387

  Kastarinen, Mika J ^a   Salomaa, Veikko V ^b   Vartiainen, Erkki A ^b   Jousilahti, Pekka J ^b   Tuomilehto, Jaakko O ^b   Puska, Pekka M ^b   Nissinen, Aulikki M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Awareness; Blood pressure; Control of hypertension; Cross sectional population survey; Hypertension; Prevalence

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DRUG USE; FEMALE; FINLAND; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE;

EID: 0031660499     PISSN: 02636352     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004872-199816090-00019     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Whelton PK. Epidemiology of hypertension. Lancet 1994; 344:101-106.
2. Stamler J, Stamler R, Neaton JD. Blood pressure, systolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks. Arch Intern Med 1993; 153:598-615.
3. Collins R, Peto R, MacMahon S, Hebert P, Fiebach NH, Eberlein KA, et al. Blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease. Part 2, short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomized drug trials in their epidemiologic context. Lancet 1990; 335:827-838.
4. MacMahon S, Cutler JA, Stamler J. Antihypertensive drug treatment: potential, expected and observed effects on stroke and on coronary heart disease. Hypertension 1989; 13:145-150.
5. MRC Working Party. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results, BMJ 1992; 304:405-412.
6. Dahlöf B, Lindholm LH, Hansson L, Scherstén B, Ekbom T, Wester PO. Morbidity and mortality in the Swedish trial in old patients with hypertension (STOP-Hypertension). Lancet 1991; 338:1281-1285.
7. Staessen JA, Fagard R, Thijs L, Celis H, Arabidze GG, Birkenhäger WH, et al. Randomized double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators, Lancet 1997; 350:757-764.
8. Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A, Salonen J, Kottke TE, Puska P. Community programme for control of hypertension in North Karelia, Finland, Lancet 1980; ii:900-904.
9. Jackson R, Barham P, Bills J, Birch T, McLennan I, MacMahon S, et al. Management of raised blood pressure in New Zealand: a discussion document. BMJ 1993; 307:107-110.
10. Sever P, Beers G, Bulpitt C, Lever A, Ramsay L, Reid J, et al. Management of guidelines in essential hypertension: report of the second working party of the British Hypertension Society. BMJ 1993; 306:983-987
11. Subcommittee of WHO/ISH Mild Hypertension Liason Committee Summary of 1993 World Health Organization - International Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of mild hypertension. BMJ 1993; 307:1541-1546.
12. The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157:2413-2446.
13. Smith WCS, Lee AJ, Crombie TK, Tunstall-Pedoe H. Control of blood pressure in Scotland: the rule of halves. BMJ 1990; 300:981-983.
14. Marques-Vidal P, Tuomilehto J. Hypertension awareness, treatment and control in the community: is the 'rule of halves' still valid? J Hum Hypertens 1997; 11:213-220.
15. Burt VL, Cutler JA, Higgins M, Horan MJ, Labarthe D, Whelton P, et al. Trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the adult US population: data from the health examination surveys, 1960 to 1991. Hypertension 1995; 26:60-69.
16. WHO MONICA Project Principal Investigators. The World Health Organization MONICA Project (Monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease): a major international collaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 1988; 41:105-114.
17. Salomaa V, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A, Korhonen HJ, Vartiainen E, Kartovaara L, et al. The development of hypertension care in Finland from 1982 to 1987. J Hypertens 1989; 7:837-844.
18. National Public Health Institute. Monitoring trends and determinants of cardiovascular diseases in Finland: the MONICA Study. Helsinki: National Public Health Institute, 1982 (Publ. no. B3/1982).
19. Doll R. Comparison between registers, age-standardized rates. In: Waterhouse J. Muir C, Correa P (editors). Cancer incidence in five continents. Lyon: IARC Science Publication; 1976. pp. 453-459.
20. Norusis MJ. SPSS base system user's guide. Chicago: SPSS Inc.; 1990.
21. Norusis MJ. SPSS advanced statistics user's guide. Chicago: SPSS Inc.; 1990.
22. Pietinen P, Vartiainen E, Seppänen R, Aro A, Puska P. Changes in diet in Finland from 1972 to 1992; impact on coronary heart disease risk. Prev Med 1996; 25:243-250.
23. Pietinen P, Vartiainen E, Männistö S. Trends in body mass index and obesity in Finland from 1972 to 1992. Int J Obes 1996; 20:114-120.
24. Vartiainen E, Puska P, Jousilahti P, Korhonen HJ, Tuomilehto J, Nissinen A. Twenty-year trends in coronary risk factors in North Karelia and in other areas of Finland Int J Epidemiol 1994; 23:495-504.
25. Guibert R, Franco ED. Choosing a definition of hypertension: impact on epidemiologic estimates. J Hypertens 1997; 14:1275-1280.
26. Nissinen A, Tuomilehto J, Korhonen HJ, Piha T, Salonen JT, Puska P. Ten-year results of hypertension care in the community. Am J Epidemiol 1988; 127:488-499.
27. Vallbona C, Pavlik V. Advances in the community control of hypertension: from epidemiology to primary care practice J Hypertens 1992; 10:51-57.
28. Birken NJ, Donner AP, Maynard MD. Assessing hypertension control in the community: the need for follow-up measurements to ensure clinical relevance. Can Med Assoc J 987; 136:595-600.
29. Wolf HK, Tuomilehto J, Kuulasmaa K, Domarkiene S, Zepaitis S, Molarius A, et al. Blood pressure levels in the 41 populations of the WHO MONICA project. J Hum Hypertens 1997; 11:733-742.
30. The WHO MONICA Project. Geographical variation in the major risk factors of coronary heart disease in men and women aged 35-64 years. World Health Stat Q 1988; 41:115-140.
31. Luscher TF, Vetter Siegenthaler W, Vetter W. Compliance in hypertension: facts and concepts. J Hypertens 1985; 3:3-9.
32. Balazovjech I, Hnilica P Jr. Compliance with antihypertensive treatment in consultation rooms for hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 1993; 7:581-583.
33. Rudd P. Clinicians and patients with hypertension: unsettled issues about compliance. Am Heart J 1995; 130:572-579.
34. Turner RR. Role of quality of life in hypertension therapy: implication for patient compliance. Cardiology 1992; 80:11-22.
35. Fahey TP, Peters TJ. What constitutes controlled hypertension? Patient based comparison of hypertension guidelines. BMJ 1996; 313:93-96.
36. Salomaa V, Tuomilehto J, Kartovaara L, Marti B, Nissinen A, Korhonen HJ, et al. Trends in cardiovascular risk factors in treated and untreated hypertensive and normotensive Finnish subjects, 1982-1987. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publ 1990, 38:493-500.
37. Karppanen H, Mervaala E. Adherence to and population impact of non-pharmacological and pharmacological antihypertensive therapy. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10:57-61.
38. Gyarfas I. Lessons from worldwide experience with hypertension control. J Hum Hypertens 1996; 10:21-25.
39. Kannel WB. Blood pressure as a cardiovascular risk factor: prevention and treatment. JAMA 1996; 275:1571-1576.
40. Tuomilehto J, Puska P, Nissinen A, Salonen J, Tanskanen A, Pietinen P, et al. Community based prevention of hypertension in North Karelia, Finland. Ann Clin Res 1984; 16 (suppl 43):18-27.