Output signals of the SCN

Chronobiology International

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 535-550

  LeSauter, Joseph ^a   Silver, Rae ^a  

^a Program on US Russia Relations at Columbia s Harriman Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HYPOTHALAMUS; LIGHT DARK CYCLE; LOCOMOTION; NERVE PROJECTION; NONHUMAN; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SLEEP WAKING CYCLE; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS; TISSUE TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 0031658816     PISSN: 07420528     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/07420529808998706     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Agnati LF, Bjelke B, Fuxe K. Volume transmission in the Brain. Am Scientist 1992; 80:362-73.
2. Aguilar-Roblero RA, Morin LP, Moore RY. Morphological correlates of circadian rhythm restoration induced by transplantation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in hamsters. Exp Neurol 1994; 130:250-60.
3. Aoki C, Joh TH, Pickel VM. Ultrastructural localization of β-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity in the cortex and neostriatum of rat brain. Brain Res 1987; 437:264-82.
4. Aoki C, Go CG, Venkatesan C, Kurose H. Perikaryal and synaptic localization of alpha 2A-adrenergic receptor-like immunoreactivity. Brain Res 1994; 650:181-204.
5. Atwell D, Barbour B, Szatkowski M. Nonvesicular release of neurotransmitters. Neuron 1993; 11:401-7.
6. Beaudet A, Descarries L. The monoamine innervation of rat cerebral cortex: synaptic and nonsynaptic axon terminals. Neuroscience 1978; 3:851-60.
7. Berk ML, Finkelstein JA. An autoradiographic determination of the efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Brain Res 1981; 226: 1-13.
8. Bittman EL, Matsumoto S, Markuns J, Meyer E, Jetton EE. Do SCN grafts reinstate endocrine rhythms? Soc Neurosci Abstr 1993; 19:236.17.
9. Bjelke B, England R, Nicholoson C, Rice ME, Lindberg G, Zoli M, Agnati LF, Fuxe K. Long distance pathway of diffusion for dextran along fibre bundles in the brain. Relevance for volume transmission. Neuroreport 1965; 6:1005-9.
10. Brightman MW. The distribution within the brain of ferritin injected into cerebrospinal fluid compartments. II. Paremchimal distribution. Am J Anat 1965; 117: 193-219.
11. Brightman MW. The intracerebellar movement of proteins injected into blood and cerebrospinal fluid of mice. Prog Brain Res 1968; 117:19-37.
12. Brown MH, Nunez AA. Hypothalamic circuits and circadian rhythms: effects of knife cuts vary with their placement within the suprachiasmatic area. Brain Res Bull 1986; 16:705-11.
13. Canbeyli R, Lehman MN, Silver R. Tracing SCN graft efferents with DiI. Brain Res 1991; 554:15-21.
14. Contant C, Umbriaco D, Garcia S, Watkins KC, Descarries L. Ultrastructure characterization of the acetylcholine innervation in adult rat neostriatum. Neurosci 1996; 71:937-47.
15. Dark J. Partial isolation of the suprachiasmatic nuclei: effects on circadian rhythms of rat drinking behavior. Physiol Behav 1980; 25:863-73
16. DeCoursey PJ, Buggy, J. Circadian rhythmicity after neural transplant to hamster third ventricle: specificity of suprachiasmatic nuclei. Brain Res 1989; 500:263-75.
17. DeCoursey PJ, Buggy J. Tissue and site specificity factors in restoration of circadian rhythmicity by fetal brain transplants to arrhythmic hosts: neuroendocrine aspects. In: Hiroshige T, Fajimalo S, Honma K, eds. Endocrine Chronobiology. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Press, 1992:46-63.
18. ++-dependent, tetrodotoxin-insensitive release of oxytocin and vasopressin. Neurosci Lett 1987; 76:209-14.
19. Djamgoz MBA, Wagner HJ. Localization and function of dopamine in the adult vertebrate retina. Neurochem Int 1992; 20:139-92.
20. Earnest DJ, Digiorgio SM, Sladek CD. Effects of tetrodotoxin on the circadian pacemaker mechanism in suprachiasmatic explants in vitro. Brain Res Bull 1991; 26:677-82.
21. Earnest DJ, Sladek CD. Circadian vasopressin release from perifused rat suprachiasmatic explants in vitro: effects of acute stimulation. Brain Res 1987; 422:398-402.
22. Eskes GA, Rusak B. Horizontal knife cuts in the suprachiasmatic area prevent hamster gonadal response to photoperiod. Neurosci Lett 1985; 61:261-66.
23. Freeman ME, Smith MS, Nazian SJ, Neill JD. Ovarian and hypothalamic control of the daily surges of prolactin secretion during pseudopregnancy in the rat. Endocrinol 1974; 94:875-82.
24. Greitz D. Cerebrospinal fluid circulation and associated intracranial dynamics. A radiologic investigation using MR imaging and radionuclide cisternography. Acta Radiol 1993; Suppl 386:1-23.
25. Hakim HJ, Philpot A, Silver R. Circadian locomotor rhythms but not photoperiodic responses survive transection of SCN efferents in hamsters. J Biol Rhythms 1991; 6:97-113.
26. Halasz B, Pupp L. Hormone secretion of the anterior pituitary gland after physical interruption of all nervous pathways to the hypophysiotrophic area. Endocrinol 1965; 77:553-62.
27. Handler AM, Konopka RJ. Transplantation of a circadian pacemaker in Drosophila. Nature 1970; 279:236-38.
28. Harrington ME, DeCousey PJ, Bruce D, Buggy J. Circadian pacemaker (SCN) transplants into lateral ventricle fail to restore locomotor rhythmicity in arrhythmic hamsters. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1987; 13:213.
29. Harris GW, Campbel HJ. The regulation of the secretion of luteinizing hormone and ovulation. In: Harris GW, Donovan BT, eds. The pituitary gland. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966:99-159.
30. Honma S, Honma K, Hiroshige T. Dissociation of circadian rhythms in rats with a hypothalamic island. Am J Physiol 1984; 246:R949-54.
31. Inouye S-IT, Turek FW. Horizontal knife cuts either ventral or dorsal to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus block testicular regression in golden hamsters maintained in short days. Brain Res 1986; 370:102-7.
32. Kawamura H, Nihonmatsu I. The suprachiasmatic nucleus as the circadian rhythm generator. Immunocytochemical identification of the suprachiasmatic nucleus within the transplanted hypothalamus. In: Hiroshige T, Honma, K, eds. Circadian clocks and Zeitgebers. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido Press, 1985:55-63.
33. Klein DC, Moore RY, Reppert SM. The suprachiasmatic nucleus. The mind's clock. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
34. Lehman MN, LeSauter J, Silver R. Fiber outgrowth from the anterior hypothalamic and cortical xenografts in the third ventricle. J Comp Neurol 1998; 391:133-45.
35. Lehman MN, Silver R, Gladstone WR, Kahn RM, Gibson M, Bittman EL. Circadian rhythmicity restored by neural transplant: Immunocytochemical characterization of the graft and its integration with the host brain. J Neurosci 1987; 7: 1626-38.
36. Lehman MN, Zimmer KA, Strother WN. Influence of the site of implantation on the restoration of circadian rhythmicity by dissociated cell grafts of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1993; 19:1055.
37. LeSauter J, Lehman MN, Silver R. Restoration of circadian rhythmicity by transplants of SCN "micropunches." J Biol Rhythms 1996; 11:163-71.
38. LeSauter J, Romero P, Cascio M, Silver R. Attachment site of grafted SCN influences precision of restored circadian rhythm. J Biol Rhythms 1997; 12:327-38.
39. LeSauter J, Silver, R. Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions abolish and fetal SCN grafts restore circadian gnawing rhythms in hamsters. Restorative Neurol Neurosci 1994; 6:135-43.
40. Liu H, Brown JL, Jasmin L, Maggio JE, Vigna SR, Mantyh PW, Basbaum AI. Synaptic relationship between substance P and substance P receptor: light and electron microscopic characterization of the mismatch between neuropeptides and their receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91:1009-13.
41. Miller JD, Morin LP, Schwartz WJ, Moore RY. New insights into the mammalian circadian clock. Sleep 1996; 19:641-67.
42. Moore RY, Eichler VB. Loss of a circadian adrenal corticosterone rhythm following suprachiasmatic lesions in the rat. Brain Res 1972; 42:201-6.
43. Moore RY, Klein DC. Visual pathways in the central neural control of a circadian rhythm in pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity. Brain Res 1974; 71:17-33.
44. Morin LP. The circadian visual system. Brain Res Rev 1994; 67:102-27.
45. Morris JF, Pow DV. New anatomical insights into the inputs and outputs from hypothalamic magnocellular neurons. In: North WG, Moses AM, Share L, eds. The neurohypophysis: a window on brain function. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1993:16-33.
46. Nishio T, Shiosaka S, Nakagawa H, Sakumoto T, Satoh K. Circadian feeding rhythm after hypothalamic knife-cut isolating suprachiasmatic nucleus. Physiol. Behav 1979; 23:763-69.
47. Nunez AA, Brown MH, Youngstrom G. Hypothalamic circuits involved in the regulation of seasonal and circadian rhythms in adult male golden hamsters. Brain Res Bull 1985; 15:149-53.
48. Nunez AA, Casati MJ. The role of efferent connections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the control of circadian rhythms. Behav Neural Biol 1979; 25:263-67.
49. Nunez AA, Stephan RK. The effects of hypothalamic knife cuts on drinking rhythms and the estrous cycle of the rat. Behav Biol 1977; 20:224-34.
50. Nusser Z, Mulvihill E, Streit P, Somogyi P. Synaptic segregation of metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors as revealed by immunogold localization. Neurosci 1994; 61:421-27.
51. Page TL. Transplantation of the cockroach circadian pacemaker. Science 1982; 216: 73-75.
52. Pasquini F, Bochet P, Guarbayjaureguiberry C, Roques BP, Rossier J, Beaudet A. Electron microscopic localization of photoaffinity-labelled delta opioid receptors in the neostriatum of the rat. J Comp Neurol 1992; 326:229-44.
53. Philpot A, Romero M-T, Silver R. Transplantation of fetal SCN into third ventricle of adult hamster spares disruption of circadian locomotor rhythm following SCN lesion. Soc Neurosci Abstr 1989; 15:725.
54. Pickard GE, Turek FW. Effects of partial destruction of the suprachiasmatic nuclei on two circadian parameters: wheel-running activity and short-day induced testicular regression. J Comp Physiol 1985; 156:803-15.
55. Ralph MR, Foster RG, Davis FC, Menaker M. Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period. Science 1990; 247:975-78.
56. Rennels ML, Gregory TF, Blaumanis OR, Fujimoto K, Grady PA. Evidence for a "paravascular" fluid circulation in the mammalian central nervous system, provided by the rapid distribution of tracer protein throughout the brain from the subarachnoid space. Brain Res 1985; 326:47-63.
57. Rennels ML, Blaumanis, Grady PA. Rapid solute transport throughout the brain via paravascular fluid pathways. Adv Neurol 1990; 52:431-39.
58. Reppert SM, Schwartz WJ, Uhl GR. Arginine vasopressin: a novel peptide rhythm in cerebrospinal fluid. Trends in Neurosci 1987; 10:76-80.
59. Rusak B, ed. J Biol Rhythms 1987; 4(2).
60. Schwartz, WJ, Gross RA, Morton MT. The suprachiasmatic nuclei contain a tetrodotoxin-resistant circadian pacemaker. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987; 84:1694-98.
61. Schwartz, WJ, SM Reppert. Neural regulation of the circadian vasopressin rhythm in cerebrospinal fluid: a pre-eminent role for the suprachiasmatic nuclei. J Neurosci 1985; 5:2771-78.
62. Serviere J, Gendrot G, LeSauter J, Silver R. Host resets phase of grafted SCN: I. A 2-deoxyglucose study of the time course of entrainment. Brain Res 1994; 665: 168-76.
63. Serviere J, Gendrot G, LeSauter J, Silver R. Host resets phase of grafted SCN: II. Influence of implant site, tissue specificity, and pineal secretions. Neurosci Lett 1994; 176:80-84.
64. Sesack SR, Aoki C, Pickel VM. Ultrastructural localization of D2 receptor-like immunoreactivity in midbrain dopamine neurons and their striatal targets. J Neurosci 1994; 14:88-106.
65. Shigemoto R, Nakaya Y, Nomura S, Ogawa-Meguro R, Ohishi H, Kaneko T, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. Immunohistochemical localization of rat substance P receptor in the striatum. Neurosci Lett 1993; 153:157-60.
66. Silver R, Lehman MN, Gibson M, Gladstone WR, Bittman EL. Dispersed cell suspension of fetal SCN restore circadian rhythmicity in SCN-lesioned adult hamsters. Brain Res 1990; 525:45-58.
67. Silver R, LeSauter J. What do suprachiasmatic nucleus transplants do? Brain Res Rev 1993; 18:322-25.
68. Silver R, LeSauter J, Tresco PA, Lehman MN. A diffusible coupling signal from the transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms. Nature 1996; 382:810-13.
69. Silvilotti L, Colquhoun D. Acetylcholine Receptors: too many channels, too few functions. Science 1995; 269:1681-82.
70. Sollars PJ, Pickard GE. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in anterior hypothalamic transplants: correlation with functional restoration of circadian behavior. Exp Neurol 1995; 136:1-11.
71. Stephan FK, Berkley KJ, Moss RL. Efferent connections of the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neurosci 1981; 6:2625-41.
72. Stephan FK, Nunez AA. Elimination of circadian rhythms in drinking, activity, sleep and temperature by isolation of the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Behav Biol 1977; 20:116.
73. Swanson LW, Cowan WM. The efferent connections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Comp Neurol 1975; 160:1-12.
74. Tejasen T, Everett JW. Surgical analysis of the preoptico-tuberal pathway controlling ovulatory release of gonadotropins in the rat. Endocrinology 1967; 81: 1387-96.
75. Terman M. Task force report on light treatment for sleep disorders. J Biol Rhythms 1995; 10: special issue.
76. Tresco PA, Winn SR, Tan S, Jaeger CB, Greene LA, Aebischer P. Polymer-encapsulated PC12 cells: long-term survival and associated reduction in lesion-induced rotational behavior. Cell Transplantation 1992; 1:255-64.
77. Truman JW, Riddiford LM. Neuroendocrine control of ecdysis in silkmoths. Science 1970; 167:1624-26.
78. Van den Pol AN, Dudek FE. Cellular communication in the circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neurosci 1993; 56:793-811.
79. Van den Pol AN, Powley T. A fine-grained anatomical analysis of the role of the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus in circadian rhythms of feeding and drinking. Brain Res 1979; 160:307-20.
80. Vogelbaum MA, Menaker M. Temporal chimeras produced by hypothalamic transplants. J Neurosci 1992; 12:3619-27.
81. Wagner H-J, Luo B-G, Ariano MA, Sibley DR, Stell WK. Localization of D2 dopamine receptors in vertebrate retinae with anti-peptide antibodies. J Comp Neurol 1993; 331:469-81.
82. Watts AG. The efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus: Anatomical insights into the control of circadian rhythms. In: Klein DC, Moore RY, Reppert SM, eds. The suprachiasmatic nucleus: the mind's clock. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991:77-106.
83. Watts AG, Swanson LW, Sanchez-Watts G. Efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus: I. Studies using anterograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris Leucoagglutinin in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1987; 258:204-29.
84. Watts AG, Swanson LW. Efferent projections of the suprachiasmatic nucleus: II. Studies using retrograde transport of fluorescent dyes and simultaneous peptide immunohistochemistry in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1987; 258:230-52.
85. Watts AG, Sheward WJ, Whale D, Fink G. The effects of knife cuts in the subparaventricular zone of the female rat hypothalamus on oestrogen-induced diurnal surges of plasma prolactin and LH, and circadian wheel-running activity. J Endocrinology 1989; 122:593-604.
86. Weisskopf MG, Zalutski RA, Nicoll RA. The opioid peptide dynorphin mediates heterosynaptic depression of hippocampal mossy fibre synapses and modulates long term potentiation. Nature 1993; 362:423-27.
87. Wiegand SJ, Gash, DM. Organization and efferent connections of transplanted suprachiasmatic nuclei. J Comp Neurol 1988; 267:562-79.
88. Youngstrom TG, Nunez AA. Neurons in the suprachiasmatic area are labelled after intravenous injections of horseradish peroxidase. Exp Brain Res 1987; 67:127-30.
89. Zimmerman NH, Menaker M. The pineal gland: a pacemaker within the circadian system of the house sparrow. PNAS 1979; 76:999-1003.