Low-molecular-weight heparins;Eparine a basso peso molecolare

Recenti Progressi in Medicina

Volumn 88, Issue 12, 1997, Pages 588-602

  Pini, Mario ^a,b  

^a Azienda USL di Parma   (Italy)

^b Ospedale   (Italy)

Author keywords

Low molecular weight heparins; Unstable angina; Venous thromboembolism

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DRUG EFFICACY; HEART INFARCTION; HEPARINIZATION; HUMAN; LUNG EMBOLISM; REVIEW; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS;

ADULT; AGED; ANGINA, UNSTABLE; CLINICAL TRIALS; FEMALE; HEPARIN, LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; HUMANS; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDIES; NEUROSURGERY; ORTHOPEDICS; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS; PREGNANCY; THROMBOEMBOLISM; THROMBOPHLEBITIS;

EID: 0031465823     PISSN: 00341193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Harenberg J. Pharmacology of the low molecular weight heparins. Semin Thromb Haemost 1990; 16 (suppl): 12-8.
2. Rosenberg RD, Bauer KA. The heparin-antithrombin system: a natural anticoagulant mechanism In: Colman RW et al. Haemostasis and thrombosis: basic principles and clinical practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott 1994: 837-60.
3. Danielsson A, Raub E, Lindhal U, Bjork I. Role of ternary complexes, in which heparin binds both antithrombin and proteinase, in the acceleration of the reactions between antithrombin and thrombin or factor Xa. J Biol Chem 1986; 261: 15467-73.
4. Jordan RE, Oosta GM, Gardner WT, Rosenberg RD. The kinetics of hemostatic enzyme-antithrombin interactions in the presence of low molecular weight heparin. J Biol Chem 1980; 255: 10081-90.
5. Young E, Prins M, Levine MN, et al. Heparin binding to plasmaproteins, an important mechanism for heparin resistance. Thromb Haemost 1992; 67: 639-43.
6. Salzman EW, Rosenberg RD, Smith MH, et al. Effect of heparin and heparin fractions on platelet aggregation. J Clin Invest 1980; 65: 64-73.
7. Barzu T, Molho P, Tobelem G, et al. Binding of heparin and low molecular weight fragments to human vascular endothelial cells in culture. Nouv Rev Fr Haematol 1984; 26: 243-7.
8. Hirsh J. Low molecular weight heparin. Thromb Haemost 1993; 70: 204-7.
9. Collins R, Scrimgeour A, Yusuf S, et al. Reduction in fatal pulmonary embolism and venous thrombosis by perioperative administration of subcutaneous heparin. N Engl J Med 1988; 318: 1162-73.
10. Clagett GP, Anderson FA Jr, Heit J, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism Chest 1995; 108 (suppl): 312S-334S.
11. The European Fraxiparine Study (EFS) Group. Comparison of low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Br J Surg 1988; 75: 1058-63.
12. Leizorovicz A, Haugh MC, Chapuis FR, et al. Low molecular weight heparins in the prevention of perioperative thrombosis. BMJ 1992; 305: 913-20.
13. Kakkar VV, Cohen AT, Admonson RA, et al. Low molecular weight versus standard heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after major abdominal surgery. Lancet 1993; 341: 259-64.
14. Nurmohamed MT, Rosendaal FR, Büller HR, et al. Low-molecular weight heparin versus standard heparin in general and orthopedic surgery. Lancet 1992; 340: 152-6.
15. Leyvraz PF, Bachmann F, Hoek J, et al. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement: randomized comparison between unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin. BMJ 1991; 303: 543-8.
16. Hull R, Raskob G, Pineo G, et al. A comparison of subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin with warfarin sodium for prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after hip or knee implantation. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 1370-6.
17. Turpie AGG, Levine MN, Hirsh J et al. A randomized controlled trial of a low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin) to prevent deep-vein thrombosis in patients undergoging elective hip surgery. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 925-9.
18. Nenci GC, Verso M. Profilassi del tromboembolismo venoso in chirurgia ortopedica maggiore. Progressi in Patologia Cardiovascolare 1996; 39: 84-92.
19. Weitz JI. Low-molecular-weight heparins. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 688-98.
20. Pini M. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Haematologica 1995; 80 (suppl): 67-77.
21. Hunter JB, Frostick SP. Dalteparin (Fragmin) for the prevention of early mortality after orthopaedic surgery. Thromb Haemost 1995; 73: abstract # 298.
22. Nurmohamed MT, van Riel AM, Henkens CMA, et al. Low molecular weight heparin and compression stockings in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery. Thromb Haemost 1996; 75: 233-8.
23. Agnelli G, Piovella F, Buoncristiani P, et al. Enoxaparin plus compression stockings versus compression stockings alone in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in neurosurgery patients: a randomised double-blind venography study. In corso di stampa.
24. Weingarden SI. DVT in spinal cord injury: overview of the problem. Chest 1992; 102 (suppl): 636-9S.
25. Geerts WH, Code KI, Jay RM, et al. A prospective study of venous thromboembolism after major trauma. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 1601-6.
26. Geerts WH, Jay RM, Code KI, et al. A comparison of low dose heparin with low molecular weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 701-7.
27. Turpie AGG, Gent M, Cote R et al. A low molecular weight heparinoid compared with unfractionated heparin in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Ann Int Med 1992; 117: 353-7.
28. Dahan R, Houlbert D, Caulin C et al. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients by a low molecular weight heparin: a randomized double-blind trial. Haemostasis 1986; 16: 159-64.
29. Keller F, Flosbach CW and the PRIME study group. A randomized multicentre, double blind study investigating the efficacy and safety of the low molecular weight heparin enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin in the prevention of thromboembolism in immobilised medical patients. Thromb Haemost 1995; 73; abstract 788.
30. Harenberg J, Roebruck P, Heene DL, et al. Subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin versus standard heparin and the prevention of thromboembolism in medical inpatients. Haemostasis 1996; 26: 127-39.
31. Forestier F, Daffos F, Capella-Pavlovsky M. Low molecular weight heparin (PK 10169) does not cross the placenta during the second trimester of pregnancy: study by direct fetal blood sampling under ultrasound. Thromb Res 1984; 34: 557-60.
32. Finazzi G. Impiego delle eparine a basso peso molecolare in gravidanza. Progressi in Patologia Cardiovascolare 1996;39:122-5.
33. Melissari E, Parker CJ, Wilson NV, et al. Use of low molecular weight heparin in pregnancy. Thromb Haemost 1992; 68: 652-6.
34. Wahlberg TB, Kher A. Low molecular weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in pregnancy. Haemostasis 1994; 24: 55-6.
35. Dulitzki M, Pauzner R, Langevitz P, et al. Low molecular weight heparin during pregnancy and delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1996; 87: 380-3.
36. Shaughnessy SG, Young E, Deschamps P, et al. The effect of low molecular weight heparin and standard heparin on calcium loss from fetal rat calvaria. Blood 1995; 86: 1368-73.
37. Monreal M, Lofoz E, Olive A, et al. Comparison of subcutaneous unfractionated heparin with a low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin) in patients with venous thromboembolism and contraindications to warfarin. Thromb Haemost 1994; 71: 7-11.
38. De Swiet M, Ward PD, Fidler J, et al. Prolonged heparin treatment in pregnancy causes bone demineralization. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983; 90: 1129-34.
39. Dahlman T, Lindvall N, Hellgren M. Osteopenia in pregnancy during long-term heparin treatment: A radiological study post partum. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990; 97: 221-8.
40. Lee LH, Liauw PCY, Ng ASH. Low molecular weight heparin for thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy in 2 patients with mechanical mitral valve replacement. Thromb Haemost 1996; 76: 628-30.
41. Dolovich L, Ginsberg JS. Low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of venous thromboembolism: an updated meta-analysis. Vessels 1997;3:4-11.
42. Koopman MMW, Prandoni P, Piovella F, et al. Treatment of venous thrombosis with intravenous unfractionated heparin administered in the hospital as compared with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin administered at home. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:682-7.
43. Levine M, Gent M, Hirsh J, et al. A comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin administered primarily at home with unfractionated heparin administered in the hospital for proximal deep-vein thrombosis. N Engl J Med 1996;334:677-81.
44. The Columbus Investigators. Low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of patients with venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med 1997;337:657-62.
45. Simonneau G, Sors H, Charbonnier B, et al. A comparison of low-molecular weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for acute pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med 1997; 337:663-9.
46. Pini M, Aiello S, Manotti C, et al. Low molecular weight heparin versus warfarin in the prevention of recurrences after deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1994;72:191-7.
47. Lopaciuk S et al. Low molecular weight heparin versus acenocoumarol in the secondary prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1997; suppl XVI Congress ISTH, Abstract 767.
48. Gurfinkel EP, Manos EJ, Mejail RI, et al. Low molecular weight heparin versus regular heparin or aspirin in the treatment of unstable angina and silent ischemia. JACC 1966; 26: 313-8.
49. Bernardkiewicz Z, Krzeminska-Pakula M, Kurpesa M, et al. Low molecular weight heparin versus regular heparin in the treatment of patients unstable angina. JACC 1967; 29 (suppl A): 409A (Abstract).
50. Fragmin during Instability in Coronary Artery Disease (FRISC) Study Group. Low-molecular-weight heparin during instability in coronary artery disease. Lancet 1996;347: 561-8.
51. Klein W, Buchwald A, Hillis SE, et al. Comparison of low molecular weight heparin with unfractionated heparin acutely and with placebo for 6 weeks in the management of unstable coronary artery disease. Circulation 1997;96:61-8.
52. Cohen M, Demers C, Gurfinkel EP et al. A comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for unstable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1997;337:447-52.
53. Kay R, Wong KS, Yu YL, et al. Low-molecularweight heparin for the treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1588-93.
54. Warkentin TE, Levine MN, Hirsh J, et al. Heparininduced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low molecular weight heparin or unfractionated heparin. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1330-5.
55. Anderson DR, O'Brien BJ, Levine MN, et al. Efficacy and cost of low molecular weight heparin compared with standard heparin for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty. Ann Int Med 1993;119:1105-12.
56. O'Brien BJ, Anderson DR, Goeree R. Cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin versus warfarin prophylaxis against deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. Can Med Assoc J 1994;150:1083-90.
57. Barosi G. La valutazione economica dell'uso delle eparine a basso peso molecolare nella patologia tromboembolica venosa. Progressi in Patologia Cardiovascolare 1996;39:126-9.
58. Palareti G, Borghi B, Coccheri S, et al: Postoperative versus preoperative initiation of deep-vein thrombosis prophylaxis with a low-molecular-weight heparin (nadroparin) in elective hip replacement. Clin Appl Thromb Haemost 1996; 2: 18-24.
59. Planes A, Vochelle N, Darmon JY et al. Risk of deep venous thrombosis after hospital discharge in patients having undergone total hip replacement: double-blind randomised comparison of enoxaparin versus placebo. Lancet 1996; 348: 224-8.
60. Bergquist D, Benoni G, Bjorgell O et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 696-700.
61. Dahal OE, Andreassen G, Aspelin T, et al. Prolonged thromboprophylaxis following hip replacement surgery. Results of a double-blind prospective, randomised placebo-controlled study with dalteparin. Thromb Haemost 1997; 77: 2631.
62. Dahal OE, Pedersen T, Kierulf P, et al. Sequential intrapulmonary and systemic activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during and after total hip replacement surgery. Thromb Res 1993; 70: 451-8.
63. International Stroke Trial Collaborative. The International Stroke Trial (IST): a randomised trial of aspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19435 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 1997; 349. 1569-81.