Age and secular trends in bone lead levels in middle-aged and elderly men: Three-year longitudinal follow-up in the normative aging study

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 146, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 586-591

  Kim, Rokho ^a,b   Landrigan, Chris ^c   Mossmann, Peter ^b   Sparrow, David ^d   Hu, Howard ^a,b  

^a HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c BOSTON CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Bone and bones; Environmental exposure; Lead; Longitudinal studies

Indexed keywords

LEAD;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BONE DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; DATA ANALYSIS; ELDERLY CARE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LEAD BLOOD LEVEL; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE;

EID: 0031469815     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009318     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Shroeder HA, Tipton IH. The human body burden of lead. Arch Environ Health 1968;17:965-78.
2. Barry PSI, Mossman DB. Lead concentrations in human tissues. Br J Ind Med 1970;27:339-51.
3. Barry PSI. A comparison of concentrations of lead in human tissues. Br J Ind Med 1975;32:119-39.
4. Drasch GA, Boehm J, Baur C. Lead in human bones: investigations on an occupationally non-exposed population in southern Bavaria (F.R.G). I. Adults. Sci Total Environ 1987; 64:303-15.
5. Morgan WD, Ryde SJS, Jones S, et al. In vivo measurements of cadmium and lead in occupationally-exposed workers and urban population. Biol Trace Elem Res 1990;26:407-14.
6. Autderheide AC, Wittmers LE Jr. Selected aspects of the spatial distribution of lead in bone. Neurotoxicology 1992;13: 809-19.
7. Hu H, Milder F, Burger DE. X-ray fluorescence measurements of lead burden in subjects with low-level community lead exposures. Arch Environ Health 1990;45:335-41.
8. Kosnett MJ, Becker CE, Osterlich JD, et al. Factors influencing bone lead concentration in a suburban community assessed by K x-ray fluorescence. JAMA 1994;271:197-203.
9. Hoppin JA, Aro AC, Williams PL, et al. Validation of K-XRF bone lead measurements in young adults. Environ Health Perspect 1995;103:78-83.
10. Hu H, Payton M, Korrick S, et al. Determinants of bone and blood lead levels among community-exposed middle-aged to elderly men. Am J Epidemiol 1996;144:749-59.
11. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological profile for lead. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services, 1991.
12. Pirkle JL, Brody DJ, Gunter EW, et al. The decline in blood lead levels in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). JAMA 1994;272: 284-91.
13. Nilsson U, Attewell R, Christofferson J-O, et al. Kinetics of lead in bone and blood after end of occupational exposure. Pharmacol Toxicol 1991;69:477-84.
14. Christofferson J-O, Ahlgren L, Schuelz A, et al. Decrease of skeletal lead levels in man after end of occupational exposure. Arch Environ Health 1986;41:312-15.
15. Bell B, Rose CL, Damon A. The Normative Aging Study: an interdisciplinary and longitudinal study of health and aging. Aging Hum Dev 1972;3:5-17.
16. Rose CL, Bosse R, Szretter WT. The relationship of scientific objectives to population selection and attrition in longitudinal studies: the case of the Normative Aging Study. Gerontologist 1976;16:508-16.
17. Burger D, Morsillo P, Adams B, et al. Automated instrument for making K-x-ray fluorescence measurements in human bone. Basic Life Sci 1990;55:287-93.
18. Hu H, Watanabe H, Payton M, et al. The relationship between bone lead and hemoglobin. JAMA 1994;272:1512-17.
19. Somervaille LJ, Chettle DR, Scott MC. In vivo measurement of lead in bone using x-ray fluorescence. Phys Med Biol 1985;30:929-43.
20. Jones KW, Schidlovsky G, Williams FH, et al. In vivo determination of tibial lead by K x-ray fluorescence with a 1O9 Cd source. In: Ellis KT, Yasumura S, Morgan WD, eds. In vivo body composition studies. London, England: Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine, 1987:363-73.
21. Hu H, Aro A, Rotnitzky A. Bone lead measured by x-ray fluorescence: epidemiological methods and a new biomarker. Environ Health Perspect 1995;103(suppl 1):105-10.
22. Anderssen N, Jacobs DR Jr, Sidney S, et al. Change and secular trends in physical activity patterns in young adults: a seven-year longitudinal follow-up in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (CARDIA). Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:351-62.
23. Cleveland WS. Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots. J Am Stat Assoc 1979;74:829-36.
24. Annest JL, Pirkle JL, Makuc D, et al. Chronological trend in blood lead levels between 1976 and 1980. N Engl J Med 1983;308:1373-7.
25. Pirkle JL, Brody DJ, Gunter EW, et al. The decline in blood lead levels in the United States: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). JAMA 1994;272: 284-91.
26. Rabinowitz MB. Toxicokinetics of bone lead. Environ Health Perspect 1991;91:33-7.
27. Flegal AR, Smith DR. Lead levels in preindustrial humans. N Engl J Med 1992;326:1293-4.
28. Hu H, Watanabe H, Payton M, et al. The relationship between bone lead and hemoglobin. JAMA 1994;272:1512-17.
29. Hu H, Aro A, Payton M, et al. The relationship of bone and blood lead to hypertension. JAMA 1996;275:1171-6.
30. Muldoon SB, Cauley JA, Kuller L, et al. Blood lead levels and neuropsychologic function in elderly women. (Abstract). Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:644-5.
31. Cake KM, Bowins RJ, Vaillancourt C, et al. The partition of circulating lead between serum and red cells is different for internal and external sources of lead. Am J Ind Med 1996;29: 440-5.